Heterogeneous Interactions in the Interstellar Medium PDF Download
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Author: Kristopher T. Yirak
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 278
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Author: Kristopher T. Yirak
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 278
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Author: Shule Li
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 198
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Book Description
"Almost all interstellar objects contain inherent inhomogeneity. The inhomogeneity can manifest in many different ways, such as the uneven matter distribution in a molecular cloud, or the tangled magnetic field distribution in a Bok globule. The dynamics of interstellar objects is thus often governed by the interaction between astrophysical flows or shocks such as supernova blast waves with inhomogeneous objects. We categorize such interactions as 'heterogeneous flows' in general since many of their behaviors can be attributed to the heterogeneous nature of the underlying objects. At the computational physics group of the University of Rochester, we develop the highly sophisticated numerical tool AstroBEAR to study the physics of heterogeneous flows. One such problem is the heat conduction through interfaces between hot and cold magnetized plasmas. Through simulations, we find a simple mathematical relation for the rate of heat conduction as a function of the initial ratio of ordered to tangled field across the interface. The results can be applied to astrophysical objects such as magnetized wind blown bubbles (WBB) around evolved stars. The second problem involves the interaction between shocks and magnetized clumps. Using AstroBEAR, we consider the realistic circumstance in which the field is completely self-contained within the clumps. We find that the clump and magnetic evolution are sensitive to the fraction of magnetic field aligned with versus perpendicular to the shock normal. The relative strength of magnetic pressure and tension in the different field configurations allows us to analytically understand the different cases of postshock evolution. Interstellar heterogeneous flows can also lead to star formation. Based on the shock clump interaction model, star formation can be triggered by compression from wind or supernova driven shock waves that sweep over molecular clouds. This mechanism has been proposed as an explanation for short lived radioactive isotopes (SLRI) in the Solar System. Using AstroBEAR, we for the first time track the long term evolution of the triggering of a 1 [solar mass] cloud. We also demonstrate that through initial rotation, a circumstellar disk can be formed around such a triggering formed star. Recent progressions in the field of plasma physics, laser technology and instrumentation have led to lab platforms that are scalable to astrophysical objects. These platforms are ideal environments to study the heterogeneous flows directly. An important difference between the astrophysical objects and the lab platform is that the latter involves non-negligible resistivity. We introduce AstroBEAR simulations that investigate the magnetized shock-clump interaction problem under resistive MHD, and answer a crucial question regarding the lab design: in resistive MHD, under what conditions do the shocked behavior of a magnetized clump differ from a non-magnetized one? We find that for Rm [less-than or equal to] 100, it is impossible to distinguish the two, while for Rm [greater-than or equal to] 1000, the resistive MHD has similar morphological evolution as the ideal MHD. These numerical studies provide theoretical foundation for the study of heterogeneous flows, and give direct guidance towards observations and lab astrophysics designs"--Pages vi-vii.
Author: Brian M. Cancellieri
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781614708599
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 216
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Book Description
The interstellar medium (or ISM) is the matter that exists in the space between the star systems in a galaxy. This matter includes gas in ionic, atomic, and molecular form, dust, and cosmic rays. It fills interstellar space and blends smoothly into the surrounding intergalactic space. This book presents topical research in the study of interstellar medium, including explosive processes in the interstellar medium as sources of ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays; heteronuclear diatomics in diffuse and translucent clouds; far ultraviolet observations of the Large Magellanic Cloud; MDH simulations of Parker instability undergoing cosmic-ray diffusion; deuterium in the interstellar medium and interaction of planetary nebulae, Eta-Carinae and supernova remnants with the interstellar medium.
Author: Mordecai-Mark Mac Low
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Mass loss (Astrophysics)
Languages : en
Pages : 228
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Author: Michal Zajaček
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Gandhari Wattal
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 128
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Book Description
In this thesis a study of shocks traversing over inhomogeneities is presented. While this kind of interaction is found in various branches of science such as Inertial Confinement Fusion, Nautical Cavitation, Sonoluminescence this thesis is primarily inclined towards the astrophysical context. Shocks are found in many different scenarios in astronomy such as in supernova remnants, collisions of galaxies, jets propagating through the Intra Cluster Medium. Astrophysical flows are often heterogeneous and multi phase such as the gas in the Interstellar Medium, Intra Cluster Medium. The interaction of shocks with these inhomogeneities is interesting in itself as well as the impact that this interaction might have on the thermodynamics of the surrounding medium is worth investigating. The main focus of this thesis is on the case where an external shock propagates over inhomogeneities in the Intra Cluster Medium. While the hydrodynamics of this shock bubble interaction has been done earlier, the Intra Cluster Medium is magnetised and this was a important question that this thesis tries to answer. Along with varying the strength, topology variation and its impact on the interaction was studied. An interesting extension to the problem of the spherical inhomogeneity interacting with a shock is to look at the case where the circumference of the inhomogeneity has a corrugation and what impact that would have on the vorticity and the flow field that develops. This was the basis of the last project in this thesis.
Author: International Astronomical Union. Symposium
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521863469
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 544
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Book Description
New stars form in the dense turbulent gas clouds of galaxies, and the formation of these clouds is the subject of the IAU S237. This book is the most up-to-date review of all aspects of cloud and star formation, and one of the few compendiums available on ISM turbulence.
Author: Valerio Pirronello
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 940100062X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 466
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Book Description
The fundamental role that Astrochemistry plays into regulating the processes that in interstellar clouds lead to the formation of stars, and how these processes concur into affecting the shape and the dynamics of galaxies and hence into showing the Universe in the way it appears to us is well established. Together with those occurring in the gas phase a special relevance is recognized to processes that involve interstellar dust grains, the solid component of matter diffused among stars. The school on "Solid State Astrochemistry", held at the Ettore Majorana Centre for Scientific Culture in Erice (Sicily) from the 5th to the 15th of June 2000, was the fifth course of the International School of Space Chemistry. In spite of its very focused aim it was attended by 66 participants from 17 different countries, that in the very special environment provided by the Majorana Centre, discussed in great details the various aspects of the subject.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Nuclear energy
Languages : en
Pages : 912
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Author: Franz Saija
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN: 1839164360
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 264
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Book Description
Photochemistry is an important facet in the study of the origin of life and prebiotic chemistry. Solar photons are the unique source of the large amounts of energy likely required to initiate the organisation of matter to produce biological life. The Miller–Urey experiment simulated the conditions thought to be present on the early earth and supported the hypothesis that under such conditions complex organic compounds could be synthesised from simpler inorganic precursors. The experiment inspired many others, including the production of various alcohols, aldehydes and organic acids through UV-photolysis of water vapour with carbon monoxide. This book covers the photochemical aspects of the study of prebiotic and origin of life chemistry an ideal companion for postgraduates and researchers in prebiotic chemistry, photochemistry, photobiology, chemical biology and astrochemistry.
