Author: Zulfiqar Ali Shah
Publisher: IIIT
ISBN: 1565644832
Category : Religion
Languages : en
Pages : 204

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Book Description
During the formative classical period of Islamic jurisprudence, wellknown scholars possessed not only the intellectual skills required for analytic reasoning, but also a broad general knowledge of the fi elds relevant to the cultural contexts in which they issued their edicts. A viable fatwa requires knowledge of the Shari‘ah as well as local customs, cultural realities, individual and communal implications, and related matters. The original juristic tradition was formulated and fi xed during the fi rst three Islamic centuries, a time of widespread sociopolitical turmoil. Of course, the jurists’ legal outlooks and thinking processes could not have escaped this reality. While Muslims of the prophetic and rāshidūn periods adhered closely to the authentic texts due to their sincerity, piety, prophetic training, and proximity to the revelation, the changing environment in which their descendants functioned gradually started to impact how the authentic texts were understood, interpreted, paraphrased, and implemented. Both the Muslim and the non-Muslim worlds have drastically changed since that time. The new geopolitical and scientifi c realities of our rapidly changing world demand a fresh look at some aspects of the established juristic tradition. The way forward involves a systematic fresh look at and reevaluation of the old fatwas, as well as the issuance of new ones with a maqāsidī outlook that can deal successfully with today’s ever-changing global realities. In this edited volume, papers on fatwa and iftā’ point to an approach that is both rooted in the Islamic legacy and committed to meeting the challenges of the modern world.

Author: Jakob Skovgaard-Petersen
Publisher: BRILL
ISBN: 9789004109476
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 452

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Book Description
The important issue of state-religion relationship in the Middle East is investigated through a sophisticated analysis of state fatwas and of the public and institutional role of the Egyptian State Mufti from 1895 to present.

Author: Rose Aslan
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0190079223
Category : Literary Criticism
Languages : en
Pages : 273

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Book Description
Drawing on a variety of literature, poetry, films, TV shows, and social media posts, and an original survey of 350 US Muslims, Muslim Prayer in American Public Life provides an in-depth examination of the lived experiences of Muslim prayer practices in the United States today.

Author: Cenap Çakmak
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing USA
ISBN: 1610692179
Category : Religion
Languages : en
Pages : 2003

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Book Description
This expansive four-volume encyclopedia presents a broad introduction to Islam that enables learning about the fundamental role of Islam in world history and promotes greater respect for cultural diversity. One of the most popular and widespread religions in the world, Islam has attracted a great deal of attention in recent times, particularly in the Western world. With the ongoing tensions in the Middle East and a pervasive sense of hostility toward Arab Americans, there is ever increasing need to examine and understand Islam as a religion and historical force. Islam: A Worldwide Encyclopedia provides some 700 entries on Islam written by expert contributors that cover the religion from the birth of Islam to the present time. The set also includes 16 pages of color images per volume that serve to illustrate the diverse expressions of this important religious tradition. Each entry begins with a basic introduction, followed by a general discussion of the subject and a conclusion. Each entry also features a further readings list for readers. In addition to supplying a comprehensive, authoritative overview of Islam, this work also specifically addresses many controversial related issues, including jihad, violence in Islam, polygamy, and apostasy.

Author: Jonathan Matusitz
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1000224317
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 255

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Book Description
This book conceptually examines the role of communication in global jihad from multiple perspectives. The main premise is that communication is so vital to the global jihadist movement today that jihadists will use any communicative tool, tactic, or approach to impact or transform people and the public at large. The author explores how and why the benefits of communication are a huge boon to jihadist operations, with jihadists communicating their ideological programs to develop a strong base for undertaking terrorist violence. The use of various information and communication systems and platforms by jihadists exemplifies the most recent progress in the relationship between terrorism, media, and the new information environment. For jihadist organizations like ISIS and Al-Qaeda, recruiting new volunteers for the Caliphate who are willing to sacrifice their lives for the cause is a top priority. Based on various conceptual analyses, case studies, and theoretical applications, this book explores the communicative tools, tactics, and approaches used for this recruitment, including narratives, propaganda, mainstream media, social media, new information and communication technologies, the jihadisphere, visual imagery, media framing, globalization, financing networks, crime–jihad nexuses, group communication, radicalization, social movements, fatwas, martyrdom videos, pop-jihad, and jihadist nasheeds. This book will be of great interest to students and scholars of communication studies, political science, terrorism and international security, Islamic studies, and cultural studies.

Author: Hossam Sabry Othman
Publisher: International Institute of Islamic Thought (IIIT)
ISBN: 1642058785
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 274

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Book Description
THE CONTEMPORARY postnormal world is posing for Muslims ever strange ethical, financial, and medical dilemmas for which modern jurists are expected to provide a suitable theological response. Yet even with an encyclopedic knowledge of Islamic law, the task facing them is daunting. In the real world this level of complexity has led to chaos in fatwa issuance with many scholars voicing concern at the direction to which things are moving and calling for the process to be regulated. This book critiques fatwa issuance in the modern context and calls for application of a synthesized approach using the mechanism of collective ijtihad to formulate rulings and overcome current weaknesses. It carefully examines central juristic concepts and puts forward consultative ijtihad as a viable alternative to the controversial classical ijma' approach which may be difficult to realize in the contemporary world. The author argues that fatwas become questionable when jurists, out of their depth, fail to grasp concepts which only engagement with specialists can fully elucidate, or give way to top down financial and/or political pressure from the executives of institutions employing them. Matters are compounded by the face of fatwas having undergone a radical transformation in modern times with online programs and social media often a go-to source for Muslims. The author exposes the world of modern fatwa pronouncements – packaged, supplied and broadcast in a matter of minutes, under a mentality of one-fatwa-fits-all. In a bid for much needed reform he calls for a reassessment of current institutional practices contending that Muslim societies need not be vulnerable to the demands of a media driven, technocratic age, with rapid shifts in ethical norms, but that, in the interests of a healthy functioning society, issue fatwas cognizant of the wider modern context, specialist knowledge, as well as the cultural diversity that exists in the common Ummatic identity.

Author: Umar F. Moghul
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319488414
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 321

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Book Description
This book explores how, through spirituality and the development of character, Islamic financial institutions and Muslim communities can integrate their businesses with contemporary social responsibility initiatives to produce positive social and environmental impact. From the looming environmental crisis to the divide between mainstream and extremist interpretations of Islam, the book addresses significant questions facing Muslim communities – and humanity – and demonstrates why Islam should sit ‘at the table’ with other faiths and ethical traditions discussing humanity’s great obstacles. Unlike existing literature, this work explores the intersections between classical Islamic ethics and spirituality, contemporary Islamic finance and economic markets, and select sustainability and impact initiatives (such as the Equator Principles and UN Principles of Responsible Investment) designed to make the worlds of business and finance responsible for the environments in which they operate and the communities that support them. Drawing on his years of experience in Islamic banking, Moghul addresses these applications in light of real-world practices and dilemmas, demonstrating how Islamic organizations and Muslim communities should embrace the broad range of stakeholders countenanced by the Shari’ah in conversations that affect them. By situating his exploration of Islamic finance in the light of the much larger critical issues of balance, justice, and moderation in Islamic praxis, Moghul creates an interdisciplinary book that will appeal to academics and researchers in economics, finance, business, government and policy, and law.

Author: Kameel Ahmady
Publisher: Avaye Buf
ISBN: 8794295085
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages :

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Book Description
There are contradictory attitudes toward temporary marriage in Iranian society. The proponents consider it as a means to prevent social degradation and moral corruption while the opponents take it as a pleasure-seeking tool for men in violation of the rights of children and women. This study supports the view that temporary marriage is a back door to sexual exploitation. According to the study’s findings, mut'ah is a practice that lacks redeeming values and positive functions. Rather, it causes harms such as child marriage, the collapse of the family foundation, negative attitudes towards permanent marriage, the promotion of corruption and violations of women’s rights. Many women agree to be subjected to sexual exploitation because they lack economic rights and a sense of security. As an institution, it is not without controversy. In fact, child marriage is partly the result of the tradition of sigheh mahramiat which paves the road for increase of child marriage in Iran. It is performed in some Iranian families when their sons and daughters are in early puberty, or even before then, to supervise the sexual behaviour of children, to prevent them from committing a sin, for fear of girls’ solitude at older ages, to fight against social and cultural pressures related to communication between young girls and boys (which are more obvious in small communities), and to facilitate smoother relations between two families. The religious and traditional stratum of the Iranian society performs sigheh / sigheh mahramiat and continues to follow this tradition. Both the country’s laws and the jurisprudence treat the permanent and temporary marriages the same although they are different in nature and so far temporary marriage has not been addressed as an independent subject. The religious and legal ambiguities surrounding sigheh and temporary marriage and inattention to Iran’s social circumstances lead to grave consequences such as child marriage, school drop-out, violation of women’s rights and in particular physical and emotional vulnerabilities of women and girls. Revision of laws pertaining to sigheh/temporary marriage while considering the social characteristics of the society can serve as a key solution to minimize these negative impacts

Author: Emine Enise Yakar
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1000456420
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 165

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Book Description
This book places context at the core of the Islamic mechanism of iftā’ to better understand the process of issuing fatwās in Muslim and non-Muslim countries, thus highlighting the connection between context and contemporaneity, on one hand, and the adaptable perception of Islamic law, on the other. The practice of iftā’ is one of the most important mechanisms of Islamic law that keeps Islamic thought about ethical and legal issues in harmony with the demands, exigencies and developments of time. This book builds upon the existing body of work related to the practice of iftā’, but takes the discussion beyond the current debates with the intent of unveiling the interaction between Islamic legal methodologies and different environmental contexts. The book specifically addresses the three institutions (Saudi Arabia’s Dār al-Iftā’, Turkey’s Diyanet and America’s FCNA) and their Islamic legal opinions (fatwās) in a comparative framework. This demonstrates the existence of complex and diverse ideas around similar issues within contemporary Islamic legal opinions that is further complicated by the influence of international, social, political, cultural and ideological contexts. The book thus unveils a more complicated range of interactive constituents in the process of the practice of iftā’ and its outputs, fatwās. The work will be of interest to academics and researchers working in the areas of Islamic law, Middle Eastern studies, religion and politics.

Author: Olaf Köndgen
Publisher: BRILL
ISBN: 9004472789
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 467

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Book Description
In A Bibliography of Islamic Criminal Law Olaf Köndgen offers the most extensive bibliography on Islamic criminal law ever compiled. Drawing on a multitude of sources online and offline A Bibliography of Islamic Criminal Law covers, in its thematic section, not only the classical crime categories of ḥudūd, qiṣāṣ and taʿzīr but also a large number of newly emerging and related fields. In a second section dedicated to countries and eras, Köndgen comprehensively covers the historical and modern application of Islamic criminal law in all its forms. Unlocking the richness of this sub-field of Islamic law with the help of two detailed indices, this innovative reference work is highly relevant for all those researching Islamic law in general and the application of Islamic criminal law over time in particular. See also A Bibliography of Islamic Criminal Law, Supplement.