Author: Julie Lynn Stoudenmire
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 206
Book Description
Bacterial pheromone signaling was discovered in Vibrio fischeri, where it controls activation of the lux operon responsible for bioluminescence and pheromone production. Although a threshold population density is required for pheromone signaling, environmental factors are also critical. For example, when V. fischeri enters its light-organ symbiosis with the Hawaiian Bobtail squid, the symbiotic V. fischeri cells are 1000-fold brighter than cells in laboratory cultures, even at the same population density. This observation prompted interest in understanding the regulators and environmental cues underlying lux regulation. Two such controls are the PhoBR and ArcAB two-component regulatory systems. The response regulators PhoB and ArcA control the lux operon in response to low phosphate and redox conditions, respectively; however it is unknown whether they are relevant to symbiotic bioluminescence induction, nor is the cue underlying Arc activation well understood. In this dissertation, I describe development of sensitive and specific fluorescent reporters to interrogate the regulatory status of PhoB and ArcA in V. fischeri cells both in and out of symbiosis. By adding a modified tag to a green fluorescent protein (GFP) and thereby targeting it for protease degradation, I decreased the half-life of the protein from over 24 hours to 81 minutes, making it a better proxy for recent transcriptional activity. Using a novel, iterative and semi-randomized approach I generated a synthetic transcriptional promoter-gfp fusion optimized to be induced when PhoB is active. This construct was induced in low-phosphate conditions and showed heterogeneous activation in light-organ infections, suggesting non-uniform phosphate availability and the potential for low-phosphate conditions to contribute to symbiotic luminescence. I used the same synthetic promoter-gfp construct in conjunction with a chimeric ArcA-PhoB protein, using the receiver domain from ArcA fused to the DNA binding domain of PhoB, to explore Arc activation. I show that ArcB activates the ArcA-PhoB chimera in culture, but there is also ArcB-independent activation, which surprisingly appears to be dominant during colonization. Finally, I present data suggesting a role for acetyl-phosphate in activating the ArcA-PhoB chimera. Together, these studies pioneer the optimization of transcriptional regulators for assessing V. fischeri regulation in situ.
Gene Regulation by Arca and Phob in the Light-organ Symbiont Vibrio Fischeri
Author: Julie Lynn Stoudenmire
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 206
Book Description
Bacterial pheromone signaling was discovered in Vibrio fischeri, where it controls activation of the lux operon responsible for bioluminescence and pheromone production. Although a threshold population density is required for pheromone signaling, environmental factors are also critical. For example, when V. fischeri enters its light-organ symbiosis with the Hawaiian Bobtail squid, the symbiotic V. fischeri cells are 1000-fold brighter than cells in laboratory cultures, even at the same population density. This observation prompted interest in understanding the regulators and environmental cues underlying lux regulation. Two such controls are the PhoBR and ArcAB two-component regulatory systems. The response regulators PhoB and ArcA control the lux operon in response to low phosphate and redox conditions, respectively; however it is unknown whether they are relevant to symbiotic bioluminescence induction, nor is the cue underlying Arc activation well understood. In this dissertation, I describe development of sensitive and specific fluorescent reporters to interrogate the regulatory status of PhoB and ArcA in V. fischeri cells both in and out of symbiosis. By adding a modified tag to a green fluorescent protein (GFP) and thereby targeting it for protease degradation, I decreased the half-life of the protein from over 24 hours to 81 minutes, making it a better proxy for recent transcriptional activity. Using a novel, iterative and semi-randomized approach I generated a synthetic transcriptional promoter-gfp fusion optimized to be induced when PhoB is active. This construct was induced in low-phosphate conditions and showed heterogeneous activation in light-organ infections, suggesting non-uniform phosphate availability and the potential for low-phosphate conditions to contribute to symbiotic luminescence. I used the same synthetic promoter-gfp construct in conjunction with a chimeric ArcA-PhoB protein, using the receiver domain from ArcA fused to the DNA binding domain of PhoB, to explore Arc activation. I show that ArcB activates the ArcA-PhoB chimera in culture, but there is also ArcB-independent activation, which surprisingly appears to be dominant during colonization. Finally, I present data suggesting a role for acetyl-phosphate in activating the ArcA-PhoB chimera. Together, these studies pioneer the optimization of transcriptional regulators for assessing V. fischeri regulation in situ.
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 206
Book Description
Bacterial pheromone signaling was discovered in Vibrio fischeri, where it controls activation of the lux operon responsible for bioluminescence and pheromone production. Although a threshold population density is required for pheromone signaling, environmental factors are also critical. For example, when V. fischeri enters its light-organ symbiosis with the Hawaiian Bobtail squid, the symbiotic V. fischeri cells are 1000-fold brighter than cells in laboratory cultures, even at the same population density. This observation prompted interest in understanding the regulators and environmental cues underlying lux regulation. Two such controls are the PhoBR and ArcAB two-component regulatory systems. The response regulators PhoB and ArcA control the lux operon in response to low phosphate and redox conditions, respectively; however it is unknown whether they are relevant to symbiotic bioluminescence induction, nor is the cue underlying Arc activation well understood. In this dissertation, I describe development of sensitive and specific fluorescent reporters to interrogate the regulatory status of PhoB and ArcA in V. fischeri cells both in and out of symbiosis. By adding a modified tag to a green fluorescent protein (GFP) and thereby targeting it for protease degradation, I decreased the half-life of the protein from over 24 hours to 81 minutes, making it a better proxy for recent transcriptional activity. Using a novel, iterative and semi-randomized approach I generated a synthetic transcriptional promoter-gfp fusion optimized to be induced when PhoB is active. This construct was induced in low-phosphate conditions and showed heterogeneous activation in light-organ infections, suggesting non-uniform phosphate availability and the potential for low-phosphate conditions to contribute to symbiotic luminescence. I used the same synthetic promoter-gfp construct in conjunction with a chimeric ArcA-PhoB protein, using the receiver domain from ArcA fused to the DNA binding domain of PhoB, to explore Arc activation. I show that ArcB activates the ArcA-PhoB chimera in culture, but there is also ArcB-independent activation, which surprisingly appears to be dominant during colonization. Finally, I present data suggesting a role for acetyl-phosphate in activating the ArcA-PhoB chimera. Together, these studies pioneer the optimization of transcriptional regulators for assessing V. fischeri regulation in situ.
Advances in Vibrio Research and Application: 2012 Edition
Author:
Publisher: ScholarlyEditions
ISBN: 1464997616
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 209
Book Description
Advances in Vibrio Research and Application / 2012 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ eBook that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Vibrio. The editors have built Advances in Vibrio Research and Application / 2012 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Vibrio in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Advances in Vibrio Research and Application / 2012 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.
Publisher: ScholarlyEditions
ISBN: 1464997616
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 209
Book Description
Advances in Vibrio Research and Application / 2012 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ eBook that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Vibrio. The editors have built Advances in Vibrio Research and Application / 2012 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Vibrio in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Advances in Vibrio Research and Application / 2012 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.
Chemical Communication Among Bacteria
Author: Stephen Carlyle Winans
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 528
Book Description
Summarizes the science and recent research developments of chemical communication among bacteria
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 528
Book Description
Summarizes the science and recent research developments of chemical communication among bacteria
Microbial Transposon Mutagenesis
Author: Steven C. Ricke
Publisher: Humana
ISBN: 9781493995691
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 183
Book Description
This book addresses cutting-edge techniques for researching transposon mutagenesis, an approach for identifying individual gene contributions to the phenotypic characteristics of a particular microorganism. The volume begins with methods for specific microorganisms and include protocols for individual microorganisms ranging from pathogens such as Salmonella to Bifidobacterium, a microorganism considered beneficial to humans and animals. The final section addresses more general protocols including plasmid transfer and bioinformatic tools as well as novel applications of transposon methodologies such as transposon-aided capture of antibiotic resistant plasmids. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Microbial Transposon Mutagenesis: Protocols and Applications serves as a valuable reference for scientists seeking to apply transposon mutagenesis to microbial genetic analyses and functionality.
Publisher: Humana
ISBN: 9781493995691
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 183
Book Description
This book addresses cutting-edge techniques for researching transposon mutagenesis, an approach for identifying individual gene contributions to the phenotypic characteristics of a particular microorganism. The volume begins with methods for specific microorganisms and include protocols for individual microorganisms ranging from pathogens such as Salmonella to Bifidobacterium, a microorganism considered beneficial to humans and animals. The final section addresses more general protocols including plasmid transfer and bioinformatic tools as well as novel applications of transposon methodologies such as transposon-aided capture of antibiotic resistant plasmids. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Microbial Transposon Mutagenesis: Protocols and Applications serves as a valuable reference for scientists seeking to apply transposon mutagenesis to microbial genetic analyses and functionality.
The Mechanistic Benefits of Microbial Symbionts
Author: Christon J. Hurst
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319280686
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 319
Book Description
This volume summarizes recent advances in our understanding of the mechanisms that produce successful symbiotic partnerships involving microorganisms. It begins with a basic introduction to the nature of and mechanistic benefits derived from symbiotic associations. Taking that background knowledge as the starting point, the next sections include chapters that examine representative examples of coevolutionary associations that have developed between species of microbes, as well as associations between microbes and plants. The authors conclude with a section covering a broad range of associations between microbes and invertebrate animals, in which they discuss the spectrum of hosts, with examples ranging from bryozoans and corals to nematodes, arthropods, and cephalopods. Join the authors on this journey of understanding!
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319280686
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 319
Book Description
This volume summarizes recent advances in our understanding of the mechanisms that produce successful symbiotic partnerships involving microorganisms. It begins with a basic introduction to the nature of and mechanistic benefits derived from symbiotic associations. Taking that background knowledge as the starting point, the next sections include chapters that examine representative examples of coevolutionary associations that have developed between species of microbes, as well as associations between microbes and plants. The authors conclude with a section covering a broad range of associations between microbes and invertebrate animals, in which they discuss the spectrum of hosts, with examples ranging from bryozoans and corals to nematodes, arthropods, and cephalopods. Join the authors on this journey of understanding!
Symbiosis
Author: Joseph Seckbach
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0306481731
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 746
Book Description
Symbiosis is the fourth volume in the series Cellular Origin and Life in Extreme Habitats (COLE). Fifty experts, from over a dozen countries, review their current studies on different approaches to these phenomena. The chapters present various aspects of symbiosis from gene transfer, morphological features, and biodiversity to individual organisms sharing mutual cellular habitats. The origin of the eukaryotic phase is discussed with emphasis on cyanelles, H syntrophy, N2 fixation, and S-based symbiosis (as well as the origin of mitochondrion, chloroplast, and nucleus). All members of the three domains of life are presented for sharing symbiotic associations. This volume brings the concept of living together as `One plus One (plus One) equals One.' The purpose of this book is to introduce the teacher, researcher, scholar, and student as well as the open-minded and science-oriented reader to the global importance of this association.
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0306481731
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 746
Book Description
Symbiosis is the fourth volume in the series Cellular Origin and Life in Extreme Habitats (COLE). Fifty experts, from over a dozen countries, review their current studies on different approaches to these phenomena. The chapters present various aspects of symbiosis from gene transfer, morphological features, and biodiversity to individual organisms sharing mutual cellular habitats. The origin of the eukaryotic phase is discussed with emphasis on cyanelles, H syntrophy, N2 fixation, and S-based symbiosis (as well as the origin of mitochondrion, chloroplast, and nucleus). All members of the three domains of life are presented for sharing symbiotic associations. This volume brings the concept of living together as `One plus One (plus One) equals One.' The purpose of this book is to introduce the teacher, researcher, scholar, and student as well as the open-minded and science-oriented reader to the global importance of this association.
Symbioses and Stress
Author: Joseph Seckbach
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9048194490
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 622
Book Description
Symbioses and Stress examines how organisms in tight symbiotic associations cope with abiotic and biotic stress. Presenting new findings on symbioses by experts and leading scholars in the field, this volume complements courses and lectures in biology and genetics.
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9048194490
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 622
Book Description
Symbioses and Stress examines how organisms in tight symbiotic associations cope with abiotic and biotic stress. Presenting new findings on symbioses by experts and leading scholars in the field, this volume complements courses and lectures in biology and genetics.
Molecular Basis of Symbiosis
Author: Jr̲g Overmann
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9783540282105
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 336
Book Description
Extrusive Bacterial Ectosymbiosis of Ciliates.
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9783540282105
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 336
Book Description
Extrusive Bacterial Ectosymbiosis of Ciliates.
Pheromone Signaling
Author: Kazushige Touhara
Publisher: Humana
ISBN: 9781493960125
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
Providing experimental methods and protocols for performing pheromone research in a variety of organisms ranging from invertebrates to vertebrates, Pheromone Signaling: Methods and Protocols covers a wide spectrum of experimental approaches necessary for handling pheromone molecules, measuring receptor response and neural activation, and analyzing behavioral output. A great deal of progress has been made in understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying pheromone action, largely due to the discovery of receptor genes, the advancement of imaging techniques, and key multi-disciplinary approaches including aspects of organic chemistry, biochemistry, molecular biology, electrophysiology, and behavioral science. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips for troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Pheromone Signaling: Methods and Protocols details the key methodologies utilized in laboratories all over the world, making them accessible to those who want to begin investigation in the area of pheromone research.
Publisher: Humana
ISBN: 9781493960125
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
Providing experimental methods and protocols for performing pheromone research in a variety of organisms ranging from invertebrates to vertebrates, Pheromone Signaling: Methods and Protocols covers a wide spectrum of experimental approaches necessary for handling pheromone molecules, measuring receptor response and neural activation, and analyzing behavioral output. A great deal of progress has been made in understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying pheromone action, largely due to the discovery of receptor genes, the advancement of imaging techniques, and key multi-disciplinary approaches including aspects of organic chemistry, biochemistry, molecular biology, electrophysiology, and behavioral science. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips for troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Pheromone Signaling: Methods and Protocols details the key methodologies utilized in laboratories all over the world, making them accessible to those who want to begin investigation in the area of pheromone research.
Molecular Systematics and Evolution: Theory and Practice
Author: R. DeSalle
Publisher: Birkhäuser
ISBN: 3034881142
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 301
Book Description
Important practical implications are established by case reports and specific examples. The present book is the ideal complement to the practitioner’s manual Techniques in Molecular Systematics and Evolution, recently published by the same editors in the Birkhäuser MTBM book series. The first part of this book deals with important applications of evolutionary and systematic analysis at different taxonomic levels. The second part discusses DNA multiple sequence alignment, species designations using molecular data, evo-devo and other topics that are problematic or controversial. In the last part, novel topics in molecular evolution and systematics, like genomics, comparative methods in molecular evolution and the use of large data bases are described. The final chapter deals with problems in bacterial evolution, considering the increasing access to large numbers of complete genome sequences.
Publisher: Birkhäuser
ISBN: 3034881142
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 301
Book Description
Important practical implications are established by case reports and specific examples. The present book is the ideal complement to the practitioner’s manual Techniques in Molecular Systematics and Evolution, recently published by the same editors in the Birkhäuser MTBM book series. The first part of this book deals with important applications of evolutionary and systematic analysis at different taxonomic levels. The second part discusses DNA multiple sequence alignment, species designations using molecular data, evo-devo and other topics that are problematic or controversial. In the last part, novel topics in molecular evolution and systematics, like genomics, comparative methods in molecular evolution and the use of large data bases are described. The final chapter deals with problems in bacterial evolution, considering the increasing access to large numbers of complete genome sequences.