Genetic Control of Cell Fate Specification in Caenorhabditis Elegans Germline PDF Download
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Author: SRIVALLI MAMILLAPALLI
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 75
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Book Description
The precise regulation of germ cell fates (sperm or oocyte) lies at the heart of reproduction and fertility. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans hermaphrodites produce a discrete number of sperm during larval development and then switch to produce oocyte during adulthood. A number of positive (e.g., fbf genes) and negative (e.g., gld-3) regulators are important for this switch. Here, we found that aberrant activation of MPK-1 (an ERK homolog) by removal of both fbf-1 and lip-1 partially inhibits sperm-oocyte switch, resulting in Mog (masculinization of germline) sterility. The fbf-1 gene encodes a conserved PUF (Pumilio and FBF) RNA-binding protein and the lip-1 gene encodes an MPK-1/ERK phosphatase. Notably, inhibition of MPK-1/ERK signaling by either genetic mutation or chemical inhibition reprograms the germ cell fate and thus helps in regaining the fertility. We also found that fbf-1; lip-1 Mog sterility was enhanced by the depletion of G2/M cell cycle regulators, including CYB-3/Cyclin B, CDK-1/CDK1, and CDC-25.1/CDC25. Markedly, cdc-25.1 mRNA is a direct target of FBF-1. These results suggest that FBF-1 and LIP-1 may promote sperm-oocyte switch by activating MPK-1/ERK signaling and G2/M cell cycle progression.
Author: SRIVALLI MAMILLAPALLI
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 75
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Book Description
The precise regulation of germ cell fates (sperm or oocyte) lies at the heart of reproduction and fertility. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans hermaphrodites produce a discrete number of sperm during larval development and then switch to produce oocyte during adulthood. A number of positive (e.g., fbf genes) and negative (e.g., gld-3) regulators are important for this switch. Here, we found that aberrant activation of MPK-1 (an ERK homolog) by removal of both fbf-1 and lip-1 partially inhibits sperm-oocyte switch, resulting in Mog (masculinization of germline) sterility. The fbf-1 gene encodes a conserved PUF (Pumilio and FBF) RNA-binding protein and the lip-1 gene encodes an MPK-1/ERK phosphatase. Notably, inhibition of MPK-1/ERK signaling by either genetic mutation or chemical inhibition reprograms the germ cell fate and thus helps in regaining the fertility. We also found that fbf-1; lip-1 Mog sterility was enhanced by the depletion of G2/M cell cycle regulators, including CYB-3/Cyclin B, CDK-1/CDK1, and CDC-25.1/CDC25. Markedly, cdc-25.1 mRNA is a direct target of FBF-1. These results suggest that FBF-1 and LIP-1 may promote sperm-oocyte switch by activating MPK-1/ERK signaling and G2/M cell cycle progression.
Author: Tim Schedl
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461440157
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 434
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Book Description
Germ cells in sexually reproducing metazoa, through the germline lineage, are the route by which genetic material and cytoplasmic constituents are passed from one generation to the next in the continuum of life. Chapters in this book review germ cell development in the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans, discussing the biology, the genetics and the molecular mechanisms for various processes, as well as drawing comparisons with other organisms. Processes discussed include specification of germ cell fate, meiosis, gametogenesis, environmental/ physiological controls, epigenetics and translational control, fertilization and the oocyte-to-embryo transition. This book thus provides a comprehensive picture of the germline lineage and the continuum of life for the worm.
Author: Steven X. Hou
Publisher: Humana Press
ISBN: 9781617378805
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
In this comprehensive and cutting-edge book, leading experts explore the parameters that define germline stem cells and the mechanisms that regulate the cell behavior in order to better isolate, characterize and maintain them. The volume begins by providing protocols for germline stem cell identification and regulation in model organisms, and concludes with detailed chapters covering current techniques involving in vitro culture and the applications of the cells.
Author: Suk-Won Jin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 444
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
In multicellular organisms, genetic programs guide cells to adopt particular cell fates as tissues are formed during development, maintained in adults and repaired after injury. Cell fates can also be reprogrammed artificially by genetic or chemical manipulation. In Caenorhabditis elegans, germ cell fate can be chemically reprogrammed: mutant puf-8; lip-1 adult hermaphrodites make sperm but can be switched to oocyte production by treatment with a MEK inhibitor. Such chemical reprogramming is uncommon: out of six genetically diverse sperm-only mutant backgrounds, only one other mutant could undergo chemical reprogramming, fbf-1; lip-1. Reprogramming "competence" thus depends on genotype. In addition, we show that two genes encoding PUF family member RNA-binding proteins, puf-8 and fbf-1, are redundantly required for chemical reprogramming of germ cell fate. Next, genomic analysis of reprogramming competent worms revealed an enrichment of oogenic mRNAs relative to mutants lacking the competence for chemical reprogramming. This intermediate state also existed at the protein level, since puf-8;lip-1 and fbf-1; lip-1 mutants expressed proteins diagnostic of both sperm and oocyte. Therefore reprogramming competent mutants possess an intersexual molecular profile at both RNA and protein levels. This intersexual molecular signature may poise the germline tissue for changing its cellular sexual state in response to environmental cues.
Author: Joan Marsh
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 344
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Book Description
Connects classical cellular descriptive studies with more recent work on the molecular and genetic aspects regarding germline development. Prominent scientists discuss research on a range of organisms including insects, worms, birds, fish, amphibia, mammals and green algae. Specification of germ cells, their migration to the gonads and subsequent interactions with the soma and evolutionary factors of their segregation are among the topics covered.
Author: Mary Kathryn Barton
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 322
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Author: Xiaojun Zhao
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 222
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780815332183
Category : Cells
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Author: Michael Anton Chesney
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 188
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