Genetic and Phenotypic Studies of Lactation Curve in Dairy Cattle PDF Download
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Author: Basant Singh
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 326
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Book Description
Author: Basant Singh
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 326
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Basant Singh
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 330
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Author: Theodore Allen Ferris
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dairy cattle
Languages : en
Pages : 394
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Author: Arden Ray Hardie
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 142
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Author: Thomas Lopdell
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dairy cattle
Languages : en
Pages : 209
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Book Description
Background Bovine milk is an important source of human nutrition. It is understood that milk production is under considerable genetic control, and our knowledge of the genes and variants underlying this regulation is incomplete. In most farming systems, germplasm is delivered by artificial insemination, enabling the rapid distribution of high-quality genetics across a population. The purpose of this study was to add to our ability to predict the best available cattle from their genomes, in order to increase the rate of genetic gain for economically-important traits such as milk production and growth. The work presented herein used high-depth RNAseq data, derived from RNA extracted from mammary biopsies of 411 lactating cows. Molecular phenotypes were developed, enabling the identification of candidate genes that influence lactation and body size, contributing to the improvement in accuracy of genetically informed phenotypic selection in dairy cattle. Results As a first step, I developed phenotypes for gene expression measured both from unspliced pre-mRNA and from mature mRNA, as well as splicing efficiency. These were used to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) for intron-expression (ieQTL: n=554), exon-expression (eQTL: n=2,699), and splicing efficiency (seQTL: n=170). Further investigation linked these molecular QTL to multiple milk and body size QTL. Further studies found additional eQTL signals for lactose phenotypes at twelve loci across the genome, and identified MATN3 as a candidate causative gene for a stature QTL on chromosome 11. I also identified 2,413 RNA editing sites in 649 genes. Developing these into an additional molecular phenotype yielded editing QTL (edQTL) affecting 187 sites in 89 genes. At fifteen sites, edQTL were co-regulated with significant cis-eQTL, implying effects of editing on levels of mature mRNA transcripts for the genes containing these sites. In another study, I combined both eQTL and edQTL methodologies to investigate a complex pleiotropic region on chromosome 5, highlighting CSF2RB as the likely causative gene underlying at least some of the milk QTL present at this locus. In the final study, I conducted a study to test the phenotypic predictive ability of variants that tag eQTL compared to existing variant sets, demonstrating the possible improvement they can provide in total animal selection prediction accuracy relative to currently-used methods. Conclusions Several molecular phenotypes were developed, and numerous QTL discovered. A subset of these were co-regulated with eQTL or edQTL, highlighting potential causative genes operating via regulatory mechanisms. Tag variants for eQTL related to milk production pathways provided a potential route to improve prediction accuracy in animal breeding.
Author: Xiao-Lin Wu
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2832523161
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 140
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Author: John Clark Wilk
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 140
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Author: P. F. Fox
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319148923
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 598
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Book Description
This book is the most comprehensive introductory text on the chemistry and biochemistry of milk. It provides a comprehensive description of the principal constituents of milk (water, lipids, proteins, lactose, salts, vitamins, indigenous enzymes) and of the chemical aspects of cheese and fermented milks and of various dairy processing operations. It also covers heat-induced changes in milk, the use of exogenous enzymes in dairy processing, principal physical properties of milk, bioactive compounds in milk and comparison of milk of different species. This book is designed to meet the needs of senior students and dairy scientists in general.
Author: Héctor Juárez Castillo
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 278
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Author: Gurdas Singh Dass
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dairy cattle
Languages : en
Pages : 262
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