Genetic Evaluation of Crossbred Dairy Cattle for Milk Production, Feed Efficiency and Reproduction PDF Download
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Author: Frantz Supreme
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dairy cattle
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author: Frantz Supreme
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dairy cattle
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Feed efficiency is an economically important trait in the dairy cattle industry, and feed costs accounts for more than 50% of total production costs. Prediction of genetic breeding value has been a focus of animal breeding since the beginning of the 20th century. Because of ongoing genetic selection for productivity and improvement in herd management, the efficiency of converting feed to milk in U.S. dairy cattle has doubled over the past 60 years due to dilution of maintenance. It is widely recognized that additional selection based on biological differences between individuals in feed efficiency is highly desirable. The emergence of high dimensional genomic data offers opportunities for selection and evaluation of feed efficiency directly through whole genome-enabled prediction. This thesis centers on genetic evaluation and prediction of traits related to feed efficiency in dairy cattle using whole genome molecular markers. We investigated various whole genome prediction approaches tailored to capturing total genetic variation, with the goal of enhancing predictive performance for feed efficiency and related traits. In particular, this thesis includes three studies. In the first study, a semi-supervised learning approach was introduced, and its prediction accuracy was assessed using residual feed intake (RFI) data. The second study compared an interaction model with within- and across-environment components using data from multiple environments to estimate genomic variances and assess the accuracy of genomic predictions for RFI and its component traits. The third study involved genetic evaluation of direct and maternal stillbirth rate, a trait that contributes to whole farm production efficiency, using data of Brown Swiss, Jersey, and Holstein bulls. Our results indicate that, while selection on feed efficiency in dairy cattle using whole genome molecular markers is promising, low accuracy of prediction remains an ongoing challenge due to the limited size of the reference population. Pooling data across countries or production systems is an option for increasing size of the reference population, but genotype by environment interactions and population stratification must be addressed. Ongoing collection of individual feed intake records is necessary to improve prediction accuracy, in terms of increasing the size of the reference population and ensuring that reference animals are closely related to the current selection candidates.
Author: Marija Klopcic
Publisher: BRILL
ISBN: 9086866573
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 281
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Book Description
The past decade has revealed unfavourable trends in e.g. fertility, udder health and locomotion in some major dairy cattle breeds due to a large increase in production and insufficient consideration of functional traits in the breeding goals. Such unfavourable trends in some functional traits increase costs. Additionally, the enlargement of herds leads to less available labour time per individual cow. This asks for cows that are easy to handle. At the same time, society is demanding a higher welfare standard of animals. These contradicting developments have increased the desire for so called more robust animals. Robustness can be defined as 'the ability to maintain homeostasis in commonly accepted and sustainable herds of the near future'; or 'the ability of the cow to function well in the environment she lives in as well as in a wide range of climates and production systems'. This book contains a series of articles (26) dealing with the concept of robustness, including aspects like evolution, genetics, environment, animal health and welfare, and integrity. Besides the major functional traits also the links to energy balance, hot climatic conditions, and the attitude and input of stakeholders towards robustness as part of the breeding program are discussed. This book is the first attempt to summarise the available knowledge concerning this topic in cattle, making this book unique. The contributions are from authors of 16 countries from all over the world. However, the focus is presently on farm animal level, while in future robustness of the whole production system may also require additional attention.
Author: United States. Agricultural Research Service. Animal Husbandry Research Division
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 16
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Author: Julius Van der Werf
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781786762986
Category : Cattle
Languages : en
Pages : 659
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Book Description
Author: Sompop Kassumma
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 346
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Book Description
Author: Marija Klopčič
Publisher: Brill Wageningen Academic
ISBN: 9789086860845
Category : Cattle
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
The past decade has revealed unfavourable trends in e.g. fertility, udder health and locomotion in some major dairy cattle breeds due to a large increase in production and insufficient consideration of functional traits in the breeding goals. Such unfavourable trends in some functional traits increase costs. Additionally, the enlargement of herds leads to less available labour time per individual cow. This asks for cows that are easy to handle. At the same time, society is demanding a higher welfare standard of animals. These contradicting developments have increased the desire for so called more robust animals. Robustness can be defined as 'the ability to maintain homeostasis in commonly accepted and sustainable herds of the near future'; or 'the ability of the cow to function well in the environment she lives in as well as in a wide range of climates and production systems'. This book contains a series of articles (26) dealing with the concept of robustness, including aspects like evolution, genetics, environment, animal health and welfare, and integrity. Besides the major functional traits also the links to energy balance, hot climatic conditions, and the attitude and input of stakeholders towards robustness as part of the breeding program are discussed. This book is the first attempt to summarise the available knowledge concerning this topic in cattle, making this book unique. The contributions are from authors of 16 countries from all over the world. However, the focus is presently on farm animal level, while in future robustness of the whole production system may also require additional attention.
Author: Ivar Johansson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 280
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Book Description
At the present time there is a call for information on breeding procedures which cannot always be supplied because decisive experiments are lacking. The purpose of this little volume is to give a survey of the present knowledge in regard to the genetic of economically important characters of dairy cattle and the methods for their improvement.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Livestock
Languages : en
Pages : 682
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Animal genetics
Languages : en
Pages : 740
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