Author: Suzanne M. Bianchi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 224

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Author: Suzanne M. Bianchi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : African Americans
Languages : en
Pages : 241

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Author: Suzanne Marie Bianchi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309452961
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 583

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Book Description
In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.

Author: Katie E. Woodlieff
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Discrimination in housing
Languages : en
Pages : 108

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Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309092116
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 753

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In their later years, Americans of different racial and ethnic backgrounds are not in equally good-or equally poor-health. There is wide variation, but on average older Whites are healthier than older Blacks and tend to outlive them. But Whites tend to be in poorer health than Hispanics and Asian Americans. This volume documents the differentials and considers possible explanations. Selection processes play a role: selective migration, for instance, or selective survival to advanced ages. Health differentials originate early in life, possibly even before birth, and are affected by events and experiences throughout the life course. Differences in socioeconomic status, risk behavior, social relations, and health care all play a role. Separate chapters consider the contribution of such factors and the biopsychosocial mechanisms that link them to health. This volume provides the empirical evidence for the research agenda provided in the separate report of the Panel on Race, Ethnicity, and Health in Later Life.

Author: Dawn P. Witherspoon
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 303144115X
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 239

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This book examines the ways in which families can address racial and ethnic inequalities and racism and the impacts of these systems on health, education, and other family and family member outcomes. It addresses the historical context of race and racism in the United States, ethnic-racial socialization in families of color, and White parents’ attitudes and practices related to antiracist socialization. Chapters describe structural racism, debunk the myth of racial progress, and explore the representation of race and racism in family research; provide a historical account of ethnic-racial socialization literature, propose a model of ethnic-racial socialization of Latinx families; describe how racial socialization can be used therapeutically; and address White normativity, expand models of White racial socialization and learning, and grapple with the complexities of antiracist socialization. Finally, the volume offers recommendations for the field of family research to meaningfully include race and racism as well as provides suggestions for translational work in this area related to policies, programs, and practice. Featured areas of coverage include: Ethnic and racial socialization among families of color. White racial socialization and racial learning. Antiracist socialization. Opportunities for family research on race and racism to be used to enhance family policies and intervention programming. Family Socialization, Race, and Inequality in the United States is a must-have resource for researchers, professors, clinicians, professionals, and graduate students in developmental psychology, family studies, and sociology, as well as interrelated disciplines, including demography, social work, prevention science, public health, educational policy, political science, and economics.

Author: Roger A. Wojtkiewicz
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : African Americans
Languages : en
Pages : 406

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Author: Regina S. Baker
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Objective: To assess whether an indicator of structural racism - the legacy of slavery - impacts racial inequality in poverty among individuals within the same family structure. Background: Family structure is a dominant explanation for racial inequality in poverty. This overemphasis on an “individual-level” variable results in relatively less attention to the role of structural factors. Yet, structural factors, like the legacy of slavery, may be key to understanding how race and family structure intersect in the context of poverty. Method: We use data from the Luxembourg Income Study, the American Community Survey, and the Historical 1860 Census. Multilevel models link individual- and state-level data and separate models focus on counties. We assess whether a proxy of the legacy of slavery (i.e. the historical concentration of enslaved people in 1860) relates to Black-White inequality in poverty among single mother households and among married with children households in the U.S. South. Results: There is an impact of the legacy of slavery on Black-White inequality in poverty even within family type, but the legacy of slavery appears to be more consequential for married with children households than single mother households. Among married parent households, the racial gap in poverty is more pronounced where the legacy of slavery is stronger. Conclusion: Results suggests the link between family structure and racial inequality in poverty is overstated and more indirect, operating - at least partially - through structural racism Implications: This study challenges the perception of marriage as an anti-poverty mechanism. It also underscores the limitations of viewing family structure from an individual-level perspective when explaining racial inequality. Local manifestations of structural racism are part of how family structure matters for inequality in poverty.

Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309679540
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 107

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Book Description
Despite the changing demographics of the nation and a growing appreciation for diversity and inclusion as drivers of excellence in science, engineering, and medicine, Black Americans are severely underrepresented in these fields. Racism and bias are significant reasons for this disparity, with detrimental implications on individuals, health care organizations, and the nation as a whole. The Roundtable on Black Men and Black Women in Science, Engineering, and Medicine was launched at the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine in 2019 to identify key levers, drivers, and disruptors in government, industry, health care, and higher education where actions can have the most impact on increasing the participation of Black men and Black women in science, medicine, and engineering. On April 16, 2020, the Roundtable convened a workshop to explore the context for their work; to surface key issues and questions that the Roundtable should address in its initial phase; and to reach key stakeholders and constituents. This proceedings provides a record of the workshop.