Interactions of Colloidal Particles with Simple Electrolytes and Polyelectrolytes PDF Download
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Author: Michal Skarba
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 142
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Book Description
Les interactions des particules colloïdales avec des espèces chargées ont été étudiées par des méthodes de diffusion de la lumière et des méthodes électrochimiques. Une étude sur l'agrégation et le comportement de l'accumulation de la charge des particules colloïdales de silice révèle un comportement qui est quantitativement en accord avec la théorie DLVO. Nous avons étendu cette dernière étude aussi en présence de simples électrolytes divalents. La structure de la couche de polyélectrolytes qui sont absorbés a été étudiée par la méthode de la diffusion de lumière dynamique et par celle de la diffusion de neutrons à bas angle d'incidence. Finalement, nous avons étudié les interactions entre les particules colloïdales et d'autres types de particules à charge opposée. Les valeurs de taux d'agrégation ont été mesurées par les méthodes de diffusion de lumières statique et dynamique en présence d'homo-agrégation.
Author: Michal Skarba
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 142
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Book Description
Les interactions des particules colloïdales avec des espèces chargées ont été étudiées par des méthodes de diffusion de la lumière et des méthodes électrochimiques. Une étude sur l'agrégation et le comportement de l'accumulation de la charge des particules colloïdales de silice révèle un comportement qui est quantitativement en accord avec la théorie DLVO. Nous avons étendu cette dernière étude aussi en présence de simples électrolytes divalents. La structure de la couche de polyélectrolytes qui sont absorbés a été étudiée par la méthode de la diffusion de lumière dynamique et par celle de la diffusion de neutrons à bas angle d'incidence. Finalement, nous avons étudié les interactions entre les particules colloïdales et d'autres types de particules à charge opposée. Les valeurs de taux d'agrégation ont été mesurées par les méthodes de diffusion de lumières statique et dynamique en présence d'homo-agrégation.
Author: Amin Sadeghpour Dilmaghani
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 122
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Book Description
Author: William W. Shuster
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 60
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Book Description
An extensive review has been made of the literature in connection with the use of polyelectrolytes in the removal of colloidal particles from water and wastewater by mechanisms of filtration. Pertinent literature on the nature of colloidal materials and current theory related to particle interactions and coagulation has been briefly reviewed. Present thought on the physical aspects and the chemical aspects of filtration has been considered. References related to the characterization and behavior of multi-media filters as well as single media filters were included in this work. Particular attention was directed to the review and evaluation of articles related to specific applications of the use of polyelectrolytes in water treatment, and in domestic and industrial wastewater treatment.
Author: Tsetska Radeva
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9780824704636
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 910
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Book Description
An examination of the fundamental nature of polyelectrolytes, static and dynamic properties of salt-free and salt-added solutions, and interactions with other charged and neutral species at interfaces with applications to industry and medicine. It applies the Metropolis Monte Carlo simulation to calculate counterion distributions, electric potentials, and fluctuation of counterion polarization for model DNA fragments.
Author: Visakh P. M.
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319016806
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 388
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Book Description
This book offers a valuable reference source to graduate and post graduate students, engineering students, research scholars polymer engineers from industry. The book provides the reader with current developments of theoretical models describing the thermodynamics polyelectrolytes as well as experimental findings. A particular emphasis is put on the rheological description of polyelectrolyte solutions and hydrogels.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 199
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Book Description
The main thread-line connecting the different parts of this dissertation is various non-double layer interactions present in the colloidal system. The first chapter is a general introduction to the double layer and non-double layer interactions. In chapter 2 and 3, the double layer and hydration interactions have been coupled into a single set of equations because both are dependent on the polarization of the water molecules. The coupled equations involve the electric fields generated by the surface charge and surface dipoles, as well as the field due to the neighboring dipoles in water. The obtained equations were employed to explain the restabilization observed experimentally at large ionic strengths for colloidal particles on which protein molecules were adsorbed. In chapter 4, a general expression for the force generated between the two charged plates immersed in an electrolyte solution containing relatively small charged particles was derived based on Langmuir's approach. For charged plates immersed in a solution of an electrolyte and charged small particles, the effects of particle charge, particle charge sign, particle size and volume fraction of the particles on the force acting between the two plates were examined. In chapter 5, a cell model was proposed to examine the behavior of a dispersion of large particles immersed in an electrolyte solution containing small particles. chapter 6, two-dimensional Poisson-Boltzmann equation was solved to calculate the double layer interactions between two plates grafted polyelectrolyte. In chapter 7, a lower dielectric constant in the polymer adsorption layer is suggested The hairy adsorption layer can have a long range effect on the repulsive double layer interactions. In chapter 8, the bridging force induced by polyelectrolyte was investigated by using a self-consistent-field approach which takes into account the van der Waals interactions between the segments of the polyelectrolyte molecules and the plates, as well as the electrostatic and volume exclusion interactions. A positive contribution to the force between two plates is generated by the van der Waals interactions between the segments and the plates.
Author: Nicholas V. Sushkin
Publisher: Universal-Publishers
ISBN: 1581120087
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 155
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Book Description
The electrostatic interaction between two charged spheres in the presence of a screening electrolyte is calculated at the level of the linearized Debye-Hückel theory. The calculation is performed analytically as a multipole expansion by applying two-center spherical harmonic expansions and symbolic manipulation methods. I focus on charge-charge and charge-induced dipole interactions, calculated for two spheres of possibly unequal size. The former interaction is given to good approximation by the familiar Debye-Hückel form q1q2exp[-k(R-2a)]/[(epsilon*r(1]ka)^2]. The new results are the charge-induced dipole interactions. Physically, these terms arise from two sources: (i) surface polarization charge at the surface of each sphere, and (ii) exclusion of the counterion cloud of each sphere from the volume occupied by the other sphere. With parameters appropriate for micelles, the charge-induced dipole interactions dominate the charge-charge interaction at small separations. Quasi-elastic light scattering measurements of the diffusion of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) micelles in aqueous solutions, and the diffusion of mesoscopic optical probes through the same solutions, were carried out at 35°C and multiple solvent ionic strengths. Assuming a spherical micelle, I deduced the micelle radius, aggregation number, charge, and hydration from nonlinear least-squares fits to both probe and mutual diffusion data. For SDS micelles the charge that I find is lower than reported in the literature [Hayter, J. B.; Penfold, J. Colloid & Polymer Science 1983, 261, 1022; Triolo, R.; Caponetti, E.; Graziano, V. J. Phys. Chem. 1985, 89, 5743.] because I used an improved functional form of the micellar electrostatic interaction. I find a smaller aggregation number and a larger micellar hydration than literature values. My analysis of CTAB data implies extensive micellar growth, and failure of the spherical micelle assumption.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Abstract: In this work, we explore the statistical physics of colloidal particles that interact with electrolytes via ion-specific interactions. Firstly we study particles interacting weakly with electrolyte using linear response theory. We find that the mean potential around a particle is linearly determined by the effective charge distribution of the particle, which depends both on the bare charge distribution and on ion-specific interactions. We also discuss the effective interaction between two such particles and show that, in the far field regime, it is bilinear in the effective charge distributions of two particles. We subsequently generalize the above results to the more complicated case where particles interact strongly with the electrolyte. Our results indicate that in order to understand the statistical physics of non-dilute electrolytes, both ion-specific interactions and ionic correlations have to be addressed in a single unified and consistent framework.
Author: Martin Müller
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 364240734X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 236
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Book Description
Advances in Polymer Science enjoys a longstanding tradition and good reputation in its community. Each volume is dedicated to a current topic, and each review critically surveys one aspect of that topic, to place it within the context of the volume. The volumes typically summarize the significant developments of the last 5 to 10 years and discuss them critically, presenting selected examples, explaining and illustrating the important principles, and bringing together many important references of primary literature. On that basis, future research directions in the area can be discussed. Advances in Polymer Science volumes thus are important references for every polymer scientist, as well as for other scientists interested in polymer science - as an introduction to a neighboring field, or as a compilation of detailed information for the specialist.
Author: S. Durand-Vidal
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9781402004063
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 364
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Book Description
The aim of this book is to provide the reader with a modern presentation of ionic solutions at interfaces, for physical chemists, chemists and theoretically oriented experimentalists in this field. The discussion is mainly on the structural and thermodynamic properties, in relation to presently available statistical mechanical models. Some dynamic properties are also presented, at a more phenomenological level. The initial chapters are devoted to the presentation of some basic concepts for bulk properties: hydrodynamic interactions, electrostatics, van der Waals forces and thermodynamics of ionic solutions in the framework of a particular model: the mean spherical approximation (MSA). Specific features of interfaces are then discussed: experimental techniques such as in-situ X-ray diffraction, STM and AFM microscopy are described. Ions at liquid/air, liquid/metal and liquid/liquid interfaces are considered from the experimental and theoretical viewpoint. Lastly some dynamic (transport) properties are included, namely the self-diffusion and conductance of small colloids (polyelectrolytes and micelles) and the kinetics of solute transfer at free liquid/liquid interfaces.
