Identification of Genes/Genomic Regions Controlling Resistance to Biotic and Abiotic Stresses in Synthetic Hexaploid Wheat PDF Download
Are you looking for read ebook online? Search for your book and save it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Download Identification of Genes/Genomic Regions Controlling Resistance to Biotic and Abiotic Stresses in Synthetic Hexaploid Wheat PDF full book. Access full book title Identification of Genes/Genomic Regions Controlling Resistance to Biotic and Abiotic Stresses in Synthetic Hexaploid Wheat by Madhav Bhatta. Download full books in PDF and EPUB format.
Author: Madhav Bhatta
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780438662186
Category : Wheat
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Get Book Here
Book Description
Synthetic hexaploid wheat (SHW; 2n=6x=42, AABBDD, Triticum aestivum L.) is produced from an interspecific cross between durum wheat (2n=4x=28, AABB, T. turgidum L.) and goat grass (2n=2x=14, DD, Aegilops tauschii Coss.). It is reported to have a considerable amount of genetic diversity and is a potential source of novel alleles controlling abiotic and biotic stresses resistance and improving wheat quality. Therefore, the first study was to understand the genetic diversity and population structure of SHWs and compare the genetic diversity of SHWs with elite bread wheat (BW) cultivars. The result of this study identified a wide range of genetic diversity within the SHWs. The genetic diversity of the ABD and D-genome of SHWs were 50% and 88.2%, respectively, higher than that found on the respective genome in a sample of elite BW cultivars. The second study was to identify novel genomic regions and underlying genes associated with grain yield and yield-related traits under two drought-stressed environments. This study identified 90 novel genomic regions and haplotype blocks associated with improving grain yield and yield-related traits with phenotypic variance explained of up to 32.3%. The third study was to identify common bunt resistance genotypes, genomic regions and underlying genes conferring resistance to common bunt. This study identified 29 resistant SHWs and 15 genomic regions (five were novel) conferring resistance to common bunt. The fourth study to explore the genetic variation of 10-grain minerals (Ca, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Li, Mg, Mn, Ni, and Zn) and grain protein concentration (GPC); identify marker-trait associations and candidate genes associated with grain minerals using a genome-wide association study (GWAS). A wide range of genetic variation identified within SHWs for GPC and grain mineral concentrations. A GWAS identified 92 genomic regions (60 were novel and 40 were within genes) associated with increasing beneficial grain mineral concentration and decreasing concentration of toxic compound such as Cd. The results from this research will be valuable for broadening the genetic base of wheat and could assist in further understanding of the genetic architecture of traits under biotic and abiotic stresses.
Author: Madhav Bhatta
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780438662186
Category : Wheat
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Get Book Here
Book Description
Synthetic hexaploid wheat (SHW; 2n=6x=42, AABBDD, Triticum aestivum L.) is produced from an interspecific cross between durum wheat (2n=4x=28, AABB, T. turgidum L.) and goat grass (2n=2x=14, DD, Aegilops tauschii Coss.). It is reported to have a considerable amount of genetic diversity and is a potential source of novel alleles controlling abiotic and biotic stresses resistance and improving wheat quality. Therefore, the first study was to understand the genetic diversity and population structure of SHWs and compare the genetic diversity of SHWs with elite bread wheat (BW) cultivars. The result of this study identified a wide range of genetic diversity within the SHWs. The genetic diversity of the ABD and D-genome of SHWs were 50% and 88.2%, respectively, higher than that found on the respective genome in a sample of elite BW cultivars. The second study was to identify novel genomic regions and underlying genes associated with grain yield and yield-related traits under two drought-stressed environments. This study identified 90 novel genomic regions and haplotype blocks associated with improving grain yield and yield-related traits with phenotypic variance explained of up to 32.3%. The third study was to identify common bunt resistance genotypes, genomic regions and underlying genes conferring resistance to common bunt. This study identified 29 resistant SHWs and 15 genomic regions (five were novel) conferring resistance to common bunt. The fourth study to explore the genetic variation of 10-grain minerals (Ca, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Li, Mg, Mn, Ni, and Zn) and grain protein concentration (GPC); identify marker-trait associations and candidate genes associated with grain minerals using a genome-wide association study (GWAS). A wide range of genetic variation identified within SHWs for GPC and grain mineral concentrations. A GWAS identified 92 genomic regions (60 were novel and 40 were within genes) associated with increasing beneficial grain mineral concentration and decreasing concentration of toxic compound such as Cd. The results from this research will be valuable for broadening the genetic base of wheat and could assist in further understanding of the genetic architecture of traits under biotic and abiotic stresses.
Author: Yasunari Ogihara
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 4431556753
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 421
Get Book Here
Book Description
This proceedings is a collection of 46 selected papers that were presented at the 12th International Wheat Genetics Symposium (IWGS). Since the launch of the wheat genome sequencing project in 2005, the arrival of draft genome sequences has marked a new era in wheat genetics and genomics, catalyzing rapid advancement in the field. This book provides a comprehensive review of the forefront of wheat research, across various important topics such as germplasm and genetic diversity, cytogenetics and allopolyploid evolution, genome sequencing, structural and functional genomics, gene function and molecular biology, biotic stress, abiotic stress, grain quality, and classical and molecular breeding. Following an introduction, 9 parts of the book are dedicated to each of these topics. A final, 11th part entitled “Toward Sustainable Wheat Production” contains 7 excellent papers that were presented in the 12th IWGS Special Session supported by the OECD. With rapid population growth and radical climate changes, the world faces a global food crisis and is in need of another Green Revolution to boost yields of wheat and other widely grown staple crops. Although this book focuses on wheat, many of the newly developed techniques and results presented here can be applied to other plant species with large and complex genomes. As such, this volume is highly recommended for all students and researchers in wheat sciences and related plant sciences and for those who are interested in stable food production and food security.
Author: Nikayla Strauss
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Wheat
Languages : en
Pages : 186
Get Book Here
Book Description
Wheat was domesticated approximately 10,000 years ago when the tetraploid grass Triticum turgidum (AABB) is thought to have hybridized with the diploid grass Aegilops tauschii Coss. (DD), resulting in hexaploid wheat Triticum aestivum (AABBDD). Most research confirms the D-genome was the last genome to be introduced, is the least diverse, and tends to have fewer known markers. This distinct lack of diversity has hindered breeders and geneticists; diversity could lead to higher yields, better end-use quality, and increased tolerance to biotic and abiotic stress. Synthetic wheat is a tool that can be used to incorporate genetic diversity and provide disease resistance genes not found in common germplasm. Synthetic wheat is made by recreating the hybridization that led to T. aestivum using different subspecies of both T. durum and Ae. tauschii. The result is a primary synthetic hexaploid wheat (AABBDD) that has diverse alleles and trait combinations, and can be readily crossed into adapted germplasm. In addition to being a source of novel disease resistance genes, synthetic wheat lines are also known to have more diverse root systems. The objective of this dissertation was to evaluate a synthetic nested association mapping population, the D-genome Nested Association Mapping Population (DNAM) for novel abiotic and biotic stress tolerance genes. Multiple projects involved screening selections of the DNAM population for resistance to stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis), Fusarium crown rot (Fusarium culmorum and Fusarium pseudograminearum), and cereal cyst nematode (Heterodera avenae and Heterodera filipjevi). One novel gene was found to confer resistance to both H. filipjevi and avenae cereal cyst nematodes. Moderate resistance to fusarium crown rot was also detected, but is contributed both from the recurrent parent of the population as well as by several A. tauschii donor parents. A subset of the DNAM was also used for a three-year, nine environment drought study. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) revealed three quantitative trait loci (QTL) for grain protein concentration and quality across all nine environments, and nine QTL contributing to those same traits within individual environments.
Author: Tao Wang
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780549032984
Category : Hessian fly
Languages : en
Pages : 78
Get Book Here
Book Description
The Hessian fly (Mayetiola destructor Say) is a destructive pest of wheat and is widely distributed throughout most wheat-growing regions of the world. Host plant resistance has been considered the most effective approach to manage this pest in wheat. Aegilops tauschii Cosson, the D genome donor of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a useful source of Hessian fly resistance. Production of synthetic hexaploid wheat (SW) lines is a practical way to transfer desirable traits from Ae. tauschii to bread wheat. The objectives of this study were to evaluate and identify Hessian fly resistance in SW lines and to genetically characterize the resistant genes through allelism tests and molecular mapping. In the first part of this study, 114 elite SW lines produced by the Wide Hybridization Program at the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (Centro Internacional de Mejoramiento de Maiz y Trigo, CIMMYT) along with their durum wheat (T. turgidum L. var. durum) parents were evaluated for resistance to Hessian fly biotype Great Plains (GP). Among evaluated lines, 37 were resistant, and they should be useful in developing resistant cultivars and in genetic studies of Hessian fly resistance genes. In the second part of the study, strain vH13 (virulent to H13) was used, and lines SW8 and SW34 were mapped for resistance genes originating from Ae. tauschii. Allelism tests indicated that the resistance genes in SW8 and SW34 may be allelic to H26 and H13, or correspond to paralogs at both loci, respectively. Bulk segregation analyses and genetic mapping with molecular markers were conducted in two F2 mapping populations derived from a Hessian fly susceptible SW line (SW11) with SW8 and SW34, respectively. In this study, the H26 locus was assigned to chromosome 3D through molecular analyses rather than 4D as was previously determined by monosomic analyses. Linkage analysis and physical mapping positioned the H26 locus to chromosomal deletion bin 3DL3-0.81-1.00. Mapping of the resistance gene in SW34 verified the previous assignment of the H13 locus to chromosome 6D.
Author: Shabir H Wani
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030595773
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 296
Get Book Here
Book Description
World population is growing at an alarming rate and may exceed 9.7 billion by 2050, whereas agricultural productivity has been negatively affected due to yield limiting factors such as biotic and abiotic stresses as a result of global climate change. Wheat is a staple crop for ~20% of the world population and its yield needs be augmented correspondingly in order to satisfy the demands of our increasing world population. “Green revolution”, the introduction of semi-dwarf, high yielding wheat varieties along with improved agronomic management practices, gave rise to a substantial increase in wheat production and self-sufficiency in developing countries that include Mexico, India and other south Asian countries. Since the late 1980’s, however, wheat yield is at a standoff with little fluctuation. The current trend is thus insufficient to meet the demands of an increasing world population. Therefore, while conventional breeding has had a great impact on wheat yield, with climate change becoming a reality, newer molecular breeding and management tools are needed to meet the goal of improving wheat yield for the future. With the advance in our understanding of the wheat genome and more importantly, the role of environmental interactions on productivity, the idea of genomic selection has been proposed to select for multi-genic quantitative traits early in the breeding cycle. Accordingly genomic selection may remodel wheat breeding with gain that is predicted to be 3 to 5 times that of crossbreeding. Phenomics (high-throughput phenotyping) is another fairly recent advancement using contemporary sensors for wheat germplasm screening and as a selection tool. Lastly, CRISPR/Cas9 ribonucleoprotein mediated genome editing technology has been successfully utilized for efficient and specific genome editing of hexaploid bread wheat. In summary, there has been exciting progresses in the development of non-GM wheat plants resistant to biotic and abiotic stress and/or wheat with improved nutritional quality. We believe it is important to highlight these novel research accomplishments for a broader audience, with the hope that our readers will ultimately adopt these powerful technologies for crops improvement in order to meet the demands of an expanding world population.
Author: ChorTee Tan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 72
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Indu Sharma
Publisher: CABI
ISBN: 9781845939694
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 334
Get Book Here
Book Description
Disease resistance is one of the major factors that can be improved to sustain yield potential in cultivated crops. This book looks at disease resistance in wheat, concentrating on all the economically important diseases - their economic impact and geographical spread, breeding for resistance, pathogen variability, resistance mechanisms and recent advances made on resistance genes. Newer strategies for identifying resistance genes and identify resistance mechanisms are discussed, including cloning, gene transfer and the use of genetically modified plants. It is suitable for researchers and stu.
Author: Pradeep Sharma
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0323885993
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 707
Get Book Here
Book Description
Bioinformatics in Agriculture: Next Generation Sequencing Era is a comprehensive volume presenting an integrated research and development approach to the practical application of genomics to improve agricultural crops. Exploring both the theoretical and applied aspects of computational biology, and focusing on the innovation processes, the book highlights the increased productivity of a translational approach. Presented in four sections and including insights from experts from around the world, the book includes: Section I: Bioinformatics and Next Generation Sequencing Technologies; Section II: Omics Application; Section III: Data mining and Markers Discovery; Section IV: Artificial Intelligence and Agribots. Bioinformatics in Agriculture: Next Generation Sequencing Era explores deep sequencing, NGS, genomic, transcriptome analysis and multiplexing, highlighting practices forreducing time, cost, and effort for the analysis of gene as they are pooled, and sequenced. Readers will gain real-world information on computational biology, genomics, applied data mining, machine learning, and artificial intelligence. This book serves as a complete package for advanced undergraduate students, researchers, and scientists with an interest in bioinformatics. - Discusses integral aspects of molecular biology and pivotal tool sfor molecular breeding - Enables breeders to design cost-effective and efficient breeding strategies - Provides examples ofinnovative genome-wide marker (SSR, SNP) discovery - Explores both the theoretical and practical aspects of computational biology with focus on innovation processes - Covers recent trends of bioinformatics and different tools and techniques
Author: Rudi Appels
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3031382943
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 328
Get Book Here
Book Description
This open access book provides the first comprehensive coverage of the wheat genome sequence since the publication of the draft and reference sequences for bread wheat and durum wheat. It presents an overview and all aspects of the gold standard sequence of the bread wheat genome, IWGSC RefSeq v1.0 and its subsequent improvements through 2022 (IWGSC RefSeq v2.1), as well as the sequencing of multiple elite wheat varieties, durum wheat, and ancient wheat. The book provides a broad and extensive review of the resources, tools, and methodologies available for exploiting the wheat genome sequence for crop improvement and studying fundamental questions related to the structure, function, and evolution of the wheat genome. Wheat (Tritcum aestivum L.) is the most widely grown crop in the world, contributing approximately 20 percent of total calories and more protein in human diets than any other single source. This book is useful to students, teachers, and scientists in academia and industry interested in gaining an understanding of the wheat genome and its application as well as plant scientists generally interested in polyploid plant species.
Author: Jinita Sthapit
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Wheat
Languages : en
Pages :
Get Book Here
Book Description
A cluster of 553 winter wheat landraces from regions with latitudes higher than 40°N was identified in PCoA based on SNPs. A freezing tolerance test was performed using electrolyte leakage on 192 landraces at temperatures -14, -16, and -18°C. The regression analysis showed a significant negative correlation of latitude and electrolyte leakage with an R2 of 0.14, ( P
