Glycerol to Propylene Glycol PDF Download
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Author: Dan Gallagher
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 321
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Author: Dan Gallagher
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 321
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Book Description
Author: Lizanette Rivera-Ramos
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electronic dissertations
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Hydrogenolysis of glycerol to propylene glycol was performed at lower temperatures and pressures using concentrated glycerol. Reactions were carried out at 180, 200, 220, and 240°C and at a system pressure of 1, 2, and 4 bars in the presence of a copper-chromite catalyst. The effect of temperature, pressure, residence time, water content, and H2: Glycerol mole ratios were evaluated. All results indicate that lower temperatures and higher pressures promote the selectivity on conversion of glycerol to propylene glycol. The amount of byproducts decreased with decreasing the residence time. Product quality correlates with lower water content. Catalyst productivity increased with decreasing H2: Glycerol mole ratio. An optimal H2: Glycerol mole ratio is near 15:1. Lower temperatures (220°C) are the preferred operated conditions to increase the catalyst productivity. The results are also fully consistent with a two-step reaction in which the second step of conversion of acetol to propylene glycol is equilibrium limited.
Author: Chuang-Wei Chiu
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Chromium-copper alloys
Languages : en
Pages :
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This research is focused on developing a method that is applicable to the industrial-scale production of propylene glycol from glycerol with considerably high conversions and yields. The fundamental understanding behind this glycerol technology paves the way for future work on exploring some more commodity chemicals that will be derived from natural resources. Acetol was successfully isolated from dehydration of glycerol as the transient intermediate indicates that the reaction process for producing propylene glycerol with high selectivity can be done in two steps. Reactive distillation technology was employed to shift the equilibrium towards the right and achieve high yields. This catalytic process provides an alternative route for the production of propylene glycol from renewable resources. The low-pressure vapor-phase catalytic processing using copper-chromite catalyst has been proven as feasible for producing propylene glycol from glycerol. This approach was demonstrated in a continuous process to address the concerns of scalability and suitability for large scale production. The vapor-phase reaction approach allows glycerol to be converted to propylene glycol in a single reactor. A two-step reaction process to produce propylene glycol from glycerol via an acetol intermediate was proposed and validated. A large scale process is thereby potentially viable.
Author: Intratec
Publisher: Intratec Solutions
ISBN: 1945324856
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 52
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This report presents a cost analysis of Propylene Glycol production from glycerol using a vapor-phase process. The process examined is similar to Davy Technologies process. In this process, technical grade glycerol (99.5 wt% glycerol content) is used as feedstock and ethylene glycol is generated as by-product. This report examines one-time costs associated with the construction of a United States-based plant and the continuing costs associated with the daily operation of such a plant. More specifically, it discusses: * Capital Investment, broken down by: - Total fixed capital required, divided in production unit (ISBL); infrastructure (OSBL) and contingency - Alternative perspective on the total fixed capital, divided in direct costs, indirect costs and contingency - Working capital and costs incurred during industrial plant commissioning and start-up * Production cost, broken down by: - Manufacturing variable costs (raw materials, utilities) - Manufacturing fixed costs (maintenance costs, operating charges, plant overhead, local taxes and insurance) - Depreciation and corporate overhead costs * Raw materials consumption, products generation and labor requirements * Process block flow diagram and description of industrial site installations (production unit and infrastructure) Keywords: Glycerin, Davy Process Technology, DPT, Propane-1,2-diol, Hydrogenolysis, Cargill, Ashland
Author: Intratec
Publisher: Intratec Solutions
ISBN: 1945324864
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 52
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Book Description
This report presents a cost analysis of Propylene Glycol production from glycerol using a liquid-phase process. The process examined is similar to Suppes process. In this process, technical grade glycerol (99.5 wt% glycerol content) is used as feedstock and ethylene glycol is generated as by-product. This report examines one-time costs associated with the construction of a United States-based plant and the continuing costs associated with the daily operation of such a plant. More specifically, it discusses: * Capital Investment, broken down by: - Total fixed capital required, divided in production unit (ISBL); infrastructure (OSBL) and contingency - Alternative perspective on the total fixed capital, divided in direct costs, indirect costs and contingency - Working capital and costs incurred during industrial plant commissioning and start-up * Production cost, broken down by: - Manufacturing variable costs (raw materials, utilities) - Manufacturing fixed costs (maintenance costs, operating charges, plant overhead, local taxes and insurance) - Depreciation and corporate overhead costs * Raw materials consumption, products generation and labor requirements * Process block flow diagram and description of industrial site installations (production unit and infrastructure) Keywords: Glycerin, Senergy Chemical, Propane-1,2-diol, Hydrogenolysis
Author: Suchart Panyad
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 160
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Author: Gerhard Knothe
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0983507260
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 516
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Book Description
The second edition of this invaluable handbook covers converting vegetable oils, animal fats, and used oils into biodiesel fuel. The Biodiesel Handbook delivers solutions to issues associated with biodiesel feedstocks, production issues, quality control, viscosity, stability, applications, emissions, and other environmental impacts, as well as the status of the biodiesel industry worldwide. Incorporates the major research and other developments in the world of biodiesel in a comprehensive and practical format Includes reference materials and tables on biodiesel standards, unit conversions, and technical details in four appendices Presents details on other uses of biodiesel and other alternative diesel fuels from oils and fats
Author: Norman Owen Birge
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Glycols
Languages : en
Pages : 12
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Book Description
Author: Issariya Chirddilok
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 142
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Author: Mohd Hanif Mohamad
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Catalysts
Languages : en
Pages : 240
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Book Description
