Habitat Characterization of the Lone Star Tick (Amblyomma Americanum) Using Remote Sensing and GIS PDF Download
Are you looking for read ebook online? Search for your book and save it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Download Habitat Characterization of the Lone Star Tick (Amblyomma Americanum) Using Remote Sensing and GIS PDF full book. Access full book title Habitat Characterization of the Lone Star Tick (Amblyomma Americanum) Using Remote Sensing and GIS by Katherine Hansen. Download full books in PDF and EPUB format.
Author: Katherine Hansen
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Public health
Languages : en
Pages : 78
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Katherine Hansen
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Public health
Languages : en
Pages : 78
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Steven Mack Presley
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 264
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Brian Hendricks (Professor of epidemiology)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Amblyomma
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Get Book Here
Book Description
The status of tick-borne diseases (TBD) in the southeastern United States is uncertain due to a number of factors including, but not limited to emerging pathogens, misdiagnoses, and modifications to landscapes. Ehrlichiosis and rickettiosis are two of the most common TBDs; these are caused by Ehrlichia and Rickettsia bacteria that can be transmitted by a number of different tick species. The objectives of this study were to identify Amblyomma americanum (the Lone Star tick) peak activity and habitat preferences and characterize the potential role of A. americanum in tick-borne disease cycles in southwestern Tennessee. Using vegetation drags and CO2-baited traps, ticks were collected monthly from May to September 2012 from 100 sites on the Ames Plantation Research and Education Center (Ames). Using a one-way analysis of variance, we identified the peak activity of A. americanum for adults as being in May or June and of nymphs as being bimodal with a peak in June and again in August. Trapping data were analyzed in a contingency table; results indicated significant trapping differences in the number of nymphs and adults collected by the two trapping methods. Environmental and trapping data were correlated using an ANCOVA to evaluate trapping efficacy under different environmental stressors and to identify landscapes in which A. americanum adults and nymphs are notably more abundant. Of 925 adult A. americanum screened for Ehrlichia and Rickettsia bacteria, 1.8% (n = 17) and 38% (n = 353) were PCR positive, of which 8 ticks (0.8%) were positive with both pathogens. Using ArcGIS we displayed pathogen positive A. americanum locations; calculating Moran's I for each pathogen indicated there was no significant clustering among pathogen positive locations. The identification of pathogens and co-infections within A. americanum from western Tennessee warrants further investigations to understand the role ticks and their environment have in the distribution of TBD.
Author: J. Alexander Hair
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agriculture
Languages : en
Pages : 56
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Bertram Sacktor
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 354
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Melinda S. Meade
Publisher: Guilford Press
ISBN: 1606236911
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 529
Get Book Here
Book Description
The leading text in the field, this comprehensive book reviews geographic approaches to studying disease and public health issues across the globe. It presents cutting-edge techniques of spatial and social analysis and explores their relevance for understanding cultural and political ecology, disease systems, and health promotion. Essential topics include how new diseases emerge and epidemics develop in particular places; the intersecting influences on health of biological processes, culture, environment, and behavior; and the changing landscape of health care planning and service delivery. The text is richly illustrated with tables, figures, and maps, including 16 color plates.
Author: Joanna Kathleen Weeks
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 90
Get Book Here
Book Description
Amblyomma americanum, or the lone star tick (LST), is the most prevalent tick in the southeastern United States, and is known to transmit the bacterium Ehrlichia chaffeensis, responsible for the disease, human monocytic ehrlichiosis (HME). Despite the LST's prevalence and connection with disease, little research has been published explaining LST spatial variation on a regional scale. The objectives of this study were to determine prevalence of Ehrlichia chaffeensis and identify factors influencing LST distribution across the Virginia peninsula. I sampled ticks at 101 random sites stratified along an urban-rural gradient in 2010 and 2012. I counted ticks at each site along two 30- m transects and when possible, collected up to 20 nymph ticks per site for laboratory analysis. Nucleic acid was extracted from pooled sites of up to 20 nymph ticks in 2010 and 2012. Polymerase Chain Reaction was used to amplify DNA coding for 16s rRNA unique to E. chaffeensis. Amplicons were observed at a total of eight sites. Though bacterial prevalence was too low to model, the results of this study indicated the importance of determining variables that best predict LST density in order to minimize the risk of human contact with LSTs carrying disease. The nymph LST counts were modeled using a count-based regression analysis. A hierarchical information-theoretic modeling process was used to determine best predictor variables, which were selected using Akaike's information criterion corrected (AICc). The top models were averaged into a final model and then spatially applied in Geographic Information Systems (GIS). My study indicated that the proportion of mesic oak forest at the 300-m scale was the most important positive predictor of lone star nymph count, followed by deer habitat use measured at the sampling scale, and the edge density of mesic oak forest and other land cover patches at the 240-m scale. The strongest negative predictor was the proportion of early successional land cover at the1600-m scale, followed by the decay distance to forest edge, and ground feeding bird density. The results of this project provide an opportunity to employ bio-informed land management in the Virginia Peninsula in order to decrease the number of lone star nymphs and minimize the public risk of contracting E. chaffeensis bacteria.
Author: Jeffery Alan Meyer
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Ticks
Languages : en
Pages : 51
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: George Lambert McCoy
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Ticks
Languages : en
Pages : 176
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Rebekah Lynn Bullard
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Amblyomma
Languages : en
Pages : 165
Get Book Here
Book Description
Ticks are blood sucking arthropods that feed on living hosts for up to three weeks. The ticks secrete a multitude of pharmacologically active proteins into the host during feeding which allow the tick to avoid the host immune response, establish a blood pool, and form a firm attachment. The firm attachment is facilitated by the formation of a cement cone which surrounds the tick mouthparts and intertwine between the host skin layers. In this study, gene expression of 44 A. americanum genes was measured throughout the bloodmeal to reveal the differential expression of these genes. Each of the genes tested exhibits a differential expression; however, at least one gene of each family is expressed throughout feeding. To further study the tick cement cones, an in vitro feeding system was developed which feeds nymph and adult ticks through a silicone membrane for an extended period of time better mimicking in vivo feeding than other in vitro methods. This allows the cement cone to form with no interference from skin host and hair. The cement cones were then collected and structurally compared to in vivo fed cement cones. Structural differences were identified; however, in vitro feeding allows for cone collection much earlier in the feeding process. A GRP was identified from both in vivo and in vitro fed cones, and a subset of GRPs were studied using RNA interference. The GRPs studied did not have any role in cement cone formation; however, there was significant change in microbial presence in the salivary glands. Inconsistent gene expression data in knock down ticks led to identification of differential expression during the stress response. --Page ii.
