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Author: Catherine Allison Gray
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Recurrent early pregnancy loss in the ovine uterine gland knockout (UGKO) ewe model manifests on Day 14 of pregnancy, indicating that endometrial secretions are critical for peri-implantation conceptus development. Therefore, the following studies were conducted with fertile ewes and infertile UGKO ewes to identify candidate endometrial factors essential for normal conceptus survival, utilizing both genomics and proteomics approaches. The first study used transcriptional profiling of endometrium from Day 14 cyclic, pregnant, and bred UGKO ewes, as well as ewes treated with interferon tau (IFN[subscript]tau) and progesterone, to identify genes important for conceptus development. A number of novel and previously known IFN[subscript]tau-stimulated genes, as well as progesterone-stimulated genes were identified that are higher in fertile ewes, such as galectin-15. Interactive effects of progesterone and IFN[subscript]tau regulate endometrial gene expression in a temporal and cell-type specific manner. The second study characterized the endometrial expression and hormonal regulation of galectin-15, a member of the galectin family of secreted [Beta]-galactoside lectins. Galectin-15 was secreted into the uterine lumen by the lumenal (LE) and superficial glandular epithelium (sGE), where it may promote adhesion during implantation, as well as was phagocytosed by the trophectoderm and formed intracellular crystals. The third study determined the endometrial expression of galectin-15 throughout gestation. Galectin-15 was secreted into the uterine lumen, where it was phagocytosed by the trophectoderm/chorion, transferred through placental vasculature to the fetus, and cleared through the fetal kidney to be stored in allantoic fluid. The fourth study utilized proteomic analysis of uterine flushes and endometrial explant cultures from Day 14 cyclic, pregnant and UGKO ewes to identify differences in uterine secretions. Analyses identified several genes that were expressed by the LE and sGE and may be involved in prostaglandin production and/or pH regulation. Collectively, results of these studies suggest that transcriptional profiling and analysis of uterine secretions are effective tools to determine genes important for early pregnancy. Further, identified genes are expected to reveal novel endometrial factors and metabolic pathways for support of conceptus survival and implantation, as well as provide improvements for embryo culture methods and diagnose endometrial dysfunctions leading to infertility.
Author: Catherine Allison Gray
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Recurrent early pregnancy loss in the ovine uterine gland knockout (UGKO) ewe model manifests on Day 14 of pregnancy, indicating that endometrial secretions are critical for peri-implantation conceptus development. Therefore, the following studies were conducted with fertile ewes and infertile UGKO ewes to identify candidate endometrial factors essential for normal conceptus survival, utilizing both genomics and proteomics approaches. The first study used transcriptional profiling of endometrium from Day 14 cyclic, pregnant, and bred UGKO ewes, as well as ewes treated with interferon tau (IFN[subscript]tau) and progesterone, to identify genes important for conceptus development. A number of novel and previously known IFN[subscript]tau-stimulated genes, as well as progesterone-stimulated genes were identified that are higher in fertile ewes, such as galectin-15. Interactive effects of progesterone and IFN[subscript]tau regulate endometrial gene expression in a temporal and cell-type specific manner. The second study characterized the endometrial expression and hormonal regulation of galectin-15, a member of the galectin family of secreted [Beta]-galactoside lectins. Galectin-15 was secreted into the uterine lumen by the lumenal (LE) and superficial glandular epithelium (sGE), where it may promote adhesion during implantation, as well as was phagocytosed by the trophectoderm and formed intracellular crystals. The third study determined the endometrial expression of galectin-15 throughout gestation. Galectin-15 was secreted into the uterine lumen, where it was phagocytosed by the trophectoderm/chorion, transferred through placental vasculature to the fetus, and cleared through the fetal kidney to be stored in allantoic fluid. The fourth study utilized proteomic analysis of uterine flushes and endometrial explant cultures from Day 14 cyclic, pregnant and UGKO ewes to identify differences in uterine secretions. Analyses identified several genes that were expressed by the LE and sGE and may be involved in prostaglandin production and/or pH regulation. Collectively, results of these studies suggest that transcriptional profiling and analysis of uterine secretions are effective tools to determine genes important for early pregnancy. Further, identified genes are expected to reveal novel endometrial factors and metabolic pathways for support of conceptus survival and implantation, as well as provide improvements for embryo culture methods and diagnose endometrial dysfunctions leading to infertility.
Author: Fuller W. Bazer
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461218047
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 579
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Book Description
A comprehensive, cutting-edge review of the complex interactions between maternal and fetal-placental tissues that control the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy, the proper development of the fetus, the birth process, and the behavioral aspects of bonding between mother and newborn. Expert researchers review the endocrine and physiological events that culminate in the delivery of offspring, and provide a solid base of comparative information on the menstrual cycle of primates, including humans. They also discuss the sources and functions of both steroid and protein hormones from the placenta and the details of their effects on uterine function, placental development, fetal growth and well-being, and maternal responses to pregnancy. This book will become the standard reference source not only for reproductive scientists, but also for those clinicians who want better to understand the complex factors that affect pregnancy-and their pregnant patients.
Author: Joanne Kwak-Kim
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9783030285869
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
The endometrium goes through cyclical changes under the influence of hormones, and immune effectors in the endometrium change their populations cyclically as well. Dynamic changes in immune effectors determine endometrial cytokine and chemokine milieus and, consequently, the endometrial immune response. Endometrial immune responses have been shown to be important for trophoblast invasion and early pregnancy. Indeed, dysregulated endometrial inflammatory immune responses are associated with reproductive failures, such as recurrent pregnancy losses, repeated implantation failure, and gynecological diseases with oncogenic potential. Hence, the investigation of endometrial gene expression may predict infertility, gynecological and oncological conditions. This book presents the state of the art in endometrial gene expression as well as recent developmental findings relating to reproduction and reproductive disorders. It begins with a review of the genetic regulation of urogenital tract formation and molecular mechanism underlying the physiology of menstrual cycle before moving on to the current and emerging technological advances in molecular biology. Endometrial gene expressions of immune inflammatory conditions, viral infection, metabolic and nutritional conditions, and reproductive disorders are then presented in following chapters. Examples of the use and interpretation of gene expression in clinical scenarios including recurrent pregnancy losses, infertility and multiple implantation failures are presented with currently available endometrial gene analysis. Utilizing the latest evidence and clinical guidelines, Endometrial Gene Expression will be a cutting-edge resource for gynecologist, reproductive immunologist, reproductive endocrinologists, obstetrician, maternal fetal medicine specialist and other health care providers in the field of reproductive medicine.
Author: Rodney D. Geisert
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319158562
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 271
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Book Description
Over the past few decades technological advances in transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and glycomics along with the ability to selectively knockout genes of interest has greatly advanced our understanding of maternal-conceptus interactions that are essential for the establishment and maintenance of a successful pregnancy. This knowledge provides a foundation from which to build research endeavors to help resolve infertility, embryonic loss and recurrent abortion in humans, captive wild animals and important farm species. The present volume on “Regulation of Implantation and Establishment of Pregnancy in Mammals” brings together current reviews from leading experts to address the diversity of mechanisms by which species establish and maintain pregnancy. Implantation in rodents, dogs, pigs, cattle, sheep, horses, primates, humans and embryonic diapause in wild species are discussed. Reviews will provide current knowledge on the role of endometrial steroid receptors, adhesion factors, cytokines, interferons, steroids, prostaglandins, growth factors and immune cells involved with regulation of conceptus development.
Author: Julie Whelan
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0470718145
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 192
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Book Description
The Novartis Foundation Series is a popular collection of the proceedings from Novartis Foundation Symposia, in which groups of leading scientists from a range of topics across biology, chemistry and medicine assembled to present papers and discuss results. The Novartis Foundation, originally known as the Ciba Foundation, is well known to scientists and clinicians around the world.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dissertations, Academic
Languages : en
Pages : 794
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Author: Koji Yoshinaga
Publisher: Adams Publishing Group
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 264
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Book Description
Author: Henry J. Norris
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 588
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Author: Guoyao Wu
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030856860
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 344
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Book Description
This book covers hot topics in the nutrition and metabolism of terrestrial and aquatic animals, including the interorgan transport and utilization of water, minerals, amino acids, glucose, and fructose; the development of alternatives to in-feed antibiotics for animals (e.g., swine and poultry); and metabolic disorders (or diseases) resulting from nutrient deficiencies. It enables readers to understand the crucial roles of nutrients in the nutrition, growth, development, and health of animals. Such knowledge has important implications for humans. Readers will also learn from well-written chapters about the use of new genome-editing biotechnologies to generate animals (e.g., cows and swine) as bioreactors that can produce large amounts of pharmaceutical proteins and other molecules to improve the health and well-being of humans and other animals, as well as the growth and productivity of farm animals. Furthermore, the book provides useful information on the use of animals (e.g., cattle, swine, sheep, chickens, and fish) as models in biomedical research to prevent and treat human diseases, develop infant formulas, and improve the cardiovascular and metabolic health of offspring with prenatal growth restriction. Editor of this book is an internationally recognized expert in nutrition and metabolisms. He has about 40 years of experience with research and teaching at world-class universities in the subject matters. He has published more than 660 papers in peer-reviewed journals, 90 chapters in books, and authored two text/reference books, with a very high H-index of 127 and more than 66,000 citations in Google Scholar. This publication is a useful reference for nutrition and biomedical professionals, as well as undergraduate and graduate students in animal science, aquaculture, zoology, wildlife, veterinary medicine, biology, biochemistry, food science, nutrition, pharmacology, physiology, toxicology, and other related disciplines. In addition, all chapters provide general and specific references to nutrition and metabolism for researchers and practitioners in animal agriculture (including aquaculture), dietitians, animal and human medicines, and for government policy makers.
Author: C. Hugh Tyndale-Biscoe
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521337922
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 496
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Book Description
The results of this compilation of new research on the reproductive physiology of marsupials reveal much about their patterns of reproduction and evolution in comparison to monotremes and eutherians.
