Author: Lin Sun (S.M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 9
Book Description
Emission controls that provide incentives for maximizing reductions in emissions of ozone precursors on days when ozone concentrations are highest have the potential to be cost-effective ozone management strategies. Conventional prescriptive emissions controls or cap-and-trade programs consider all emissions similarly regardless of when they occur, despite the fact that contributions to ozone formation may vary. In contrast, a time-differentiated approach targets emissions reductions on forecasted high ozone days without imposition of additional costs on lower ozone days. This work examines simulations of such dynamic air quality management strategies for NOx emissions from electric generating units. Results from a model of day-specific NOx pricing applied to the Pennsylvania-New Jersey-Maryland (PJM) portion of the northeastern U.S. electrical grid demonstrate (i) that sufficient flexibility in electricity generation is available to allow power production to be switched from high to low NOx emitting facilities, (ii) that the emission price required to induce EGUs to change their strategies for power generation are competitive with other control costs, (iii) that dispatching strategies, which can change the spatial and temporal distribution of emissions, lead to ozone concentration reductions comparable to other control technologies, and (iv) that air quality forecasting is sufficiently accurate to allow EGUs to adapt their power generation strategies.
Flexible NOx Abatement from Power Plants in the Eastern United States
Author: Lin Sun (S.M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 9
Book Description
Emission controls that provide incentives for maximizing reductions in emissions of ozone precursors on days when ozone concentrations are highest have the potential to be cost-effective ozone management strategies. Conventional prescriptive emissions controls or cap-and-trade programs consider all emissions similarly regardless of when they occur, despite the fact that contributions to ozone formation may vary. In contrast, a time-differentiated approach targets emissions reductions on forecasted high ozone days without imposition of additional costs on lower ozone days. This work examines simulations of such dynamic air quality management strategies for NOx emissions from electric generating units. Results from a model of day-specific NOx pricing applied to the Pennsylvania-New Jersey-Maryland (PJM) portion of the northeastern U.S. electrical grid demonstrate (i) that sufficient flexibility in electricity generation is available to allow power production to be switched from high to low NOx emitting facilities, (ii) that the emission price required to induce EGUs to change their strategies for power generation are competitive with other control costs, (iii) that dispatching strategies, which can change the spatial and temporal distribution of emissions, lead to ozone concentration reductions comparable to other control technologies, and (iv) that air quality forecasting is sufficiently accurate to allow EGUs to adapt their power generation strategies.
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 9
Book Description
Emission controls that provide incentives for maximizing reductions in emissions of ozone precursors on days when ozone concentrations are highest have the potential to be cost-effective ozone management strategies. Conventional prescriptive emissions controls or cap-and-trade programs consider all emissions similarly regardless of when they occur, despite the fact that contributions to ozone formation may vary. In contrast, a time-differentiated approach targets emissions reductions on forecasted high ozone days without imposition of additional costs on lower ozone days. This work examines simulations of such dynamic air quality management strategies for NOx emissions from electric generating units. Results from a model of day-specific NOx pricing applied to the Pennsylvania-New Jersey-Maryland (PJM) portion of the northeastern U.S. electrical grid demonstrate (i) that sufficient flexibility in electricity generation is available to allow power production to be switched from high to low NOx emitting facilities, (ii) that the emission price required to induce EGUs to change their strategies for power generation are competitive with other control costs, (iii) that dispatching strategies, which can change the spatial and temporal distribution of emissions, lead to ozone concentration reductions comparable to other control technologies, and (iv) that air quality forecasting is sufficiently accurate to allow EGUs to adapt their power generation strategies.
A Cost-effectiveness Analysis of Alternative Ozone Control Strategies
Author: Lin Sun (S. M.)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 186
Book Description
(cont.) This study demonstrates the scientific and economic feasibility of a time-differentiated trading scheme. I explore whether such a regulatory design is justifiable with respect to ozone forecast accuracy by conducting sensitivity analysis of ozone prediction errors and discover that uncertainty in ozone forecasting may not be a major limiting factor for the feasibility of a time-differentiated NOx cap-and-trade program.
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 186
Book Description
(cont.) This study demonstrates the scientific and economic feasibility of a time-differentiated trading scheme. I explore whether such a regulatory design is justifiable with respect to ozone forecast accuracy by conducting sensitivity analysis of ozone prediction errors and discover that uncertainty in ozone forecasting may not be a major limiting factor for the feasibility of a time-differentiated NOx cap-and-trade program.
Implementing a Time- and Location-differentiated Cap-and-trade Program
Author: Katherine C. Martin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 227
Book Description
(cont.) Both methods estimated that power plants could respond with hourly NOx reductions of between 15 and 30% and that network constraints had little effect. * Are the distributional effects of a differentiated regulation likely to motivate and/or enable legal challenges that could undercut such a program? The distributional effects of differentiated regulation would depend on the timing and locations of reductions, and legal challenges could constrain implementation. But the inability of un-differentiated regulations to fully solve ozone problems, combined with scientific and economic justifications, and the ability of power plants to respond, justify further inquiry into the feasibility of differentiation.
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 227
Book Description
(cont.) Both methods estimated that power plants could respond with hourly NOx reductions of between 15 and 30% and that network constraints had little effect. * Are the distributional effects of a differentiated regulation likely to motivate and/or enable legal challenges that could undercut such a program? The distributional effects of differentiated regulation would depend on the timing and locations of reductions, and legal challenges could constrain implementation. But the inability of un-differentiated regulations to fully solve ozone problems, combined with scientific and economic justifications, and the ability of power plants to respond, justify further inquiry into the feasibility of differentiation.
106-1 Hearing: NOx State Implementation Plans, S. Hrg. 106-471, June 24, 1999
Author: United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Environment and Public Works. Subcommittee on Clean Air, Wetlands, Private Property, and Nuclear Safety
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Air quality
Languages : en
Pages : 112
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Air quality
Languages : en
Pages : 112
Book Description
NOx State Implementation Plans
Author: United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Environment and Public Works. Subcommittee on Clean Air, Wetlands, Private Property, and Nuclear Safety
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 120
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 120
Book Description
106-1 Hearing: NOx State Implementation Plans, S. Hrg. 106-471, June 24, 1999
Author: United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Environment and Public Works. Subcommittee on Clean Air, Wetlands, Private Property, and Nuclear Safety
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Air quality
Languages : en
Pages : 114
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Air quality
Languages : en
Pages : 114
Book Description
NOx Reduction at Zolling Power Station
Author: R. Jaerschky
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Coal-fired power plants
Languages : en
Pages : 7
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Coal-fired power plants
Languages : en
Pages : 7
Book Description
Abatement of NOx from Power Plants
Author: C. R. Guerra
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electric power-plants
Languages : en
Pages : 54
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electric power-plants
Languages : en
Pages : 54
Book Description
Successful State Environmental Programs
Author: United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Environment and Public Works
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 172
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 172
Book Description
The Emission Limitations for Power Plants in Europe
Author: B. Forck
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Air
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
Europe consists of more than 20 different nations, in which different languages are spoken, and where different legislative procedures and laws and applied. Within several; international organizations, some of which have also the USA and Canada as members, measures for SO2 and NOx abatement are agreed to, but the transition of these agreements into national laws results in a variety of emission targets and emission limits for new and existing power stations. Details are given. It is not yet certain by which manners the up to now centrally planned states (Eastern Block) will achieve the SO2 abatement with power stations.
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Air
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
Europe consists of more than 20 different nations, in which different languages are spoken, and where different legislative procedures and laws and applied. Within several; international organizations, some of which have also the USA and Canada as members, measures for SO2 and NOx abatement are agreed to, but the transition of these agreements into national laws results in a variety of emission targets and emission limits for new and existing power stations. Details are given. It is not yet certain by which manners the up to now centrally planned states (Eastern Block) will achieve the SO2 abatement with power stations.