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Author: Martin B. Kalinowski
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 0203569334
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 256
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Book Description
Tritium is used by all nuclear weapons states to increase the explosive yield of atomic bombs and to miniaturize them. However, this radioactive material has not yet been put under appropriate international control comparable to the nuclear safeguards applied for plutonium and uranium. It is a neglected material in efforts to control the spread and
Author: Martin B. Kalinowski
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 0203569334
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 256
Get Book Here
Book Description
Tritium is used by all nuclear weapons states to increase the explosive yield of atomic bombs and to miniaturize them. However, this radioactive material has not yet been put under appropriate international control comparable to the nuclear safeguards applied for plutonium and uranium. It is a neglected material in efforts to control the spread and
Author: United States. General Accounting Office
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Export controls
Languages : en
Pages : 28
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Book Description
Author: United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations. Subcommittee on Arms Control, International Organizations, and Security Agreements
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Nuclear disarmament
Languages : en
Pages : 436
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
This report responds to February 8 and March 5, 1990, requests by Reps. Dingell and Markey that the General Accounting Office (GAO) examine the adequacy of existing controls by the Department of Energy (DOE) and the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) on the commercial sales and exports of tritium, a radioactive isotope of hydrogen that can be used to enhance the explosive power of nuclear weapons. The Reprsentatives expressed concern about reported losses of radioactive tritium gas from DOE's Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). Subsequently, GAO met with their offices and agreed to examine the following issues: The promptness and adequacy of DOE's and NRC's investigations into the major tritium discrepancies which occurred in 1988 at 0RNL, including any investigations into the possibility that the tritium might have been stolen or diverted; The weaknesses in the management and operation of the DOE isotope sales program that led to reported tritium discrepancies and the weaknesses in existing material controls over and accounting for tritium; Whether DOE and NRC should reevaluate their positions on the level of controls required for possessing and shipping tritium or the reporting requirements imposed on tritium licensees, including the feasibility and desirability of having NRC include a determination of tritium end use in its inspections of licensees to alleviate concerns that tritium might not be used as intended.
Author: Stockholm International Peace Research Institute
Publisher: Crane Russak, Incorporated
ISBN:
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 260
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Book Description
Author: United States. General Accounting Office
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Export controls
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Author: United States Accounting Office (GAO)
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN: 9781718966628
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 26
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Book Description
Nuclear Nonproliferation: Controls Over the Commercial Sale and Export of Tritium Can Be Improved
Author: Joseph Rotblat
Publisher: Westview Press
ISBN:
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 264
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Book Description
The world total of some 50,000 nuclear warheads is beginning to fall off sharply. It should be well below 10,000 by the year 2000. Should the ultimate target be zero? The idea of a nuclear-weapon-free world (NWFW) was put back on the world agenda by President Gorbachev in 1986. President Reagan also had a vision of a world without nuclear weapons. A number of politicians in the nuclear-weapon countries are beginning to see that such a world could be in their best interests. The disintegration of the Soviet Union and the collapse of the Communist regime have removed the main purpose of existing nuclear arsenals. The threat to world security now comes from nuclear-weapon proliferation, and the only effective way of stopping this is to have an enforceable worldwide ban. The authors - many of whom are experts with long experience in the field of nuclear weapons - seek to answer two key questions regarding the concept of a NWFW: Is it desirable? Is it feasible? They outline what they see as the essential provisions of a NWFW treaty and examine the inevitable problems of enforcement. All stocks of weapon-usable materials - civilian as well as military - would have to be closely monitored and guarded. Any technological or official efforts would have to be supported by "societal verification". That is, it would be the duty of all citizens to notify authorities of any suspected violations. Despite the problems of creating such a treaty and enforcing it, the idea of a truly nuclear-weapon-free world is no longer fanciful. It deserves extensive discussion, and this book provides a solid, informed beginning of the debate.
Author: International Commission on Nuclear Non-proliferation and Disarmament
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781921612145
Category : Nuclear disarmament
Languages : en
Pages : 294
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Book Description
Author: Kenneth D. Bergeron
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 9780262261722
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 252
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Book Description
The dangers of a United States government plan to abandon its fifty-year policy of keeping civilian and military uses of nuclear technology separate. In December 1998, Energy Secretary Bill Richardson announced that the U.S. planned to begin producing tritium for its nuclear weapons in commercial nuclear power plants. This decision overturned a fifty-year policy of keeping civilian and military nuclear production processes separate. Tritium, a radioactive form of hydrogen, is needed to turn A-bombs into H-bombs, and the commercial nuclear power plants that are to be modified to produce tritium are called ice condensers. This book provides an insider's perspective on how Richardson's decision came about, and why it is dangerous. Kenneth Bergeron shows that the new policy is unwise not only because it undermines the U.S. commitment to curb nuclear weapons proliferation but also because it will exacerbate serious safety problems at these commercial power facilities, which are operated by the Tennessee Valley Authority and are among the most marginal in the United States. The Nuclear Regulatory Commission's review of the TVA's request to modify its plants for the new nuclear weapons mission should attract significant attention and opposition. Tritium on Ice is part expose, part history, part science for the lay reader, and part political science. Bergeron's discussion of how the issues of nuclear weapons proliferation and nuclear reactor safety have become intertwined illuminates larger issues about how the federal government does or does not manage technology in the interests of its citizens and calls into question the integrity of government-funded safety assessments in a deregulated economy.
