Genotype-by-environment Interactions for Maize (Zea Mays L.) Hybrid Characteristics in Eastern Nebraska PDF Download
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Author: Benjamin W. Christen
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Genotype-environment interaction
Languages : en
Pages : 208
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Book Description
Author: Benjamin W. Christen
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Genotype-environment interaction
Languages : en
Pages : 208
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Book Description
Author: Kingstone Mashingaidze
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Corn
Languages : en
Pages : 372
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Author: Kaushal Kishore Lal
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Corn
Languages : en
Pages : 128
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Author: Omari Mumani Odongo
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 242
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Author: Kathryn Michel
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Maize (Zea mays L.) yield is a highly quantitative trait controlled by many loci of small effect, the environment, and genotype by environment interactions, which make it a difficult trait to study at the gene level. However, yield may be broken into components such as ear and kernel size and shape, which are more heritable than yield measured in small plots. Multiparent advanced generation intercross (MAGIC) populations and diversity panels are two types of populations that are useful for identifying quantitative trait loci (QTL) that influence phenotypes. This dissertation contains three research projects designed to investigate the control of quantitative traits impacting maize yield. First, we present the genomes of five founders of a Stiff Stalk MAGIC population. Between the reference inbred B73 and the other five inbreds, we found substantial genetic and genomic variation in addition to conservation of haplotypes from the base population from which the inbreds were selected. Second, we describe the Wisconsin-Stiff Stalk-MAGIC population, its associated resources, and demonstrate QTL mapping and genomic prediction for flowering time and plant height. Flowering time and plant height are important characteristics in hybrid maize breeding, so we measured them in both the per se population and two test-crossed hybrid populations. We found that QTL detection depended on the tester used, which was consistent with lower genomic predictive ability when training models with per se data to predict hybrid phenotypes. Third, we used a high throughput image analysis pipeline to measure yield components on four MAGIC populations and a diversity panel. We performed genetic mapping to identify candidate genes underlying ear and kernel size and shape. We found substantial overlap of our results across traits within and between populations and overlap with known metaQTL identified through previous studies. The results from these projects provide new insight into the genetic control of traits including flowering time, plant height, and the size and shape of ears and kernels, all of which impact overall maize yield.
Author: Javier Antonio Fernandez
Publisher:
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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In maize (Zea mays L.), the largest staple crop in the world, nitrogen (N) represents a major limiting factor for productivity. However, improving N use efficiency (NUE) is still one of the most critical research issues to achieve food security in a context affected by climate change. This dissertation is structured in six chapters (Chapter 1, Introduction, and Chapter 6, Conclusions) outlining the agronomic and physiological traits associated with a better N utilization in US maize hybrids across Genotype x Environment x Management (G x E x M) conditions, with emphasis on the implications of long-term genetic selection. Chapter 2 presents a comprehensive meta-analysis on a diverse dataset assembled from field studies from 1983 until 2018 to compare early- versus late-season N (applied after tenth-leaf) fertilization effects on yield and N recovery efficiency. Results provided evidence for the lack of a main effect of late N application on yields but suggest the existence of crop growth conditions prone to a greater reproductive N uptake where this practice might be suitable. Throughout multiple field trials, Chapter 3-5 advanced in our understanding of how long-term genetic improvement has modified N dynamics across G x M scenarios. Chapter 3 proposes a novel N by carbon (C) framework to analyze and define key morpho-physiological traits of breeding interest that allow modern maize plants to achieve higher productivity and NUE. Results show both an earlier stem N remobilization and a decline in grain N concentration are key drivers of N utilization efficiency in modern hybrids. Chapter 4 documents the underlying fluxes of post-flowering N allocation and translocation dynamics behind genetic improvement over time in field-grown corn. This research suggests that direct selection for yield has indirectly favored N allocation to leaves in modern genotypes resulting in an improved post-flowering C accumulation. Finally, Chapter 5 explores historical changes in the contribution of grain weight and its physiological characteristics to maize genetic progress. This research evidences a significant contribution of increments in grain weight in US maize but concludes the trade-off between grain number and weight poses a challenge for future yield progress.
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Weikai Yan
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1420040375
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 287
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Book Description
Research data is expensive and precious, yet it is seldom fully utilized due to our ability of comprehension. Graphical display is desirable, if not absolutely necessary, for fully understanding large data sets with complex interconnectedness and interactions. The newly developed GGE biplot methodology is a superior approach to the graphical analys
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agriculture
Languages : en
Pages : 1006
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Author: J. G. Coors
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780891185499
Category : Electronic books
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Explore the momentous contributions of hybrid crop varieties with worldwide experts. Topics include an overview, quantitative genetics, genetic diversity, biochemistry and molecular biology, methodologies, commercial strategies, and examples from numerous crops.
