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Author: Egidio Ragonese
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1420088459
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 172
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Book Description
With the ability to improve performance, reduce fabrication costs, and increase integration levels of both RX and TX sections of the RF/mm-wave front-end, passive inductive components have experienced extraordinary growth in ICs. Therefore, a fundamental understanding of monolithic inductors and transformers has become essential for all process eng
Author: Egidio Ragonese
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1420088459
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 172
Get Book Here
Book Description
With the ability to improve performance, reduce fabrication costs, and increase integration levels of both RX and TX sections of the RF/mm-wave front-end, passive inductive components have experienced extraordinary growth in ICs. Therefore, a fundamental understanding of monolithic inductors and transformers has become essential for all process eng
Author: Ali M. Niknejad
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0306470381
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 193
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Book Description
The modern wireless communication industry has put great demands on circuit designers for smaller, cheaper transceivers in the gigahertz frequency range. One tool which has assisted designers in satisfying these requirements is the use of on-chip inductiveelements (inductors and transformers) in silicon (Si) radio-frequency (RF) integrated circuits (ICs). These elements allow greatly improved levels of performance in Si monolithic low-noise amplifiers, power amplifiers, up-conversion and down-conversion mixers and local oscillators. Inductors can be used to improve the intermodulation distortion performance and noise figure of small-signal amplifiers and mixers. In addition, the gain of amplifier stages can be enhanced and the realization of low-cost on-chip local oscillators with good phase noise characteristics is made feasible. In order to reap these benefits, it is essential that the IC designer be able to predict and optimize the characteristics of on-chip inductiveelements. Accurate knowledge of inductance values, quality factor (Q) and the influence of ad- cent elements (on-chip proximity effects) and substrate losses is essential. In this book the analysis, modeling and application of on-chip inductive elements is considered. Using analyses based on Maxwells equations, an accurate and efficient technique is developed to model these elements over a wide frequency range. Energy loss to the conductive substrate is modeled through several mechanisms, including electrically induced displacement and conductive c- rents and by magnetically induced eddy currents. These techniques have been compiled in a user-friendly software tool ASITIC (Analysis and Simulation of Inductors and Transformers for Integrated Circuits).
Author: W.G. Hurley
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118544676
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 374
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Book Description
Based on the fundamentals of electromagnetics, this clear and concise text explains basic and applied principles of transformer and inductor design for power electronic applications. It details both the theory and practice of inductors and transformers employed to filter currents, store electromagnetic energy, provide physical isolation between circuits, and perform stepping up and down of DC and AC voltages. The authors present a broad range of applications from modern power conversion systems. They provide rigorous design guidelines based on a robust methodology for inductor and transformer design. They offer real design examples, informed by proven and working field examples. Key features include: emphasis on high frequency design, including optimisation of the winding layout and treatment of non-sinusoidal waveforms a chapter on planar magnetic with analytical models and descriptions of the processing technologies analysis of the role of variable inductors, and their applications for power factor correction and solar power unique coverage on the measurements of inductance and transformer capacitance, as well as tests for core losses at high frequency worked examples in MATLAB, end-of-chapter problems, and an accompanying website containing solutions, a full set of instructors’ presentations, and copies of all the figures. Covering the basics of the magnetic components of power electronic converters, this book is a comprehensive reference for students and professional engineers dealing with specialised inductor and transformer design. It is especially useful for senior undergraduate and graduate students in electrical engineering and electrical energy systems, and engineers working with power supplies and energy conversion systems who want to update their knowledge on a field that has progressed considerably in recent years.
Author: Yuan Gao
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electric inductors
Languages : en
Pages : 116
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Book Description
As one of the three fundamental components for electronic circuits, inductors have been extensively used in a variety of applications such as power delivery, voltage regulation, microwave and RF (radio-frequency) integrated circuits. A lot of research was implemented to achieve high inductance density, low resistance and high quality factor. Compact inductors with high quality factor in radio frequency (RF) applications are of great interest nowadays. Most of the integrated inductors in RF integrated circuits (RFICs) consist of a spiral geometry without magnetic material and show inductances ranging between 1 and 10nH with low quality factors of 10. These spiral inductors typically have a low inductance areal density, which leads to large inductor area and strong electromagnetic interference that limit the RFIC performance. Increased inductance density and/or quality factor can be achieved using a magnetic material as the inductor core. However, the large loss tangent of these thick metallic magnetic thin films at MHz or GHz frequencies severely limited any quality factor enhancement to 100 MHz or less. It has been challenging to achieve simultaneous enhanced inductance and quality factor at RFs, particularly for GHz frequencies. On the other hand, the still growing demand to integrate more applications in mobile communication terminals comes along with the need to cover an increasingly larger frequency band, as these services are subjected to different standards. Electronic tunability becomes a main research issue since this will allow reducing the number of components in the terminal. Voltage tunable capacitors have been widely used in many different circuit applications. However, voltage tunable inductors have not been readily available, which severely limits their applications and the achievable tunable RF frequency range of LC tank circuits. The goals of this dissertation are designing and fabricating magnetic inductors with characteristic high quality factor and high tunability potential by E-field on Si substrate. The research work includes three parts which are summarized below. Firstly, integrated RF inductors with high quality factor have been designed, fabricated, measured and analyzed. In this part, the details of magnetic material selection will be discussed and multilayer FeGaB/Al2O3 films have been finally employed because of the demonstrated eddy-current loss reduction, lower out of plane anisotropy and higher permeability in comparison with a single FeGaB layer with the same thickness. Two model analysis about solenoid inductors that are useful for parameter determination have been presented followed by design matrix with over 20 different sets of dimensions. The fabricated inductors exhibit excellent high-frequency performance with a wide operation frequency range of DC-2.5GHz, in which the inductance of the integrated magnetic inductors show 100% enhancement compared with that of the same size air core inductor, as well as a high quality factor of over 20, showing great promise for RFIC applications. Secondly, based on the fabricated high Q inductors, a new type of tunable RF multiferroic inductors have been made on 0.5mm thick ferroelectric (011) cut lead magnetsium niobate - lead titanate (PMN-PT) slab. Under an applied voltage on the PMN-PT heterostructure, the inductance and quality factor can be both tuned through a strain mediated magnetoelectric coupling due to the change of E-field. By using this phenomena and removing back side Si of our devices to enhance magnetoelectric coupling between PMNPT and magnetic layer we have been able to show more than 100% tunability in frequency of GHz. DRIE inducing giant E-field tenability of magnetism and narrow linewidth in multiferroic laminates will also be discussed in detail. Last but not least, with the same magnetic material and fabrication process, we present a micromachined implementation of embedded magnetic solenoid transformers with high quality factor (Q) and low insertion loss. Transformers with excellent performance have been demonstrated, including a high quality factor of 14, flat inductance across a wide frequency range of 0.5–5 GHz, as well as high mutual coupling and low insertion loss, which make them great potential candidates for RFIC applications.
Author: Marian K. Kazimierczuk
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119964911
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 510
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Book Description
If you are looking for a complete study of the fundamental concepts in magnetic theory, read this book. No other textbook covers magnetic components of inductors and transformers for high-frequency applications in detail. This unique text examines design techniques of the major types of inductors and transformers used for a wide variety of high-frequency applications including switching-mode power supplies (SMPS) and resonant circuits. It describes skin effect and proximity effect in detail to provide you with a sound understanding of high-frequency phenomena. As well as this, you will discover thorough coverage on: integrated inductors and the self-capacitance of inductors and transformers, with expressions for self-capacitances in magnetic components; criteria for selecting the core material, as well as core shape and size, and an evaluation of soft ferromagnetic materials used for magnetic cores; winding resistance at high frequencies; expressions for winding and core power losses when non-sinusoidal inductor or transformer current waveforms contain harmonics. Case studies, practical design examples and procedures (using the area product method and the geometry coefficient method) are expertly combined with concept-orientated explanations and student-friendly analysis. Supplied at the end of each chapter are summaries of the key concepts, review questions, and problems, the answers to which are available in a separate solutions manual. Such features make this a fantastic textbook for graduates, senior level undergraduates and professors in the area of power electronics in addition to electrical and computer engineering. This is also an inimitable reference guide for design engineers of power electronics circuits, high-frequency transformers and inductors in areas such as (SMPS) and RF power amplifiers and circuits.
Author: Tony Yeung
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electronic inductors
Languages : en
Pages : 160
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Book Description
Author: Colonel Wm. T. McLyman
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9780203913598
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 564
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Book Description
Extensively revised and expanded to present the state-of-the-art in the field of magnetic design, this third edition presents a practical approach to transformer and inductor design and covers extensively essential topics such as the area product, Ap, and core geometry, Kg. The book provides complete information on magnetic materials and core characteristics using step-by-step design examples and presents all the key components for the design of lightweight, high-frequency aerospace transformers or low-frequency commercial transformers. Written by a specialist with more than 47 years of experience in the field, this volume covers magnetic design theory with all of the relevant formulas.
Author: Vencislav Cekov Valchev
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 142002728X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 478
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Book Description
Although they are some of the main components in the design of power electronic converters, the design of inductors and transformers is often still a trial-and-error process due to a long working-in time for these components. Inductors and Transformers for Power Electronics takes the guesswork out of the design and testing of these systems and provides a broad overview of all aspects of design. Inductors and Transformers for Power Electronics uses classical methods and numerical tools such as the finite element method to provide an overview of the basics and technological aspects of design. The authors present a fast approximation method useful in the early design as well as a more detailed analysis. They address design aspects such as the magnetic core and winding, eddy currents, insulation, thermal design, parasitic effects, and measurements. The text contains suggestions for improving designs in specific cases, models of thermal behavior with various levels of complexity, and several loss and thermal measurement techniques. This book offers in a single reference a concise representation of the large body of literature on the subject and supplies tools that designers desperately need to improve the accuracy and performance of their designs by eliminating trial-and-error.
Author: Colonel Wm. T. McLyman
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1439836884
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 667
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Book Description
With its practical approach to design, Transformer and Inductor Design Handbook, Fourth Edition distinguishes itself from other books by presenting information and guidance that is shaped primarily by the user’s needs and point of view. Expanded and revised to address recent industry developments, the fourth edition of this classic reference is re-organized and improved, again serving as a constant aid for anyone seeking to apply the state of the art in transformer and inductor design. Carefully considering key factors such as overall system weight, power conversion efficiency, and cost, the author introduces his own new equation for the power handling ability of the core, intended to give engineers faster and tighter design control. The book begins by providing the basic fundamentals of magnetics, followed by an explanation of design using the Kg or Ap techniques. It also covers subjects such as laminations, tape cores, powder cores and ferrites, and iron alloys. In addition, new topics include: Autotransformer design Common-mode inductor design Series saturable reactor design Self-saturating magnetic amplifier Designing inductors for a given resistance With the goal of making inductors that are lighter and smaller but still meet requirements, this book helps users avoid many antiquated rules of thumb, to achieve a better, more economical design. Presenting transformer design examples with step-by-step directions and numerous tables and graphics for comparison, it remains a trusted guide for the engineers, technicians, and other professionals who design and evaluate transformers and inductors. It also serves as an ideal primer for students, illustrating the field for them from the ground up.
Author: Genemala Haobijam
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 813221515X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 116
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Book Description
The book addresses the critical challenges faced by the ever-expanding wireless communication market and the increasing frequency of operation due to continuous innovation of high performance integrated passive devices. The challenges like low quality factor, design complexity, manufacturability, processing cost, etc., are studied with examples and specifics. Silicon on-chip inductor was first reported in 1990 by Nguyen and Meyer in a 0.8 μm silicon bipolar complementary metal oxide semiconductor technology (BiCMOS). Since then, there has been an enormous progress in the research on the performance trends, design and optimization, modeling, quality factor enhancement techniques, etc., of spiral inductors and significant results are reported in literature for various applications. This book introduces an efficient method of determining the optimized layout of on chip spiral inductor. The important fundamental tradeoffs of the design like quality factor and area, quality factor and inductance, quality factor and operating frequency, maximum quality factor and the peak frequency is also explored. The authors proposed an algorithm for accurate design and optimization of spiral inductors using a 3D electromagnetic simulator with minimum number of inductor structure simulations and thereby reducing its long computation time. A new multilayer pyramidal symmetric inductor structure is also proposed in this book. Being multilevel, the proposed inductor achieves high inductance to area ratio and hence occupies smaller silicon area.
