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Author: Lesbia F. Smith
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aluminum
Languages : en
Pages : 89
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Book Description
Author: Lesbia F. Smith
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aluminum
Languages : en
Pages : 89
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Book Description
Author: Ontario. Industrial Disease Standards Panel
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aluminum
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309171938
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 534
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Book Description
Ignition of upholstered furniture by small open flames from matches, cigarette lighters, and candles is one of the leading causes of residential-fire deaths in the United States. These fires accounted for about 16% of civilian fire deaths in 1996. On average, each year since 1990, about 90 deaths (primarily of children), 440 injuries, and property losses amounting to 50 million dollars have resulted from fires caused by the ignition of upholstered furniture by small open flames. Certain commercial seating products (such as aircraft and bus seats) are subject to flammability standards and sometimes incorporate FR-treated upholstery cover materials, but there is no federal-government requirement for residential upholstered furniture, and it is generally not treated with FR chemicals. It is estimated that less than 0.2% of all U.S. residential upholstery fabric is treated with flame-retardant (FR) chemicals. The Consumer Product Safety Act of 1972 created the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) as an independent federal regulatory agency whose mission is to protect the public from unreasonable risks of injury and death associated with consumer products. CPSC also administers the Flammable Fabrics Act, under which it regulates flammability hazards and the Federal Hazardous Substances Act (FHSA), which regulates hazardous substances including chemicals. In 1993, the National Association of State Fire Marshals petitioned CPSC to issue a performance-based flammability standard for upholstered furniture to reduce the risk of residential fires. The Commission granted that portion of the petition relating to small open flame ignition risks. In response to concerns regarding the safety of FR chemicals, Congress, in the fiscal year 1999 appropriations report for CPSC, requested that the National Research Council conduct an independent study of the health risks to consumers posed by exposure to FR chemicals that are likely to be used in residential upholstered furniture to meet a CPSC standard. The National Research Council assigned the project to the Committee on Toxicology (COT) of the Commission on Life Sciences' Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology. COT convened the Subcommittee on Flame-Retardant Chemicals, which prepared this report. Subcommittee members were chosen for their recognized expertise in toxicology, pharmacology, epidemiology, chemistry, exposure assessment, risk assessment, and biostatistics. Toxicological Risks of Selected Flame-Retardant Chemicals is organized into 18 chapters and two appendices. Chapter 2 describes the risk assessment process used by the subcommittee in determining the risk associated with potential exposure to the various FR chemicals. Chapter 3 describes the method the subcommittee used to measure and estimate the intensity, frequency, extent, and duration of human exposure to FR chemicals. Chapters 4-19 provide the subcommittee's review and assessment of health risks posed by exposure to each of the 16 FR chemicals. Data gaps and research needs are provided at the end of these chapters.
Author:
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
ISBN: 9780756708399
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 396
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Book Description
This report provides information about aluminum and the human health effects of exposure. This chemical has been found in many sites identified by the EPA for long-term Federal cleanup activities. The report includes a Public Health Statement which explains the toxicologic properties of aluminum in a nontechnical, Q&A format, and a review of the general health effects observed following exposure; a description of health effects; how the chemical can affect children; and information on its chemical and physical properties, production, use and disposal, potential for human exposure, analytical methods, and regulations and advisories.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Health risk assessment
Languages : en
Pages : 308
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Book Description
Author: Gloria J. Hathaway
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 9780471268833
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 808
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Book Description
The indispensable resource for health professionals on potentially unsafe chemicals--now fully updated Proctor and Hughes' Chemical Hazards of the Workplace, Fifth Edition provides a comprehensive reference text for health professionals who need toxicology data on chemicals that may be encountered in various work settings. Building on the success of the Fourth Edition-already a standard text-this new edition updates and revises the more than 600 entries of that text, and also adds monographs on new compounds. Introductory chapters cover toxicological concepts, clinical manifestations of exposure, the diagnosis of occupational disease, and industrial hygiene aspects of chemical exposures. The rest of the text consists of more than 625 alphabetically arranged entries on individual compounds, each of which includes: * Chemical formula * CAS number * 2003 ACGIH (American Conference of Government Industrial Hygienists) threshold limit value * Synonyms * Physical properties * Sources of exposure * Routes of exposure * Toxicological data The toxicological data includes both acute and chronic effects, especially as related to any known exposure levels. The data emphasizes human studies and cases over animal data whenever sufficient information is available, and addresses any known carcinogenic, mutagenic, fetotoxic, or other reproductive effects. Clinical information is presented in a succinct narrative form to aid in understanding. Easy to use, in-depth, and comprehensive, Proctor and Hughes' Chemical Hazards of the Workplace, Fifth Edition offers occupational health physicians, nurses, industrial hygienists, and other safety professionals an invaluable and up-to-date resource.
Author: Lars Friberg
Publisher: Elsevier Science & Technology
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 758
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Book Description
Chapters on specific metals include physical and chemical properties, methods and problems of analysis, production and uses, environmental levels and exposures, metabolism, levels in tissues and biological fluids, effects and dose-response relationships, carcinogenicity, mutagenicity, teratogenicity and preventative measures, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 030906371X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 336
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Book Description
Incineration has been used widely for waste disposal, including household, hazardous, and medical wasteâ€"but there is increasing public concern over the benefits of combusting the waste versus the health risk from pollutants emitted during combustion. Waste Incineration and Public Health informs the emerging debate with the most up-to-date information available on incineration, pollution, and human healthâ€"along with expert conclusions and recommendations for further research and improvement of such areas as risk communication. The committee provides details on: Processes involved in incineration and how contaminants are released. Environmental dynamics of contaminants and routes of human exposure. Tools and approaches for assessing possible human health effects. Scientific concerns pertinent to future regulatory actions. The book also examines some of the social, psychological, and economic factors that affect the communities where incineration takes place and addresses the problem of uncertainty and variation in predicting the health effects of incineration processes.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 360
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aluminum
Languages : en
Pages : 168
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Book Description
