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Author: Irenäus Eibl-Eibesfeldt
Publisher: Berghahn Books
ISBN: 9781571819239
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 520
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Book Description
Violent ethno-nationalist conflicts continue to mar the history of the twentieth century; yet no satisfactory answer as to why humans are susceptible to indoctrination by ideologies leading to inter-group hostility has thus far been found. This volume brings together an international team of leading scientists to address this complex issue from disciplines as diverse as anthropology, psychology, psychobiology, sociology, philosophy, ethology, sociology, and political science. Treating the processes of indoctrination as a biological phenomenon with physiological and psychological aspects, these essays explore the answers to this pressing question in humanity's evolutionary past.
Author: Irenäus Eibl-Eibesfeldt
Publisher: Berghahn Books
ISBN: 9781571819239
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 520
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Book Description
Violent ethno-nationalist conflicts continue to mar the history of the twentieth century; yet no satisfactory answer as to why humans are susceptible to indoctrination by ideologies leading to inter-group hostility has thus far been found. This volume brings together an international team of leading scientists to address this complex issue from disciplines as diverse as anthropology, psychology, psychobiology, sociology, philosophy, ethology, sociology, and political science. Treating the processes of indoctrination as a biological phenomenon with physiological and psychological aspects, these essays explore the answers to this pressing question in humanity's evolutionary past.
Author: Irenäus Eibl-Eibesfeldt
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aggressiveness
Languages : en
Pages : 490
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Book Description
Author: Siniša Malešević
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1139488597
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 375
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Book Description
War is a highly complex and dynamic form of social conflict. This book demonstrates the importance of using sociological tools to understand the changing character of war and organised violence. The author offers an original analysis of the historical and contemporary impact that coercion and warfare have on the transformation of social life, and vice versa. Although war and violence were decisive components in the formation of modernity most analyses tend to shy away from the sociological study of the gory origins of contemporary social life. In contrast, this book brings the study of organised violence to the fore by providing a wide-ranging sociological analysis that links classical and contemporary theories with specific historical and geographical contexts. Topics covered include violence before modernity, warfare in the modern age, nationalism and war, war propaganda, battlefield solidarity, war and social stratification, gender and organised violence, and the new wars debate.
Author: Randy Thornhill
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319080407
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 464
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Book Description
This book develops and tests an ecological and evolutionary theory of the causes of human values—the core beliefs that guide people’s cognition and behavior—and their variation across time and space around the world. We call this theory the parasite-stress theory of values or the parasite-stress theory of sociality. The evidence we present in our book indicates that both a wide span of human affairs and major aspects of human cultural diversity can be understood in light of variable parasite (infectious disease) stress and the range of value systems evoked by variable parasite stress. The same evidence supports the hypothesis that people have psychological adaptations that function to adopt values dependent upon local infectious-disease adversity. The authors have identified key variables, variation in infectious disease adversity and in the core values it evokes, for understanding these topics and in novel and encompassing ways. Although the human species is the focus in the book, evidence presented in the book shows that the parasite-stress theory of sociality informs other topics in ecology and evolutionary biology such as variable family organization and speciation processes and biological diversity in general in non-human animals.
Author: Patrick James
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing USA
ISBN: 0313074674
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 286
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Book Description
James and Goetze bring together contributors of varied backgrounds, ranging from evolutionary theorists to game theorists to analysts of specific ethnic conflict. Their work represents a coherent attempt at evaluating the usefulness of evolutionary theories for explaining ethnic phenomena and demonstrates how these theories can be applied in attempts to elucidate real-world behaviors. This study found that kinship theory that posits evolved dispositions to form cooperative bonds with family, ethnic groups and other social groups may go a long way in accounting for the formation of ethnic groups. Also, ingroup-outgroup theory may contribute to understanding how group conflict commences. Likewise, the description of evolved mechanisms for discerning threat, for building reputations, and for recognizing individuals, groups, and states as possible cooperators and long-term allies may facilitate explanation of the outbreak and avoidance of group conflicts. This also may explain the design of conscious strategies for conflict prevention and resolution. Nonetheless, several contributors take a more critical stance and offer ample reason why building these explanations may prove elusive or at least troublesome given the complex character of human societies. This work is a provocative resource for scholars, students, and other researchers involved with ethnicity and ethnic conflict, international relations, social psychology, and social anthropology.
Author: Jens Rydgren
Publisher: Berghahn Books
ISBN: 9781845452186
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 158
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Book Description
During the last 15-20 years a new party family of radical right-wing populism (RRP) has emerged in Western Europe, consisting of parties such as the French Front National and the Austrian Freedom's Party, among many others. Contrary to the situation in the other Scandinavian countries, such parties have been largely unsuccessful in Sweden. Although Sweden saw the emergence of the populist party New Democracy - which partly can be classified as a RRP party - in the early 1990s, it collapsed in 1994, and no party has so far been successful enough to take its place. Most of the literature on populism and right-wing extremism deals with successful cases; this book takes the opposite direction and asks how one can explain the failure of Swedish radical right-wing populism.
Author: Frank K. Salter
Publisher: Berghahn Books
ISBN: 1571813195
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 320
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Book Description
Trust is a central feature of relationships within the Mafia, oppressed minorities, kin groups everywhere, among dissidents, nationalist freedom fighters, ethnic tourists, ethnic middlemen, exchange networks of Kalahari Bushmen, and families subjected to Stalinist social control. Each of these types of trust is examined by a leading scholar and compared with the expectations of neo-Darwinian theory, in particular the theories of kin selection and ethnic nepotism. The result is a fascinating, theoretically focused yet empirically eclectic contribution to the overlapping fields of human ethnology, evolutionary psychology, and bio-politics. The common thread uniting these diverse phenomena is a trusting relationship predicated on altruism. Chapters examine the strengths and limits of human trust under various stressers and temptations to defect. By exploring the relationship between kin and ethnic altruism and showing its sensitivity to culture, Risky Transactions recasts the evolutionary approach to ethnicity as a blend of primordial and instrumental factors.
Author: Keith F. Otterbein
Publisher: Waveland Press
ISBN: 1478609885
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 151
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Book Description
Keith Otterbein, a long-time authority on anthropological studies of warfare, provides a rich synthesis of theory, literature, and findings developed by anthropologists and scholars from other disciplines. This in-depthyet conciselook at warfare opens with two well-known ethnographic examples of warring peoples: the Dani and the Yanomam. The origins and evolution of war, types of warfare, weapons and tactics, military organizations, and the social bases of war structure discussions within the text. Analyses of historical events and case studies inform readers of different perspectives about why people go to war, how societies can be identified as having war, the elements necessary for war, and how war might be avoided. Otterbein concludes the text by presenting the concept of Positive Peacepromoting peace as a goal of human existenceas a way for humans to eliminate the fatal consequences of war.
Author: Martyn Hudson
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1315306654
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 409
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Book Description
This book is a groundbreaking attempt to rethink the landscapes of the social world and historical practice by theorising ‘social haunting’: the ways in which the social forms, figures, phantasms and ghosts of the past become present to us time and time again. Examining the relationship between historical practices such as archaeology and archival work in order to think about how the social landscape is reinvented with reference to the ghosts of the past, the author explores the literary and historical status and accounts of the ghost, not for what they might tell us about these figures, but for their significance for our, constantly re-invented, re-vivified, re-ghosted social world. With chapters on haunted houses and castles, slave ghosts, the haunting airs of music, the prehistoric origin of spirits, Marxist spectres, Freudian revenants, and the ghosts in the machine, Ghosts, Landscapes and Social Memory adopts multi-disciplinary methods for understanding the past, the dead and social ghosts and the landscapes they appear in. A sociology of haunting that illustrates how social landscapes have their genesis and perpetuation in haunting and the past, this volume will appeal to sociologists and social theorists with interests in memory, haunting and culture.
Author: Frank Salter
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1135772320
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 418
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Book Description
Welfare, Ethnicity, and Altruism applies the controversial theory of 'Ethnic Nepotism', first formulated by Irenäus Eibl-Eibesfeldt and Pierre van den Berghe, to the modern welfare state (both are authors in this volume). This theory states that ethnic groups resemble large families whose members are prone to cooperate due to 'kin altruism'. Recent empirical findings in economics and political science offer confirmatory evidence. The book presents two separate studies that compare welfare expenditures around the world, both indicating that the more ethnically mixed a population becomes, the greater is its resistance to redistributive policies. These results point to profound inconsistencies within ideologies of both left and right regarding ethnicity.
