Holographic Particle Sizing in Solid Fuel Ramjets PDF Download
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Author: Robert Paul Paty
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 49
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Book Description
An investigation was conducted to determine the suitability of a holographic technique as a diagnostic tool for metallized fuel combustion in a two-dimensional solid fuel ramjet. The highly metallized fuels were burned under conditions similar to actual flight conditions. If found suitable, the objective was to produce a three-dimensional image of a volume in the boundary layer above the fuel surface, and to determine the particle size distribution in that volume. This distribution could be used to validate current models which must assume particle size, and could lead to better estimates of fuel regression rates and combustion efficiencies. Once the conditions for sustained combustion were determined, the technique was successfully demonstrated, even in the presence of large amounts of smoke. Holograms were obtained at two different chamber pressures for each of the fuels. However, current resolution limits of the technique are not sufficient to reveal the vast majority of the particles in the combustor. Keywords: Solid fuel ramjet, Boron combustion, Metallized fuels, Ramjet, Holography. (kt).
Author: Robert Paul Paty
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 49
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Book Description
An investigation was conducted to determine the suitability of a holographic technique as a diagnostic tool for metallized fuel combustion in a two-dimensional solid fuel ramjet. The highly metallized fuels were burned under conditions similar to actual flight conditions. If found suitable, the objective was to produce a three-dimensional image of a volume in the boundary layer above the fuel surface, and to determine the particle size distribution in that volume. This distribution could be used to validate current models which must assume particle size, and could lead to better estimates of fuel regression rates and combustion efficiencies. Once the conditions for sustained combustion were determined, the technique was successfully demonstrated, even in the presence of large amounts of smoke. Holograms were obtained at two different chamber pressures for each of the fuels. However, current resolution limits of the technique are not sufficient to reveal the vast majority of the particles in the combustor. Keywords: Solid fuel ramjet, Boron combustion, Metallized fuels, Ramjet, Holography. (kt).
Author:
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ISBN:
Category : Aeronautics
Languages : en
Pages : 704
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Book Description
Author: James Allen Nabity
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Particle size measurements were obtained at the grain exit and nozzle entrance in a solid fuel ramjet combustor using a boron based fuel. The particle size distributions at the aft end of the fuel grain were generally quadra-modal, with mode peaks at 2, 4,15, and 25 - 45 microns. At the nozzle entrance the distributions were tri-modal, due to the complete oxidation of the 2 micron particles. Sauter mean diameter and the size of the largest agglomerates increased with increasing equivalence ratio (or grain length), indicating that the longer grains result in more surface agglomeration. Combustion efficiency increased with equivalence ratio. A direct correlation of particle size alone with combustion efficiency was not obvious and may require an accurate measurement of particle concentration. Keywords: Integral rocket ramjet engines; Rocket propellant grains; Solid fuel ramjet engines; Combustion; Laser particle measurement; Metallized rocket fuels. Theses. (edc).
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 90
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Book Description
Microscopic particles within an optical hologram reconstruction have been successfully measured using an image digitizer and a PC/AT computer. The hologram was recorded during a test burn of some solid rocket fuel and captured a 2 in x 2 in volume of burning particles as they lift from the fuel surface during combustion. The computer processes the digitized images using feature identification algorithms and sizing in the feature's horizontal dimension, its vertical dimension and area. The operation of the algorithms have been validated against calibration objects. Statistical tests show that about 1,300 particles from several image frames are required to obtain a representative size distribution. Overlying speckle degrades the resolution of the image and can be reduced by a variety of techniques. The performance of these speckle-reduction techniques has been measured and compared in the areas of speckle reduction, loss of resolution, and processing time. Program sizes and processing times have been compared for both FORTRAN and C-language versions of the processing program.
Author: James Allen Nabity
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 62
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Book Description
Particle size measurements were obtained at the grain exit and nozzle entrance in a solid fuel ramjet combustor using a boron based fuel. The particle size distributions at the aft end of the fuel grain were generally quadra-modal, with mode peaks at 2, 4,15, and 25 - 45 microns. At the nozzle entrance the distributions were tri-modal, due to the complete oxidation of the 2 micron particles. Sauter mean diameter and the size of the largest agglomerates increased with increasing equivalence ratio (or grain length), indicating that the longer grains result in more surface agglomeration. Combustion efficiency increased with equivalence ratio. A direct correlation of particle size alone with combustion efficiency was not obvious and may require an accurate measurement of particle concentration. Keywords: Integral rocket ramjet engines; Rocket propellant grains; Solid fuel ramjet engines; Combustion; Laser particle measurement; Metallized rocket fuels. Theses. (edc).
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Power resources
Languages : en
Pages : 1224
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Book Description
Author: Kenneth K. Kuo
Publisher: Springer
ISBN:
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 552
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Book Description
Author: Wade H. Shafer
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461305993
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 411
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Book Description
Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences was first conceived, published, and disseminated by the Center for Information and Numerical Data Analysis and Synthesis (CINDAS) * at Purdue University in 1 957, starting its coverage of theses with the academic year 1955. Beginning with Volume 13, the printing and dissemination phases of the activity were transferred to University Microfilms/Xerox of Ann Arbor, Michigan, with the thought that such an arrangement would be more beneficial to the academic and general scientific and technical community. After five years of this joint undertaking we had concluded that it was in the interest of all con cerned if the printing and distribution of the volumes were handled by an interna tional publishing house to assure improved service and broader dissemination. Hence, starting with Volume 18, Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences has been disseminated on a worldwide basis by Plenum Publishing Cor poration of New York, and in the same year the coverage was broadened to include Canadian universities. All back issues can also be ordered from Plenum. We have reported in Volume 32 (thesis year 1987) a total of 12,483 theses titles from 22 Canadian and 176 United States universities. We are sure that this broader base for these titles reported will greatly enhance the value of this important annual reference work. While Volume 32 reports theses submitted in 1987, on occasion, certain univer sities do report theses submitted in previous years but not reported at the time.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 626
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Book Description
Author: Crawford Alan III. Easterling
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 57
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Book Description
An investigation was conducted pursuant to the development of a holographic technique to be used in the study of particulates in metallized solid fuel ramjet combustion. Additionally, a technique for generating a time-space dependent temperature profile of a two-dimensional solid fuel ramjet fuel slab was developed. A holocamera was designed and constructed for use with a two-dimensional solid fuel ramjet. Eleven micron resolution was obtained using diffuse illumination. Initial attempts to obtain holograms were unsuccessful. The fuels tested either would not sustain or, produced copious amounts of smoke which precluded a sufficiently intense scene beam from reaching the holographic plate. Use of 0.005 inch diameter, Chromel-Alumel thermocouples, imbedded at measured depths in the fuel slab, provided subsurface temperature data as a function of time and location, until exposed to free stream conditions. Keywords: Solid Fuel ramjet, Boron combustion, Metallized fuels ramjet, Holography.
