Inequality, Crime, and Health among African American Males PDF Download
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Author: Marino A. Bruce
Publisher: Emerald Group Publishing
ISBN: 1787148890
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 244
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Book Description
In this volume, authors draw from theoretical and methodological frameworks in the health, social and behavioral sciences to illustrate how poor outcomes among individuals and communities can be linked to the interplay of multiple factors operating at various levels.
Author: Marino A. Bruce
Publisher: Emerald Group Publishing
ISBN: 1787148890
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 244
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Book Description
In this volume, authors draw from theoretical and methodological frameworks in the health, social and behavioral sciences to illustrate how poor outcomes among individuals and communities can be linked to the interplay of multiple factors operating at various levels.
Author: Eric C. Schneider
Publisher: University of Pennsylvania Press
ISBN: 0812252489
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 168
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Book Description
Like so many big cities in the United States, Philadelphia has suffered from a strikingly high murder rate over the past fifty years. Such tragic loss of life, as Eric C. Schneider demonstrates, does not occur randomly throughout the city; rather, murders have been racialized and spatialized, concentrated in the low-income African American populations living within particular neighborhoods. In The Ecology of Homicide, Schneider tracks the history of murder in Philadelphia during a critical period from World War II until the early 1980s, focusing on the years leading up to and immediately following the 1966 Miranda Supreme Court decision and the shift to easier gun access and the resulting spike in violence that followed. Examining the transcripts of nearly two hundred murder trials, The Ecology of Homicide presents the voices of victims and perpetrators of crime, as well as the enforcers of the law—using, to an unprecedented degree, the words of the people who were actually involved. In Schneider's hands, their perspectives produce an intimate record of what was happening on the streets of Philadelphia in the decades from 1940 until 1980, describing how race factored into everyday life, how corrosive crime was to the larger community, how the law intersected with every action of everyone involved, and, most critically, how individuals saw themselves and others. Schneider traces the ways in which low-income African American neighborhoods became ever more dangerous for those who lived there as the combined effects of concentrated poverty, economic disinvestment, and misguided policy accumulated to sustain and deepen what he calls an "ecology of violence," bound in place over time. Covering topics including gender, urban redevelopment, community involvement, children, and gangs, as well as the impact of violence perpetrated by and against police, The Ecology of Homicide is a powerful link between urban history and the contemporary city.
Author: Jason M. Williams
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1315521997
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 208
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Book Description
Relying on a multidisciplinary framework of inquiry and critical perspective, this edited volume addresses the unique experiences of Black males within various stages of contact in the criminal justice system. It provides a comprehensive overview of the administration of justice, mental and physical health issues faced by Black males, and reintegration into society after system involvement. Recent events—including but by no means limited to the shootings of unarmed Black men by police in Ferguson, Missouri; Baltimore; Minneapolis; and Chicago—have highlighted the disproportionate likelihood of young Black males to encounter the criminal justice system. Black Males and the Criminal Justice System provides a theoretical and empirical review of the need for an intersectional understanding of Black male experiences and outcomes within the criminal justice system. The intersectional approach, which posits that outcomes of societal experiences are determined by the way the interconnected identities of individuals are perceived and responded to by others, is key to recognizing the various forms of oppression that Black males experience, and the impact these experiences have on them and their families. This book is intended for students and scholars in criminology, criminal justice, sociology, race/ethnic studies, legal studies, psychology, and African American Studies, and will serve as a reference for researchers who wish to utilize a progressive theoretical approach to study social control, policing, and the criminal justice system.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309452961
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 583
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Book Description
In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.
Author: King, Bonnie C.
Publisher: IGI Global
ISBN: 1799800245
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 405
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Book Description
It is essential for counselors and counseling professionals to understand the impact of their personal biases and how these biases can impact the counseling process, in addition to respecting and honoring the beliefs of their clients. Communication and the sharing of experiences between counsellors is an effective strategy for perfecting methods to identify and address these biases. Cases on Cross-Cultural Counseling Strategies is a comprehensive research book that explores creative healing approaches used by counselors working with diverse clients in a variety of geographical locations, developmental levels, and complex and varied identities. Each case study applies the Multicultural and Social Justice Counseling Competencies (MSJCCs) to the counseling relationship and looks at unique aspects of the client’s identity, specific approaches taken by the counselor, and the outcomes of the counseling relationship. Featuring a broad range of topics such as higher education, international counseling, and gender bias in counseling, this book is ideal for counselors, therapists, psychologists, counselor educators, graduate students, practitioners, academicians, and researchers.
Author: Bernadowski, Carianne
Publisher: IGI Global
ISBN: 1799874753
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 335
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Book Description
Twenty-first century classrooms are diverse in nature and everchanging. Students enter classrooms with many experiences, both positive and negative, that influence and affect their ability to learn. More specifically, children who have experienced trauma often struggle socially, emotionally, and academically. Unfortunately, many educators are not adequately trained to identify the signs of trauma in children. In fact, they may misinterpret the outward behavioral manifestations of trauma as other conduct disorders. Strategies and Methods for Implementing Trauma-Informed Pedagogy is a critical reference book that helps teachers and administrators identify manifestations of trauma in children and explain the characteristics and classroom interventions and resources that can aid educators in supporting students who have experienced trauma. This text explains the effects of trauma and the ways in which it manifests in children, explores resources and community options to support children who have experienced trauma, presents strategies to help students who have experienced trauma to learn in the classroom, and teaches the management of behaviors in positive ways to cultivate a community of learners. Covering topics such as positive behavioral interventions and supports (PBIS), racial trauma, and student classroom behavior, this text is essential for classroom teachers, teachers in training, school counselors, school psychologists, preservice teachers, administrators, researchers, and academicians.
Author: Robert K. Beshara
Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing
ISBN: 1527528871
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 203
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Book Description
This book, which includes a foreword by Tommy Curry, is a theoretical biography of Ye. It particularly focuses on the 5-year period from 2016 to 2021 (the Shaky-Ass Years) in an effort to think psychoanalytically about his complex subjectivity, his struggle with manic-depression, the thin line between the personal and the political when it comes to celebrity culture, and, of course, his aesthetic productions – be they in the form of music, video, or fashion – which the author regards as also being ethical and political projects/objects. The book takes what Ye says seriously, as opposed to dismissing him through the use of stigmatizing terms. The author specifically aligned his desire with Donda’s in an attempt to see him from her point of view – that is, through the legacy of unconditional love.
Author: Douglas J. Flowe
Publisher: UNC Press Books
ISBN: 1469655748
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 333
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Book Description
Early twentieth-century African American men in northern urban centers like New York faced economic isolation, segregation, a biased criminal justice system, and overt racial attacks by police and citizens. In this book, Douglas J. Flowe interrogates the meaning of crime and violence in the lives of these men, whose lawful conduct itself was often surveilled and criminalized, by focusing on what their actions and behaviors represented to them. He narrates the stories of men who sought profits in underground markets, protected themselves when law enforcement failed to do so, and exerted control over public, commercial, and domestic spaces through force in a city that denied their claims to citizenship and manhood. Flowe furthermore traces how the features of urban Jim Crow and the efforts of civic and progressive leaders to restrict their autonomy ultimately produced the circumstances under which illegality became a form of resistance. Drawing from voluminous prison and arrest records, trial transcripts, personal letters and documents, and investigative reports, Flowe opens up new ways of understanding the black struggle for freedom in the twentieth century. By uncovering the relationship between the fight for civil rights, black constructions of masculinity, and lawlessness, he offers a stirring account of how working-class black men employed extralegal methods to address racial injustice.
Author: Brian N. Williams
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1108968058
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 175
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Book Description
I can't breathe ... a haunting phrase moaned at the intersection of past and present, serving as an audible supplement to the visual evidence to yet another collision of race and policing. This phrase reflects the current state of police-community relations in the United States. But, what lies on the other side of now? This Element examines this salient question in the context of excessive use of force and through the lenses of race, policing and public governance. We draw upon extant research and scholarship on representative bureaucracy, public engagement in the co-creation of public polices and the co-production of public services, and the emerging findings from studies in network science, coupled with insights from elite interviews, to offer implications for future research, the profession of policing, the public policymaking process, public management, and post-secondary institutions.
Author: Bruce Western
Publisher: Russell Sage Foundation
ISBN: 1610445554
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 262
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Book Description
Over the last thirty years, the prison population in the United States has increased more than seven-fold to over two million people, including vastly disproportionate numbers of minorities and people with little education. For some racial and educational groups, incarceration has become a depressingly regular experience, and prison culture and influence pervade their communities. Almost 60 percent of black male high school drop-outs in their early thirties have spent time in prison. In Punishment and Inequality in America, sociologist Bruce Western explores the recent era of mass incarceration and the serious social and economic consequences it has wrought. Punishment and Inequality in America dispels many of the myths about the relationships among crime, imprisonment, and inequality. While many people support the increase in incarceration because of recent reductions in crime, Western shows that the decrease in crime rates in the 1990s was mostly fueled by growth in city police forces and the pacification of the drug trade. Getting "tough on crime" with longer sentences only explains about 10 percent of the fall in crime, but has come at a significant cost. Punishment and Inequality in America reveals a strong relationship between incarceration and severely dampened economic prospects for former inmates. Western finds that because of their involvement in the penal system, young black men hardly benefited from the economic boom of the 1990s. Those who spent time in prison had much lower wages and employment rates than did similar men without criminal records. The losses from mass incarceration spread to the social sphere as well, leaving one out of ten young black children with a father behind bars by the end of the 1990s, thereby helping perpetuate the damaging cycle of broken families, poverty, and crime. The recent explosion of imprisonment is exacting heavy costs on American society and exacerbating inequality. Whereas college or the military were once the formative institutions in young men's lives, prison has increasingly usurped that role in many communities. Punishment and Inequality in America profiles how the growth in incarceration came about and the toll it is taking on the social and economic fabric of many American communities.
