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Languages : en
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Initial stages of a study on the fluid transport properties of rock at high pressure and temperature are reported. Emphasis is placed on the mechanical hydraulic interactions, in an attempt to clarify the process of fracture closure and its influence on fracture permeability. To determine the fluid transport properties of a fracture, the effect of surface roughness, geometry, and filling on fracture permeability was investigated. Permeability of these fractures was measured at various effective normal stresses at room temperature. The law of effective stress appears valid for fractures without filling but permeability of filled fractures is more sensitive to confining pressure than pore pressure. Permeability of smooth surfaces varied 5 to 0.5 darcys over a range of effective stresses from 0 to 3000 bars. Filled fractures were an order of magnitude more permeable.

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Category : Rocks
Languages : en
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Languages : en
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The permeability of whole and jointed Barre granite was measured at pressures up to 2 kilobars. Jointed samples were actually split cylinders joined by surfaces with controlled surface roughness. Samples with induced tension fractures were also measured. The permeability of the whole rock ranged from about 10−6 to 10−7 darcies. The permeability of the jointed rock ranged from about 8 x 10−5 darcies at low pressure down to that of the whole rock at high pressures. Permeability was not a simple function of the difference between external confining pressure (P/sub c/) and internal fluid pressure (P/sub f/). Changes in permeability were found to be proportional to (b dP/sub f/ - a dP/sub c/) where b/a is less than 1 for the jointed rock and b/a is approximately 1 for whole rock. The order of application of P/sub c/ and P/sub f/ was also important. Permeability hysteresis and an ultimate decrease in permeability in both whole and jointed rock resulted when internal fluid pressure was cycled. This effect seems to diminish with increasing confining pressure. At a particular P/sub c/, the volume flow rate, q, is proportional to (P/sub c/ - P/sub f/)/sup -n/. Increasing the surface roughness of the joints decreased the value of n, which was smallest for the tension fracture and the whole rock.

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Languages : en
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Accomplishments during the first 30 months of work on the fluid transport properties of rock fractures at high pressure are discussed in detail in this report and by Kranz et. al in Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. (1979). The following results are discussed in this report. Fracture permeability is highly sensitive to initial surface roughness. Changes in permeability are found to be proportional to (BdP/sub f/ - adP/sub c/), where b/a

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Category : Power resources
Languages : en
Pages : 548

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Category :
Languages : en
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Flow rates and thus permeability were measured for a variety of effective pressures on artificially prepared joints in Cheshire quartzite. Permeabilities calculated from constant head tests compare with permeabilities calculated from pulse decay tests. Measurement of the change in aperture with effective pressure shows that at effective pressures of less than 20 MPa changes in confining pressure have a larger influence on the aperture than changes in pore pressure. Joint permeability changes with aperture; thus changes in confining pressure are more influential on permeability than changes in pore pressure. Although a cubic law model for flow along a joint gives a rough estimate of joint permeability, measurements of the changes in flow rate with aperture suggest that the cubic law is inadequate for smooth joints at high pressure. This is so because the effective cross section available for flow changes with pressure in a nonlinear manner.

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Category : Geothermal engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 668

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Category : Power resources
Languages : en
Pages : 652

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Semiannual, with semiannual and annual indexes. References to all scientific and technical literature coming from DOE, its laboratories, energy centers, and contractors. Includes all works deriving from DOE, other related government-sponsored information, and foreign nonnuclear information. Arranged under 39 categories, e.g., Biomedical sciences, basic studies; Biomedical sciences, applied studies; Health and safety; and Fusion energy. Entry gives bibliographical information and abstract. Corporate, author, subject, report number indexes.

Author: United States. Energy Research and Development Administration. Technical Information Center
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Category : Force and energy
Languages : en
Pages : 1066

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Category : Petroleum
Languages : en
Pages : 658

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