Further Evaluation of Deicing Chemicals PDF Download
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Author: R. F. Stratfull
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Deicing chemicals
Languages : en
Pages : 46
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Book Description
Author: R. F. Stratfull
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Deicing chemicals
Languages : en
Pages : 46
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Book Description
Author: B. M. Gerbino-Bevins
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Deicing chemicals
Languages : en
Pages : 9
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Book Description
Common deicing chemicals include sodium chloride, magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, calcium magnesium acetate, potassium acetate, potassium formate, and corn or beet-based deicer solution. Liquid deicers are commonly used for pre-wetting road salt, sand or other solid deicers, or mixed with salt brine as liquid deicer. Although manufacturers provide performance data under specific conditions, a standardized test is very much needed. Samples of sodium chloride, magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, potassium acetate, and beet juice-based chemical deicers were selected for performance evaluation. The SHRP Ice-Melting Capacity Test has been used in many research projects, but the results do not always correlate well with field data. A simple and economical test has been developed to evaluate the ice-melting capacities of deicing chemicals using a martini shaker, which shows some potential to become a standardized test for ice-melting capacity evaluation. Field data was collected by the Nebraska Dept. of Roads using automatic vehicle location (AVL) and the maintenance decision support system (MDSS) installed on some plow trucks. The AVL takes roadway pictures from the cab and records vehicle location. The MDSS collects weather data from area weather stations. Although initial shaker test results correlate well with known deicer performance and limited field data provided by MDSS, further development work is necessary before the shaker test can be considered for official use.
Author: Frank M. D'Itri
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9780873717052
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 632
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Book Description
Chemical Deicers and the Environment provides a complete discussion of chemical deicer technology and history in the United States and Canada. The book describes engineering applications, maintenance procedures, economic evaluations, in addition to environmental problems and concerns relative to the use of chemical deicing. It also provides a technical appraisal of the latest technology to stimulate further research and discussion directed toward achieving a more integrated approach for the application of new deicers that will protect motor vehicles, highways and infrastructures, and the environment. Chemical Deicers and the Environment will be a useful reference volume for scientists, legislators, transportation engineers, environmentalists, consultants, and concerned individuals interested in learning about the economic and environmental advantages and disadvantages of today's chemical deicers.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Corrosion and anti-corrosives
Languages : en
Pages : 74
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Book Description
This study presents a series of performance measurement tests for ice-control products, and discusses the role that they can play in such a quality control program. Some tests are simple and rapid enough that they can be performed on every load of ice-control products received, while for others, a sampling technique must be used. An appropriate sampling technique is presented. Further, each test is categorized as to whether it should be applied to every load of ice-control products or on a sampling basis. The study includes a detailed literature review that considers the performance of ice-control products in three areas: temperature related performance, product consistency, and negative side effects.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Deicing chemicals
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
These studies defined, developed, and documented protocols for testing and evaluating deicing chemicals. A secondary component of the study investigated methods for improving the effectiveness of sodium chloride as an ice melting agent. The research included a literature reivew; established criteria for characterizing chemical deicers; and identified potential test methods for evaluating candidate deicing chemicals. Of the 62 test methods identified, 12 primary methods developed in this program specifically for chemical deicers are described in detail, and 50 supplementary standard published test methods are referenced.
Author: Cecil C. Chappelow
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Deicing chemicals
Languages : en
Pages : 59
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Book Description
This program consists of two phases. The first phase has been directed towards the development of a preliminary set of evaluation procedures based on the thermodynamic and corrosion characteristics of promising categories of potential deicer chemicals. The second phase is directed toward the development and modification of chemical deicer test methods, and the development and evaluation of improved sodium chloride. This interim report presents the research activities and findings of the phase I investigations.
Author: Michelle Akin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Antifreeze solutions
Languages : en
Pages : 194
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Book Description
Author: Robert A. Eaton
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Deicing chemicals
Languages : en
Pages : 54
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Book Description
Author: Cecil C. Chappelow
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780309052672
Category : Deicing chemicals
Languages : en
Pages : 283
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Book Description
This handbook contains a structured selection of specific test methods for complete characterization of deicing chemicals. Sixty-two specific test methods are defined for the evaluation of chemical deicers in eight principal property performance areas: 1) physicochemical characteristics; 2) deicing performance; 3) compatibility with bare and coated metals in concrete; 5) compatibility with concrete and nonmetals; 6) engineering parameters; 7) ecological effects; and 8) health and safety aspects. The 62 specific chemical deicer test methods are composed of 12 primary and 50 supplementary test methods. The primary test methods, which were developed for conducting the more important evaluations, are identified as follows: 1) ice melting tests for liquid and solid deicers; 2) ice penetration tests for liquid and solid deicers; 3) ice undercutting tests for liquid and solid deicers; 4) bare metal corrosion test; 5) concrete degradation test; 6) concrete scaling test; 7) friction characterization test; 8) ecological effects tests; and 9) rebar in concrete corrosion test.
Author: Wilfrid A. Nixon
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Corrosion and anti-corrosives
Languages : en
Pages : 61
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Book Description
"Effective winter maintenance makes use of freezing-point-depressant chemicals (also known as ice-control products) to prevent the formation of the bond between snow and ice and the highway pavement. In performing such winter maintenance, the selection of appropriate ice-control products for the bond prevention task involves consideration of a number of factors, as indicated in Nixon and Williams (2001). The factors are in essence performance measurements of the ice-control products, and as such can be easily incorporated into a specification document to allow for selection of the best ice-control products for a given agency to use in its winter maintenance activities. Once performance measures for de-icing or anti-icing chemicals have been specified, this allows the creation of a quality control program for the acceptance of those chemicals. This study presents a series of performance measurement tests for ice-control products, and discusses the role that they can play in such a quality control program. Some tests are simple and rapid enough that they can be performed on every load of ice-control products received, while for others, a sampling technique must be used. An appropriate sampling technique is presented. Further, each test is categorized as to whether it should be applied to every load of ice-control products or on a sampling basis. The study includes a detailed literature review that considers the performance of ice-control products in three areas: temperature related performance, product consistency, and negative side effects. The negative side effects are further broken down into three areas, namely operational side effects (such as chemical slipperiness), environmental side effects, and infrastructural side effects (such as corrosion of vehicles and damage to concrete.) The review indicated that in the area of side effects the field performance of ice-control products is currently so difficult to model in the laboratory that no particular specification tests can be recommended at this time. A study of the impact of ice-control products on concrete was performed by Professor Wang of Iowa State University as a sub-contract to this study, and has been presented to the Iowa Highway Research Board prior to this report."--P. iii.
