Global Radiation Resulting from Multiple Scattering in a Rayleigh Atmosphere PDF Download
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Author: D. Deirmendjian
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Light
Languages : en
Pages : 398
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Book Description
Author: D. Deirmendjian
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Light
Languages : en
Pages : 398
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Book Description
Author: Liou
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0080954596
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 409
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Book Description
An Introduction to Atmospheric Radiation
Author: Knut Stamnes
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1108210422
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 531
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Book Description
This new and completely updated edition gives a detailed description of radiative transfer processes at a level accessible to advanced students. The volume gives the reader a basic understanding of global warming and enhanced levels of harmful ultraviolet radiation caused by ozone depletion. It teaches the basic physics of absorption, scattering and emission processes in turbid media, such as the atmosphere and ocean, using simple semi-classical models. The radiative transfer equation, including multiple scattering, is formulated and solved for several prototype problems, using both simple approximate and accurate numerical methods. In addition, the reader has access to a powerful, state-of-the-art computational code for simulating radiative transfer processes in coupled atmosphere-water systems including snow and ice. This computational code can be regarded as a powerful educational aid, but also as a research tool that can be applied to solve a variety of research problems in environmental sciences.
Author: Muhammad Iqbal
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0323151817
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 409
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Book Description
An Introduction to Solar Radiation is an introductory text on solar radiation, with emphasis on the methods of calculation for determining the amount of solar radiation incident on a surface on the earth. Topics covered include the astronomical relationship between the sun and the earth; thermal radiation; the solar constant and its spectral distribution; and extraterrestrial solar irradiation. This book is comprised of 12 chapters and begins with an overview of the trigonometric relationships between the sun-earth line and the position of an inclined surface, followed by a discussion on the characteristics of blackbody radiation. The next chapter focuses on the solar constant and its spectral distribution, paying particular attention to extraterrestrial solar spectral irradiance and the sun's blackbody temperature. Subsequent chapters explore extraterrestrial and radiation incident on inclined planes; the optics of a cloudless-sky atmosphere; solar spectral radiation and total (broadband) radiation under cloudless skies; and solar radiation arriving at horizontal surfaces on the earth through cloudy skies. The ground albedo and its spectral and angular variation are also described, along with insolation on inclined surfaces. The last chapter is devoted to instruments for measuring solar radiation, including pyrheliometers and pyranometers. This monograph will serve as a useful guide for energy analysts, designers of thermal devices, architects and engineers, agronomists, and hydrologists as well as senior graduate students.
Author: Toby N. Carlson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Solar radiation
Languages : en
Pages : 36
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Book Description
Author: Anne B. Kahle
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Astrophysics
Languages : en
Pages : 22
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Book Description
Calculations of the total radiation emerging from planetary atmospheres optically thicker than those of the earth. For Rayleigh scattering and Lambert reflectivity, the flux is determined for a wide range of solar elevations, ground reflectivities, and optical depths. For very large surface reflectivities there is more radiation downward onto a planet at the bottom of a thick atmosphere than is received at the top because the radiation that does penetrate undergoes multiple reflection. The total radiation absorbed by the surface plus the corresponding diffuse upward radiation always equals the input flow. Bond albedo is determined by numericaly integration. It approaches the value of the ground reflectivity as optical thickness approaches zero, and approaches 1 as it becomes very large. (Author).
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Mechanics, Applied
Languages : en
Pages : 608
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Book Description
Author: United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aeronautics
Languages : en
Pages : 606
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Book Description
Author: Anne Bettine Kahle
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Radiative transfer
Languages : en
Pages : 410
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Book Description
The problem of radiative transfer in plane-parallel, perfectly scattering atmosphere is described. Chandrasekhar's solution applicable to atmospheres of small and moderate optical thickness is outlined. His solution reduces the problem to that of determining the X-, Y-, K-, and L-functions, the scattering functions. Mullikin has extended this method of solution to atmospheres of large optical thickness. Sekera and Kahle have used Mullikin's method of solution of calculating the emergent radiation from plane-parallel Rayleigh-scattering atmospheres of large optical thickness. Their numerical results are reproduced here in the Appendix, as tables of scattering functions. The numerical method for determining the intensity and polarization of the radiation emerging from the top and bottom of atmospheres is given, and suggestions for additional uses of the tables are made. Finally, a few examples of representative calculations are presented. (Author).
Author: Kinsell Coulson
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0323155510
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 335
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Book Description
Solar and Terrestrial Radiation: Methods and Measurements basically summarizes instruments used in routine measurements of solar and terrestrial radiation at the earth’s surface. Because of developments in this field, these certain instruments are sufficiently relevant for meteorological and climatological purposes. Although the emphasis of the book is on the radiation instrumentation, basic theory is still covered and discussed for the purpose of understanding basic radiative processes in the atmosphere. The featured instruments in this book show that if used properly, these instruments can eliminate certain deficiencies in climatological data and routine monitoring of the radiative regime of the surface and lower atmosphere. However, the scope of the study is limited in which they cannot be of use in terms of being precise in studies of climatic change, spectral distribution of atmospheric radiation, and other specific meteorological and technological requirements. This book is designed to be of valuable use to meteorologists, climatologists, and physicists. Students, specifically graduate students, can also make use of the book as well.
