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Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Languages : en
Pages :
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Category : Horticulture
Languages : en
Pages : 422
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Author: Catherine Brück
Publisher:
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Human health is affected by the fast changes in industrial development and urbanization. Emissions from motorized vehicle use, agriculture, industry and domestic heating give rise to high concentrations of particulate matter (PM) in the atmosphere. Particulate matter is one of the most dangerous components of air pollution for humans as the exposure to PM is associated with adverse health outcomes. By establishing trees and shrubs in towns and cities, the quality of urban life can be improved as these plants can increase air quality by the interception of air contaminants. Leaves of trees and shrubs have morphological and physiological characteristics that favour the capture and retention of PM. The objective of this study is to determine which tree, shrub and climber species, plant types and families are most efficient at retaining leaf-deposited particles and which leaf traits (trichome presence and stomatal density) provide the best characteristics to encapsulate PM within the leaves. Therefore, the magnetic fraction of leaf-encapsulated particles was determined in leaves of 96 species of trees, shrubs and climber plants that are common in the streets and parks of Belgium. Hereby, we measured the Saturation Isothermal Remanent Magnetization (SIRM) of washed leaves. We found out that hairy broad-leaved species retained more PM than non-hairy broad-leaved species. We also found out that needle-leaved evergreen species had high PM retention, probably due to the accumulation of PM in the waxy epicuticular layer and due to the longevity of the needles. With this knowledge of species effectiveness in PM retention, species that are considered to be good at retaining PM can be recommended to plant in air pollution hotspots. Although plants are increasingly recognized in the mitigation of ambient air pollution and magnetic properties of leaves are increasingly used for assessing PM exposure, more research within this topic is essential to predict what the effects of plants are in improving air quality.
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Category : Trees in cities
Languages : en
Pages : 16
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Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and Technology. Subcommittee on Domestic and International Scientific Planning, Analysis, and Cooperation
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Category : Cities and towns
Languages : en
Pages : 918
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Author: Fredy Mahendra
Publisher:
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 6
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Urban areas have some environmental problems, which are the lack of productive and green lands. It's caused by the excessive of energy consumption, and the increasing of air temperature day by day. It makes urban area becomes more uncomfortable to be lived and makes environmental's health level keeps going down, then decrease the society productivity. Those problems should be resolved in order to create more liveable urban spaces and to gain the benefit of economic aspect for the society. One of the methods to solve those problems is through urban design concept and urban farming implementation. Urban farming is growing, cultivating, and distributing the foodstuffs into the city or city limits to generate income. This research aimed to determine how much the affection of urban farming to the temperature reduction of urban heat island by using software Envi-met and LEONARDO to simulate and evaluate the urban farming morphology. Three design alternative were simulated in the city that had been affected by Urban Heat Island. The software would show which design was the best to reduce the outdoor temperature. As the result, the design alternative which could reduce the outdoor air temperature optimally (1.16 oC-1.23 oC) was by placing the vegetation higher than the sidewalk or usually called by skywalk. The skywalk was placed three meters high above the sidewalk, and designed along one kilometer on both sides of the sidewalk. The sidewalks were planted by rice and crops plants depends on the season. The planted plants would be processed then harvested to be foodstuffs for society itself. This design was also intended to provide more productive and green lands, recreational land, and environmental education land to improve economic and food quality. This skywalk farming design contained interactive places to do direct communication, any discussion, while watching gardening was being processed in urban area.
Author: Dona Pickard
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030947432
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 201
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This book presents the findings of a multidisciplinary study on the effects of urban agriculture (UA) on the social, economic and environmental aspects of the quality of life in Sofia - the capital of Bulgaria. The analyses are based on a sociological survey representative of 3 districts of Sofia (among 750 people), in-depth interviews, focus groups, expert statements, ecological monitoring of UA sites, and spatial mapping of natural resources for UA. It also focuses on UA effects on the social well-being of citizens and communities, the correlation between social capital and UA attitudes, the challenges for UA to integrate disadvantaged social groups, the factors for success of small UA businesses, as well as the role of policy and civil society in developing UA. This work is also important for the analysis of the underlying links between all aspects of urban agriculture, many of which are valid beyond the local socio-economic context and environmental specifics of the city of Sofia.
Author: North Central Forest Experiment Station (Saint Paul, Minn.)
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Category : Forests and forestry
Languages : en
Pages : 48
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Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Banking and Currency. Ad Hoc Subcommittee on Urban Growth
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Category : City planning
Languages : en
Pages : 824
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Pt. 2 of a 3 pt. work. Part 1 has title: Population trends Y 4.B 22/1:P 81/pt. 1 hearings held June 3, 5, 13, 16, 18, 24, 25; July 1, 10, 22, and 31, 1969. Part 3 Industrial location policy Y 4.B 22/1:In 2/pt. 3 hearings held July 23; September 23, 24; October 6, 7; November 18, 19; December 2, 3, 1970.
Author: United States. Congress. House. Banking and Currency Committee
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 824
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