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Author: D. Vinson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Aluminum clad research reactor spent nuclear fuel (SNF) is currently being consolidated in wet storage basins (pools). Approximately 20 metric tons (heavy metal) of aluminum-based spent nuclear fuel (Al-SNF) is being consolidated for treatment, packaging, interim storage, and preparation for ultimate disposal in a geologic repository. The storage and disposal of Al-SNF are subject to requirements that provide for safety and acceptable radionuclide release. The options studied for interim storage of SNF include wet storage and dry storage. Two options have also been studied to develop the technical basis for the qualification and repository disposal of aluminum spent fuel. The two options studied include Direct Disposal and Melt-Dilute treatment. The implementation of these options present relative benefits and challenges. Both the Direct Disposal and the Melt-Dilute treatment options have been developed and their technical viability assessed. Adaptation of the melt-dilute technology for the treatment of spent fuel offers the benefits of converting the spent fuel into a proliferation resistant form and/or significantly reducing the volume of the spent fuel. A Mobile Melt-Dilute system concept has emerged to realize these benefits and a prototype system developed. The application of the melt-dilute technology for the treatment of legacy nuclear materials has been evaluated and also offers the promise for the safe disposal of these materials.
Author: D. Vinson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Aluminum clad research reactor spent nuclear fuel (SNF) is currently being consolidated in wet storage basins (pools). Approximately 20 metric tons (heavy metal) of aluminum-based spent nuclear fuel (Al-SNF) is being consolidated for treatment, packaging, interim storage, and preparation for ultimate disposal in a geologic repository. The storage and disposal of Al-SNF are subject to requirements that provide for safety and acceptable radionuclide release. The options studied for interim storage of SNF include wet storage and dry storage. Two options have also been studied to develop the technical basis for the qualification and repository disposal of aluminum spent fuel. The two options studied include Direct Disposal and Melt-Dilute treatment. The implementation of these options present relative benefits and challenges. Both the Direct Disposal and the Melt-Dilute treatment options have been developed and their technical viability assessed. Adaptation of the melt-dilute technology for the treatment of spent fuel offers the benefits of converting the spent fuel into a proliferation resistant form and/or significantly reducing the volume of the spent fuel. A Mobile Melt-Dilute system concept has emerged to realize these benefits and a prototype system developed. The application of the melt-dilute technology for the treatment of legacy nuclear materials has been evaluated and also offers the promise for the safe disposal of these materials.
Author: IAEA
Publisher: International Atomic Energy Agency
ISBN: 9201233221
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 139
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Book Description
This publication provides an introduction to the management of research reactor spent nuclear fuel (RRSNF). Five key areas are discussed: types of RRSNF, characterization data, wet storage considerations, dry storage considerations, and lessons learned and current practices. Information on internationally accepted standards as well as information on aspects such as drying treatment and surveillance programmes are presented, as well as suggestions for further optimization of effective and safe storage of RRSNF through the application of new approaches. The intended users of this publication include industry professionals at operating research reactors and at RRSNF storage facilities who need to identify the most suitable approach for interim storage of spent fuel.
Author: Milton Levenson
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309591805
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 240
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Book Description
The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) is preparing an environmental impact statement (EIS) for management of aluminum spent fuel from foreign and domestic research reactors, much of which is highly enriched in uranium-235. This EIS will assess the need for additional treatment and storage facilities at the Savannah River Site to accommodate the receipt of this fuel, and it also will assess and select a treatment technology to prepare this fuel for interim storage and eventual shipment to a repository for disposal. This National Research Council book, which was prepared at the request of DOE's Savannah River Office, provides a technical assessment of the technologies, costs, and schedules developed by DOE for eight alternative treatment options and the baseline reprocessing option. It also provides comments on DOE's aluminum spent fuel disposal program, a program that is slated to last for about 40 years and cost in excess of $2 billion.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309087244
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 153
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Book Description
End Points for spent Nuclear Fuel and High-Level Radioactive Waste in Russian and the United States provides an analysis of the management of spent nuclear fuel and high-level radioactive waste in Russia and the United States, describing inventories, comparing approaches, and assessing the end-point options for storage and disposal of materials and wastes. The authoring committee finds that despite differences in philosophy about nuclear fuel cycles, Russia and the United States need similar kinds of facilities and face similar challenges, although in Russia many of the problems are worse and funding is less available. This book contains recommendations for immediate and near-term actions, for example, protecting and stabilizing materials that are security and safety hazards, actions for the longer term, such as developing more interim storage capacity and studying effects of deep injection, and areas for collaboration.
Author: IAEA
Publisher: International Atomic Energy Agency
ISBN: 9201202210
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 147
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Book Description
This publication, resulting from an IAEA coordinated research project (CRP), provides information about available strategies for research reactor spent fuel management, and presents a decision methodology to assist those selecting among several options, to identify the preferred approach for their specific situation. The decision support tools were developed to consider not only the cost of the possible research reactor spent fuel management strategies, but also the non-economic factors that might influence their selection. Examples of the technologies that are currently used by some IAEA Member States are provided. Additionally, this publication provides information about the Excel based decision-support tools developed as part of this CRP, along with case studies and tutorials to assist users.
Author: OECD Nuclear Energy Agency. Working Group on Spent Fuel Management
Publisher: Nuclear Energy Agency, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development ; [Washington, D.C. : OECD Publications and Information Centre
ISBN:
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 120
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Book Description
Author: Nicholas Tsoulfanidis
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780894484605
Category : Nuclear energy
Languages : en
Pages : 463
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 224
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Book Description
This guidebook is a revised version of Technical Reports Series No. 240, published in 1984. It provides a summary of the experience and information in many areas related to spent fuel storage. It will allow a better understanding of the many problems involved and permit countries that are planning for or operating nuclear power reactors to review the issues in a more informative manner. In view of the large quantity of spent fuel discharged from nuclear power plants, long term storage is currently the primary option for the management of spent fuel. The proven wet storage concept is expected to continue to be used in the future. The design and the technological, economic and material problems of safe spent fuel storage will remain a focus of attention, with particular emphasis on dry storage technology, rod consolidation and other advanced concepts.
Author: Patricia M. Dinneen
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 84
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Highly radioactive spent fuel has been accumulating in pools of water at commercial reactors since the early years of the U.S. nuclear power industry. Originally it was expected that spent fuel would be removed from reactor sites to be dissolved in reprocessing plants to extract uranium and plutonium for use in new fuel. When the United States abandoned commercial reprocessing in the mid-1970s, a new policy had to be developed for spent fuel disposal. The result was the Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1982 (NWPA), which required the Department of Energy (DOE) to develop a permanent underground repository for spent nuclear fuel by January 1998. The multibillion-dollar cost of the program was to be covered by a fee on nuclear power. Development of such a repository has fallen years behind schedule. DOE, which is investigating a proposed repository site at Yucca Mountain in Nevada, does not expect to be able to begin taking waste from reactor sites before 2010. NWPA currently forbids DOE from building an interim storage facility for spent fuel until construction of a permanent repository is licensed. As a result, nuclear power plants may have to store spent fuel much longer than originally planned. By the end of the decade, according to DOE, about a third of the nationâ€TMs commercial reactors will need additional storage capacity to supplement their spent fuel pools. Such additional capacity would probably be in the form of dry storage facilities, which are more efficient and less costly than spent fuel pools. Nuclear utilities and state regulators are urging Congress to authorize construction of an interim spent fuel storage facility near the Nevada repository site that could begin receiving waste as soon as possible after 1998. Supporters of that plan contend that storage at reactor sites should be minimized because of concerns about safety, costs, public controversy, and the future of nuclear power. They maintain also that DOE faces legal sanctions under NWPA if waste is not taken from reactor sites by 1998. Opponents counter that continued storage at reactor sites would be less expensive than building a central storage facility and would reduce unnecessary transportation risks. Alternatives to federal interim storage that might be considered include measures to mitigate the problems with long-term storage at reactor sites, such as reducing the nuclear waste fees paid by nuclear utilities and eliminating regulatory obstacles to the expansion of on-site storage capacity. Private central storage facilities have also been proposed; a utility consortium has applied for a license for such a facility on the Utah reservation of the Skull Valley Band of Goshutes. Another option that has been suggested is overseas storage and reprocessing of some U.S. commercial spent fuel.
