Author: Sebastian Schmidt
Publisher: Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH
ISBN: 383252262X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 154
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Book Description
The sound pressure pT at the human eardrum has essential advantages as reference signal in audiological and psychoacoustical experiments. Unfortunately, precise pressure measurements very close to the tympanic membrane are difficult. In practice, the microphone has to be positioned at a certain distance from the eardrum. The measured pressure then has to be transformed to the eardrum. As a "classical" approach for the estimation of the necessary transfer function, an acoustical network model of the ear canal is developed from geometrical data of the canal (cross-sectional area function) which is in turn determined from measurements of its acoustical input impedance. Such methods, however, do not provide robust results. In this thesis, the concept of one-dimensional models of the ear canal is examined to find the origin of these errors. For this purpose, the sound field at the human external ear was analyzed using finite element models. Inside the canal, irregular three-dimensional structures occur that cannot be modelled accurately using classical one-dimensional network concepts. Upon these findings, an accurate, efficient and highly feasible method for the estimation of pT was developed. Equal-loudness level contours with reference to the eardrum pressure that were measured as pilot application of the new method are presented.
Author: Bruno Sanches Masiero
Publisher: Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH
ISBN: 3832532749
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 210
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Book Description
In this work the importance of individualization in binaural technique is investigated. The results extend the present knowledge on the efficient measurement of individual head-related transfer functions (HRTFs) and highlight the importance of individual equalization filters in binaural reproduction, using both loudspeakers and headphones. Moreover, an integrated framework for the calculation of such equalization filters is presented. An innovative measurement setup was developed to allow the fast acquisition of individual HRTFs. The hardware was designed to be compatible with the range extrapolation technique. An individual HRTF dataset with 4000 directions can be measured in less than 6 minutes with this new setup. A framework was presented that integrates causality constraints to the regularized frequency domain calculation of crosstalk cancellation (CTC) filter. This framework also addresses the switching of active loudspeakers applying a weighted filter calculation method. A sound localization test showed that individualized CTC systems provide performance similar to that of binaural listening while nonindividualized CTC systems provide a significantly lower localization performance. Finally, a robust individual headphone equalization method was proposed. Perceptual tests showed that, in all but one of the tested situations, no audible differences between the original sound source and its binaural auditory display could be perceived.
Author: Sunil Puria
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461465915
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 320
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Book Description
The middle ear plays a vital role in the sense and sensitivity of hearing. Of the various characteristics that distinguish mammals from other vertebrates, several pertain specifically to the middle-ear system, such as the presence of three middle-ear bones and the four-layer composite structure of the tympanic membrane. The Middle Ear attempts to elucidate the role this system plays in sound transmission, as viewed from both scientific and clinical perspectives.
Author: Ernest Glen Wever
Publisher: Princeton University Press
ISBN: 1400876435
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 475
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Book Description
This book deals with the ear as an acoustic instrument: as a piece of physical apparatus functioning for the reception of sounds from the outside, for conveying them inward to the auditory sense cells, and finally for producing a mechanical stimulation of these cells. Originally published in 1954. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.
Author: Frank Böhnke
Publisher: S. Karger AG (Switzerland)
ISBN: 9783805569880
Category : Cochlea
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
This special issue collects our current knowledge of the mechanical processing of acoustic signals by the cochlea and its containing structures. Many workers in diverse disciplines in otology use the facts from cochlear mechanics for the interpretation of their results. Presented here for the first time is the development of a three-dimensional mechanical model of the curved cochlea including fluid-structure couplings. An important approach for future cochlear modeling is shown by the provision of geometrical data for the input of three-dimensional finite element models by microtomographic imaging. A remarkable article tries to demonstrate a connection between outer hair cell mechanics and the complex phenomenon of tinnitus and will be of special interest for stress engineers. Owing to its strong interdisciplinarity, this issue is not only intended for biophysicists, ENT clinicians and audiologists but also for radiologists, biomechanical engineers and computer engineers.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 552
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Medicine
Languages : en
Pages : 1328
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Book Description
Author: Chris de Souza
Publisher: Plural Publishing
ISBN: 1635502276
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 305
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Book Description
Implantable Hearing Devices is written for ear, nose, and throat surgeons in training who must know about implantable hearing devices as they advance in otologic surgery. It is also a resource for otologic surgeons desiring to know more about the devices available. The technology is evolving rapidly along with the criteria for candidacy, and this text covers the entire spectrum of implantable hearing devices that are available, including but not limited to cochlear implants. Complex issues are presented in an easy to understand format by a host of internationally well-respected authors. Many practitioners have to refer to multiple resources for answers to their questions because the discipline is changing so rapidly. Implantable Hearing Devices is a clear, concise, but comprehensive book that offers answers to the universal problems that otologic surgeons face. Disclaimer: Please note that ancillary content (such as documents, audio, and video, etc.) may not be included as published in the original print version of this book.
Author: Lloyd B. Minor
Publisher: PMPH-USA
ISBN: 9781607950264
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 828
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Book Description
Updated with new color graphics and new video CD of surgical and diagnostic procedures, this 6th edition retains its heritage as the classic textbook in otology and neurotology. Coverage includes scientific foundations and fundamentals, clinical evaluation and rehabilitation and sections on the external ear, inner ear, tympanomastoid compartment, internal auditory canal/Cerebellopontine angle/petrous apex and skull-based surgery. This edition integrates all the latest research in genetics, biotechnical advancements in laser and image-guided systems and clinical innovations and techniques of the past 7 years. Woven throughout is an intriguing historical overview of those who pioneered the early surgical interventions from 1950 to the present and the influences on current clinical practice. Editors of this edition, Julianna Gulya, Lloyd Minor and Dennis Poe are internationally renowned figures in the field of otology/neurotology. This 6th edition enormously benefits from their editorial direction and wealth of knowledge and clinical expertise. SOTE 6 remains the classic text and reference of choice for otolaryngologists and neurosurgeons and an essential addition to the libraries of experienced surgeons, trainees, or those preparing for board exams. New Chapters written by well-recognized leaders that include the latest research and clinical studies include: Tumor Biology Stereotactic Radiosurgery and Radiotherapy Ossicular Reconstruction Management of Cerebrospinal Fluid Leaks Surgical Treatment of Peripheral Vestibular Disorders Hearing Aids Tinnitus Rehabilitation Vestibular Rehabilitation Updated Temporal Bone Dissection Guide
Author: Martin Pollow
Publisher: Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH
ISBN: 3832540903
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 192
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Book Description
The acoustics of rooms can be objectively described by the room impulse responses obtained for given transfer paths using measurement or simulation. In practice, the directionally dependent behavior of sources and receivers is often disregarded and thus assumed to be of omnidirectional type. In reality, however, these sources and receivers have specific directivity patterns, which are reported to induce audible differences. In this work a methodology to capture, analyze and process directivity patterns of sources and receivers is described. With the help of surrounding spherical microphone and loudspeaker arrays these directivity patterns are measured to be used in room acoustic applications. Room impulse responses with respect to specific directivity patterns can be realized using compact loudspeaker arrays with known directivity. Applying the results of directivity superposition to the set of measured room impulse responses, the acoustics for specific directivity patterns are found. Using a simulation of the room instead, source and receiver directivity patterns can be included in both wave based and particle based methods. The results of this work facilitate more authentic descriptions of room acoustics for specific source and receiver directivity patterns.
