Author: Corinne
Publisher: McSweeney's
ISBN: 1940450357
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 393
Book Description
The men and women in Invisible Hands reveal the human rights abuses occurring behind the scenes of the global economy. These narrators — including phone manufacturers in China, copper miners in Zambia, garment workers in Bangladesh, and farmers around the world — reveal the secret history of the things we buy, including lives and communities devastated by low wages, environmental degradation, and political repression. Sweeping in scope and rich in detail, these stories capture the interconnectivity of all people struggling to support themselves and their families. Narrators include Kalpona, a leading Bangladeshi labor organizer who led her first strike at 15; Han, who, as a teenager, began assembling circuit boards for an international electronics company based in Seoul; Albert, a copper miner in Zambia who, during a wage protest, was shot by representatives of the Chinese-owned mining company that he worked for; and Sanjay, who grew up in the shadow of the Bhopal chemical disaster, one of the worst industrial accidents in history.
Invisible Hands
Author: Corinne
Publisher: McSweeney's
ISBN: 1940450357
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 393
Book Description
The men and women in Invisible Hands reveal the human rights abuses occurring behind the scenes of the global economy. These narrators — including phone manufacturers in China, copper miners in Zambia, garment workers in Bangladesh, and farmers around the world — reveal the secret history of the things we buy, including lives and communities devastated by low wages, environmental degradation, and political repression. Sweeping in scope and rich in detail, these stories capture the interconnectivity of all people struggling to support themselves and their families. Narrators include Kalpona, a leading Bangladeshi labor organizer who led her first strike at 15; Han, who, as a teenager, began assembling circuit boards for an international electronics company based in Seoul; Albert, a copper miner in Zambia who, during a wage protest, was shot by representatives of the Chinese-owned mining company that he worked for; and Sanjay, who grew up in the shadow of the Bhopal chemical disaster, one of the worst industrial accidents in history.
Publisher: McSweeney's
ISBN: 1940450357
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 393
Book Description
The men and women in Invisible Hands reveal the human rights abuses occurring behind the scenes of the global economy. These narrators — including phone manufacturers in China, copper miners in Zambia, garment workers in Bangladesh, and farmers around the world — reveal the secret history of the things we buy, including lives and communities devastated by low wages, environmental degradation, and political repression. Sweeping in scope and rich in detail, these stories capture the interconnectivity of all people struggling to support themselves and their families. Narrators include Kalpona, a leading Bangladeshi labor organizer who led her first strike at 15; Han, who, as a teenager, began assembling circuit boards for an international electronics company based in Seoul; Albert, a copper miner in Zambia who, during a wage protest, was shot by representatives of the Chinese-owned mining company that he worked for; and Sanjay, who grew up in the shadow of the Bhopal chemical disaster, one of the worst industrial accidents in history.
Invisible Voices
Author: Martin Glynn
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1000607860
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 214
Book Description
Invisible Voices explores the intersection of criminology and history as a way of contextualizing the historical black presence in crime and punishment in the UK. Through case studies, court transcripts, and biographical accounts it reimagines the understanding/s of the role of history in shaping contemporary perceptions. The book: Moves beyond the confines of presenting ‘criminological history’ as monocultural Demonstrates how ‘mainstream criminology’ is complicit in obscuring ‘hidden criminological histories' Critically assesses the implications regarding the positioning of ‘the black presence’ within the discipline of criminology Revises current thinking around excluded, marginalized, and muted histories, when looking at ‘crime and punishment’ as a whole. The opening chapters lay the foundation for locating the historical black presence in crime and punishment, whilst offering practical guidance for anyone wanting to pursue the journey of unearthing hidden history. Chapters 5–9 comprise compelling case studies designed to fuel new discussions regarding important excluded voices in crime and punishment history. The following chapters reveal powerful testimonies from those black voices involved in speaking out against slavery during the Georgian and Victorian periods, and highlight the pivotal role played by black activists during significant periods of British history. Chapter 12 explores ‘The Black Rage Defence’, illuminating a moment in British legal history which tied both the UK and US into a struggle for validating mental health and offending, where race was a significant factor. The final chapter focuses on the need to engage criminologists in a critical dialogue regarding a reimagining of the way criminological history is (re)presented. Invisible Voices is crucial reading for students not just of Criminology and History, but also Sociology, Cultural Studies, Black Studies and Law, as well as criminal justice practitioners. It also aims to provide scope for A-Level students contemplating going to university, community educational programmes, and prison education departments, as well as anyone wanting to learn more about the black presence in UK history.
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1000607860
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 214
Book Description
Invisible Voices explores the intersection of criminology and history as a way of contextualizing the historical black presence in crime and punishment in the UK. Through case studies, court transcripts, and biographical accounts it reimagines the understanding/s of the role of history in shaping contemporary perceptions. The book: Moves beyond the confines of presenting ‘criminological history’ as monocultural Demonstrates how ‘mainstream criminology’ is complicit in obscuring ‘hidden criminological histories' Critically assesses the implications regarding the positioning of ‘the black presence’ within the discipline of criminology Revises current thinking around excluded, marginalized, and muted histories, when looking at ‘crime and punishment’ as a whole. The opening chapters lay the foundation for locating the historical black presence in crime and punishment, whilst offering practical guidance for anyone wanting to pursue the journey of unearthing hidden history. Chapters 5–9 comprise compelling case studies designed to fuel new discussions regarding important excluded voices in crime and punishment history. The following chapters reveal powerful testimonies from those black voices involved in speaking out against slavery during the Georgian and Victorian periods, and highlight the pivotal role played by black activists during significant periods of British history. Chapter 12 explores ‘The Black Rage Defence’, illuminating a moment in British legal history which tied both the UK and US into a struggle for validating mental health and offending, where race was a significant factor. The final chapter focuses on the need to engage criminologists in a critical dialogue regarding a reimagining of the way criminological history is (re)presented. Invisible Voices is crucial reading for students not just of Criminology and History, but also Sociology, Cultural Studies, Black Studies and Law, as well as criminal justice practitioners. It also aims to provide scope for A-Level students contemplating going to university, community educational programmes, and prison education departments, as well as anyone wanting to learn more about the black presence in UK history.
Voices of the Invisible Presence
Author: Kumiko Torikai
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing
ISBN: 9027224277
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 212
Book Description
"Voices of the Invisible Presence: Diplomatic interpreters in post-World War II Japan" examines the role and the making of interpreters, in the social, political and economic context of postwar Japan, using oral history as a method. The primary questions addressed are what kind of people became interpreters in post-WWII Japan, how they perceived their role as interpreters, and what kind of role they actually played in foreign relations. In search of answers to these questions, the living memories of five prominent interpreters were collected, in the form of life-story interviews, which were then categorized based on Pierre Bourdieu s concept of habitus, field and practice . The experiences of pioneering simultaneous interpreters are analyzed as case studies drawing on Erving Goffman s participation framework and the notion of" kurogo" in Kabuki theatre, leading to the discussion of (in)visibility of interpreters and their perception of language, culture and communication."
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing
ISBN: 9027224277
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 212
Book Description
"Voices of the Invisible Presence: Diplomatic interpreters in post-World War II Japan" examines the role and the making of interpreters, in the social, political and economic context of postwar Japan, using oral history as a method. The primary questions addressed are what kind of people became interpreters in post-WWII Japan, how they perceived their role as interpreters, and what kind of role they actually played in foreign relations. In search of answers to these questions, the living memories of five prominent interpreters were collected, in the form of life-story interviews, which were then categorized based on Pierre Bourdieu s concept of habitus, field and practice . The experiences of pioneering simultaneous interpreters are analyzed as case studies drawing on Erving Goffman s participation framework and the notion of" kurogo" in Kabuki theatre, leading to the discussion of (in)visibility of interpreters and their perception of language, culture and communication."
Hell Is a Very Small Place
Author: Jean Casella
Publisher: New Press, The
ISBN: 1620971380
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 241
Book Description
“An unforgettable look at the peculiar horrors and humiliations involved in solitary confinement” from the prisoners who have survived it (New York Review of Books). On any given day, the United States holds more than eighty-thousand people in solitary confinement, a punishment that—beyond fifteen days—has been denounced as a form of cruel and degrading treatment by the UN Special Rapporteur on Torture. Now, in a book that will add a startling new dimension to the debates around human rights and prison reform, former and current prisoners describe the devastating effects of isolation on their minds and bodies, the solidarity expressed between individuals who live side by side for years without ever meeting one another face to face, the ever-present specters of madness and suicide, and the struggle to maintain hope and humanity. As Chelsea Manning wrote from her own solitary confinement cell, “The personal accounts by prisoners are some of the most disturbing that I have ever read.” These firsthand accounts are supplemented by the writing of noted experts, exploring the psychological, legal, ethical, and political dimensions of solitary confinement. “Do we really think it makes sense to lock so many people alone in tiny cells for twenty-three hours a day, for months, sometimes for years at a time? That is not going to make us safer. That’s not going to make us stronger.” —President Barack Obama “Elegant but harrowing.” —San Francisco Chronicle “A potent cry of anguish from men and women buried way down in the hole.” —Kirkus Reviews
Publisher: New Press, The
ISBN: 1620971380
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 241
Book Description
“An unforgettable look at the peculiar horrors and humiliations involved in solitary confinement” from the prisoners who have survived it (New York Review of Books). On any given day, the United States holds more than eighty-thousand people in solitary confinement, a punishment that—beyond fifteen days—has been denounced as a form of cruel and degrading treatment by the UN Special Rapporteur on Torture. Now, in a book that will add a startling new dimension to the debates around human rights and prison reform, former and current prisoners describe the devastating effects of isolation on their minds and bodies, the solidarity expressed between individuals who live side by side for years without ever meeting one another face to face, the ever-present specters of madness and suicide, and the struggle to maintain hope and humanity. As Chelsea Manning wrote from her own solitary confinement cell, “The personal accounts by prisoners are some of the most disturbing that I have ever read.” These firsthand accounts are supplemented by the writing of noted experts, exploring the psychological, legal, ethical, and political dimensions of solitary confinement. “Do we really think it makes sense to lock so many people alone in tiny cells for twenty-three hours a day, for months, sometimes for years at a time? That is not going to make us safer. That’s not going to make us stronger.” —President Barack Obama “Elegant but harrowing.” —San Francisco Chronicle “A potent cry of anguish from men and women buried way down in the hole.” —Kirkus Reviews
The Bukavu Series
Author: Aymar Nyenyezi
Publisher: Presses universitaires de Louvain
ISBN: 2390610048
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 146
Book Description
They are qualified, experienced, motivated, academically accomplished. They work tirelessly, collecting invaluable data in the field under conditions that are always challenging, and at times dangerous. And yet, their voices are unheard, and their names go unacknowledged in published research. Such is the lot of far too many research assistants from the Global South – people upon whose work an entire industry of knowledge production has been built. They are shut out of discussions on project design and left in the dark about the modalities of research funding. Later, the results of their research are published in journals to which they often have no access. Much of this is due to a certain omertà surrounding power imbalances, as well as research assistants' working conditions, financial difficulties, psychological traumas, and vulnerabilities. It also stems from the persistence of colonial mentalities in the research world – within universities, governments, foundations, aid institutions, and NGO’s. The Bukavu Series is a vibrant blog series about the experiences of research assistants in the Global South. Driven primarily by these silent voices, the series yields a mosaic depiction of fieldwork that mixes humor, realism, and incisive critique. This book offers a unique entry point into a critical debate, leading us toward concrete reforms, and setting us on the course toward a decolonisation of research.
Publisher: Presses universitaires de Louvain
ISBN: 2390610048
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 146
Book Description
They are qualified, experienced, motivated, academically accomplished. They work tirelessly, collecting invaluable data in the field under conditions that are always challenging, and at times dangerous. And yet, their voices are unheard, and their names go unacknowledged in published research. Such is the lot of far too many research assistants from the Global South – people upon whose work an entire industry of knowledge production has been built. They are shut out of discussions on project design and left in the dark about the modalities of research funding. Later, the results of their research are published in journals to which they often have no access. Much of this is due to a certain omertà surrounding power imbalances, as well as research assistants' working conditions, financial difficulties, psychological traumas, and vulnerabilities. It also stems from the persistence of colonial mentalities in the research world – within universities, governments, foundations, aid institutions, and NGO’s. The Bukavu Series is a vibrant blog series about the experiences of research assistants in the Global South. Driven primarily by these silent voices, the series yields a mosaic depiction of fieldwork that mixes humor, realism, and incisive critique. This book offers a unique entry point into a critical debate, leading us toward concrete reforms, and setting us on the course toward a decolonisation of research.
Student Voice
Author: Michael Lubelfeld
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN: 1475840039
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 168
Book Description
Student Voice: From Invisible to Invaluable is about why and how today’s leaders need to connect with students for success. The premise of this book is that student voice is often invisible and that is possibly why schools have changed little since the 19th Century. From digital citizenship to teacher evaluation, we submit that the voice of students can be and needs to be amplified. The authors wrote this book to help elevate the power and influence of student voice in the transformation and leadership of our schools. The authors provide context that helps frame where education has been, where it stands today, and where the authors propose we go in school leadership. To truly transform, schools leaders in the classroom, principal’s office, and district office need to elevate the voice of the student. There is no greater way to inspire our children than to let them have a say in their own education. We simply cannot create the leaders of tomorrow when we do not let them lead today. This book will provide examples of excellence, stories of success, and practical tips to help you move student voice from invisible to invaluable.
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN: 1475840039
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 168
Book Description
Student Voice: From Invisible to Invaluable is about why and how today’s leaders need to connect with students for success. The premise of this book is that student voice is often invisible and that is possibly why schools have changed little since the 19th Century. From digital citizenship to teacher evaluation, we submit that the voice of students can be and needs to be amplified. The authors wrote this book to help elevate the power and influence of student voice in the transformation and leadership of our schools. The authors provide context that helps frame where education has been, where it stands today, and where the authors propose we go in school leadership. To truly transform, schools leaders in the classroom, principal’s office, and district office need to elevate the voice of the student. There is no greater way to inspire our children than to let them have a say in their own education. We simply cannot create the leaders of tomorrow when we do not let them lead today. This book will provide examples of excellence, stories of success, and practical tips to help you move student voice from invisible to invaluable.
A Man Called Destruction
Author: Holly George-Warren
Publisher: Penguin
ISBN: 0698151429
Category : Biography & Autobiography
Languages : en
Pages : 297
Book Description
The first biography of the artist who “essentially invented indie and alternative rock” (Spin) A brilliant and influential songwriter, vocalist, and guitarist, the charismatic Alex Chilton was more than a rock star—he was a true cult icon. Awardwinning music writer Holly George-Warren’s A Man Called Destruction is the first biography of this enigmatic artist, who died in 2010. Covering Chilton’s life from his early work with the charttopping Box Tops and the seminal power-pop band Big Star to his experiments with punk and roots music and his sprawling solo career, A Man Called Destruction is the story of a musical icon and a richly detailed chronicle of pop music’s evolution, from the mid-1960s through today’s indie rock.
Publisher: Penguin
ISBN: 0698151429
Category : Biography & Autobiography
Languages : en
Pages : 297
Book Description
The first biography of the artist who “essentially invented indie and alternative rock” (Spin) A brilliant and influential songwriter, vocalist, and guitarist, the charismatic Alex Chilton was more than a rock star—he was a true cult icon. Awardwinning music writer Holly George-Warren’s A Man Called Destruction is the first biography of this enigmatic artist, who died in 2010. Covering Chilton’s life from his early work with the charttopping Box Tops and the seminal power-pop band Big Star to his experiments with punk and roots music and his sprawling solo career, A Man Called Destruction is the story of a musical icon and a richly detailed chronicle of pop music’s evolution, from the mid-1960s through today’s indie rock.
Hearing Voices & Deadly Invisible Entities
Author: Prophet Michael
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 154
Book Description
Hearing voices that other people do not is a common phenomenon. The Mental Health Foundation states: "between 5% and 28% of the population hear voices that other people do not. According to my experience and sources, hearing voices is definitely not a hallucination or a mental problem, but rather telepathic hearing.The voices we hear, including music, which nobody else hears, is caused by evil invisible energetic entities that reside among us and can communicate with us and harm us. The entities operate normally in groups of four, but may also operate in groups of ten or multiplications. They may attach to our brains and control our physical activities; they can speak to us, play music to us, they may impersonate GOD and demand that we commit acts opposed to the law. It is vital to spread this information to the public in order to resist them. Humanity is being attacked! The deadly entities can spread diseases. They are capable of murdering human beings in many ways. Science and Medicine are unaware of these energetic invisible devious entities and therefore cannot understand hearing voices that others do not!These entities may deliberately intervene in tests of pharmaceutical companies, and infect part of the subjects in order to disrupt the manufacture of vaccines against diseases. These invisible energetic entities are attacking the Human race in many different ways: They cause and spread diseases, and as a result science and medicine cannot explain the behavior of these diseases or viruses.They Cause heart attacks nerve system overflow, poisoning etc.Additional ways are described in the chapter "Deadly Invisible Entities"The entities feed on sun light and discharge sticky transparent drops. In some occasions they disperse the drops onto a person, a towel or the floor to show their contempt towards the Human race. I wish us all success in realizing that these deadly evil energetic entities indeed exist and in finding ways to identify and destroy them. The evil entities speak various languages. They have been harming Mankind for years. I have been aware of their presence for three years - since 2017. I occasionally perform energetic treatments as a hobby, and in many occasions I detect malicious harm caused by evil entities to innocent people. I myself am being attacked constantly by these beings, since 2017 - hundreds of attacks per day.
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 154
Book Description
Hearing voices that other people do not is a common phenomenon. The Mental Health Foundation states: "between 5% and 28% of the population hear voices that other people do not. According to my experience and sources, hearing voices is definitely not a hallucination or a mental problem, but rather telepathic hearing.The voices we hear, including music, which nobody else hears, is caused by evil invisible energetic entities that reside among us and can communicate with us and harm us. The entities operate normally in groups of four, but may also operate in groups of ten or multiplications. They may attach to our brains and control our physical activities; they can speak to us, play music to us, they may impersonate GOD and demand that we commit acts opposed to the law. It is vital to spread this information to the public in order to resist them. Humanity is being attacked! The deadly entities can spread diseases. They are capable of murdering human beings in many ways. Science and Medicine are unaware of these energetic invisible devious entities and therefore cannot understand hearing voices that others do not!These entities may deliberately intervene in tests of pharmaceutical companies, and infect part of the subjects in order to disrupt the manufacture of vaccines against diseases. These invisible energetic entities are attacking the Human race in many different ways: They cause and spread diseases, and as a result science and medicine cannot explain the behavior of these diseases or viruses.They Cause heart attacks nerve system overflow, poisoning etc.Additional ways are described in the chapter "Deadly Invisible Entities"The entities feed on sun light and discharge sticky transparent drops. In some occasions they disperse the drops onto a person, a towel or the floor to show their contempt towards the Human race. I wish us all success in realizing that these deadly evil energetic entities indeed exist and in finding ways to identify and destroy them. The evil entities speak various languages. They have been harming Mankind for years. I have been aware of their presence for three years - since 2017. I occasionally perform energetic treatments as a hobby, and in many occasions I detect malicious harm caused by evil entities to innocent people. I myself am being attacked constantly by these beings, since 2017 - hundreds of attacks per day.
Invisible
Author: Grace Ji-Sun Kim
Publisher: Augsburg Fortress Publishers
ISBN: 1506470920
Category : Religion
Languages : en
Pages : 188
Book Description
In Invisible, Grace Ji-Sun Kim examines racism, sexism, and xenophobia as she works toward ending Asian American women's invisibility. She proclaims that the histories, experiences, and voices of Asian American women must be rescued from obscurity. Speaking with the weight of a theologian, she powerfully paves the way for a theology of visibility.
Publisher: Augsburg Fortress Publishers
ISBN: 1506470920
Category : Religion
Languages : en
Pages : 188
Book Description
In Invisible, Grace Ji-Sun Kim examines racism, sexism, and xenophobia as she works toward ending Asian American women's invisibility. She proclaims that the histories, experiences, and voices of Asian American women must be rescued from obscurity. Speaking with the weight of a theologian, she powerfully paves the way for a theology of visibility.
The Invisible Life of Addie LaRue
Author: V. E. Schwab
Publisher: Tor Books
ISBN: 0765387581
Category : Fiction
Languages : en
Pages : 484
Book Description
NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER USA TODAY BESTSELLER NATIONAL INDIE BESTSELLER THE WASHINGTON POST BESTSELLER Recommended by Entertainment Weekly, Real Simple, NPR, Slate, and Oprah Magazine #1 Library Reads Pick—October 2020 #1 Indie Next Pick—October 2020 BOOK OF THE YEAR (2020) FINALIST—Book of The Month Club A “Best Of” Book From: Oprah Mag * CNN * Amazon * Amazon Editors * NPR * Goodreads * Bustle * PopSugar * BuzzFeed * Barnes & Noble * Kirkus Reviews * Lambda Literary * Nerdette * The Nerd Daily * Polygon * Library Reads * io9 * Smart Bitches Trashy Books * LiteraryHub * Medium * BookBub * The Mary Sue * Chicago Tribune * NY Daily News * SyFy Wire * Powells.com * Bookish * Book Riot * Library Reads Voter Favorite * In the vein of The Time Traveler’s Wife and Life After Life, The Invisible Life of Addie LaRue is New York Times bestselling author V. E. Schwab’s genre-defying tour de force. A Life No One Will Remember. A Story You Will Never Forget. France, 1714: in a moment of desperation, a young woman makes a Faustian bargain to live forever—and is cursed to be forgotten by everyone she meets. Thus begins the extraordinary life of Addie LaRue, and a dazzling adventure that will play out across centuries and continents, across history and art, as a young woman learns how far she will go to leave her mark on the world. But everything changes when, after nearly 300 years, Addie stumbles across a young man in a hidden bookstore and he remembers her name. Also by V. E. Schwab Shades of Magic A Darker Shade of Magic A Gathering of Shadows A Conjuring of Light Villains Vicious Vengeful At the Publisher's request, this title is being sold without Digital Rights Management Software (DRM) applied.
Publisher: Tor Books
ISBN: 0765387581
Category : Fiction
Languages : en
Pages : 484
Book Description
NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER USA TODAY BESTSELLER NATIONAL INDIE BESTSELLER THE WASHINGTON POST BESTSELLER Recommended by Entertainment Weekly, Real Simple, NPR, Slate, and Oprah Magazine #1 Library Reads Pick—October 2020 #1 Indie Next Pick—October 2020 BOOK OF THE YEAR (2020) FINALIST—Book of The Month Club A “Best Of” Book From: Oprah Mag * CNN * Amazon * Amazon Editors * NPR * Goodreads * Bustle * PopSugar * BuzzFeed * Barnes & Noble * Kirkus Reviews * Lambda Literary * Nerdette * The Nerd Daily * Polygon * Library Reads * io9 * Smart Bitches Trashy Books * LiteraryHub * Medium * BookBub * The Mary Sue * Chicago Tribune * NY Daily News * SyFy Wire * Powells.com * Bookish * Book Riot * Library Reads Voter Favorite * In the vein of The Time Traveler’s Wife and Life After Life, The Invisible Life of Addie LaRue is New York Times bestselling author V. E. Schwab’s genre-defying tour de force. A Life No One Will Remember. A Story You Will Never Forget. France, 1714: in a moment of desperation, a young woman makes a Faustian bargain to live forever—and is cursed to be forgotten by everyone she meets. Thus begins the extraordinary life of Addie LaRue, and a dazzling adventure that will play out across centuries and continents, across history and art, as a young woman learns how far she will go to leave her mark on the world. But everything changes when, after nearly 300 years, Addie stumbles across a young man in a hidden bookstore and he remembers her name. Also by V. E. Schwab Shades of Magic A Darker Shade of Magic A Gathering of Shadows A Conjuring of Light Villains Vicious Vengeful At the Publisher's request, this title is being sold without Digital Rights Management Software (DRM) applied.