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Author: Mary Joann Stehly
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 182
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Author: Mary Joann Stehly
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 182
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Author: United States Department of Agriculture
Publisher: CreateSpace
ISBN: 9781515397595
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 24
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Americans' diets, particularly those of low-income households, fall short of Government recommendations in the quantity of fruits and vegetables consumed. Some proposals suggest that a price subsidy for those products would encourage low-income Americans to consume more of them. This study estimated that a 10-percent subsidy would encourage low-income Americans to increase their consumption of fruits by 2.1-5.2 percent and vegetables by 2.1-4.9 percent. The annual cost of such a subsidy for low income Americans would be about $310 million for fruits and $270 million for vegetables. And most would still not meet Federal dietary recommendations.
Author: Molika Chea
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electronic dissertations
Languages : en
Pages :
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The Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA) provide recommendations to improve dietary behaviors including intake of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. Low-income populations’ diets’ are particularly lacking in these foods which may increase the risk of chronic diseases. Therefore, the overall purpose of this three phase study is to identify the factors that may prevent low-income families from meeting the DGA recommendations for fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, and determine communication strategies that are effective in increasing intake of these foods. Phase 1 include interviews with low-income adults (n = 98) and nutrition educators (n = 9) to evaluate the DGA messages. While the majority of low-income adults reported that they understood the messages and that the messages were easy to implement, the results revealed that participants often misinterpreted the messages consistent with the perception of nutrition educators. Phase 2 utilized the Trials of Improved Practices (TIPs) to test strategies in increasing consumption of fruits, vegetables, or whole grains among low-income adults (n = 35). Participants selected a fruit, vegetable, or whole grain strategy to implement for a week. A pre- and post- test interview with a 24-hour recall was conducted with each participant and Healthy Eating Index (HEI) scores were calculated. The whole fruit significantly increased after the intervention (P = 0.05). Overall total HEI score increased from a â€poor diet†to a â€diet that needs improvement†but this increase was not statistically significant (P = 0.11). Phase 3 sought to examine factors that influence whole grain consumption in low-income adults (n = 169). Participants (n = 169) viewed 11 grain foods (6 refined and 5 whole grain) and were asked to identify the foods as whole or refined grains. Some participants (n = 60) also completed an interview to describe how they identified the foods. Less than half of low-income adults (46%) identified four or more whole grain foods correctly. Overall, DGA messages need to be clear and feasible for low-income adults. Furthermore, the barriers (e.g. cost) to consuming fruits, vegetables, and whole grains by low-income adults should be addressed with interventions at various levels of influence including nutrition education and policy (whole grain labeling).
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 030930783X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 340
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Book Description
How we produce and consume food has a bigger impact on Americans' well-being than any other human activity. The food industry is the largest sector of our economy; food touches everything from our health to the environment, climate change, economic inequality, and the federal budget. From the earliest developments of agriculture, a major goal has been to attain sufficient foods that provide the energy and the nutrients needed for a healthy, active life. Over time, food production, processing, marketing, and consumption have evolved and become highly complex. The challenges of improving the food system in the 21st century will require systemic approaches that take full account of social, economic, ecological, and evolutionary factors. Policy or business interventions involving a segment of the food system often have consequences beyond the original issue the intervention was meant to address. A Framework for Assessing Effects of the Food System develops an analytical framework for assessing effects associated with the ways in which food is grown, processed, distributed, marketed, retailed, and consumed in the United States. The framework will allow users to recognize effects across the full food system, consider all domains and dimensions of effects, account for systems dynamics and complexities, and choose appropriate methods for analysis. This report provides example applications of the framework based on complex questions that are currently under debate: consumption of a healthy and safe diet, food security, animal welfare, and preserving the environment and its resources. A Framework for Assessing Effects of the Food System describes the U.S. food system and provides a brief history of its evolution into the current system. This report identifies some of the real and potential implications of the current system in terms of its health, environmental, and socioeconomic effects along with a sense for the complexities of the system, potential metrics, and some of the data needs that are required to assess the effects. The overview of the food system and the framework described in this report will be an essential resource for decision makers, researchers, and others to examine the possible impacts of alternative policies or agricultural or food processing practices.
Author: Hayden Stewart
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
ISBN: 1437922910
Category : Cooking
Languages : en
Pages : 15
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Author: Katherine T. Petro
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Low-income consumers
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
In cost-offset community supported agriculture (CO-CSA), low-income households receive subsidized shares of locally-grown produce with the aim of improving their access to and consumption of fruits and vegetables (FV). Social cognitive theory (SCT) is a commonly leveraged behavior change theory and informed the design of a CO-CSA plus nutrition education intervention trial for low-income households. The objective of the present study is to model the cross-sectional relationships at baseline between SCT-aligned variables and FV intake among CO-CSA enrollees. We hypothesized that nutrition-related attitudes, beliefs, and self-efficacy as well as perceived FV availability and accessibility would be significant predictors of FV intake. In Spring 2016 and 2017, adult enrollees (n=305) completed a baseline questionnaire containing study-specific and validated questions to measure nutrition-related psychosocial (knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs), environmental (FV availability and accessibility), and behavioral factors (self-efficacy) in relation to self-reported and proxy measures of FV intake (National Cancer Institute’s All-Day FV Screener and resonance Raman spectroscopy to assess dermal carotenoid score). Descriptive statistics and multiple regression models were completed in SPSS. Models controlled for demographic characteristics. Self-efficacy to prepare and eat FV and in-home FV availability were significant predictors of daily FV intake. In-home FV availability, accurate knowledge of FV recommendations, and perceived geographic access to FV were significant predictors of carotenoid score. Among a set of SCT-informed variables expected to influence FV intake, knowledge of FV recommendations, geographic access to FV, in-home availability of FV, and self-efficacy to prepare and eat FV were significant predictors. However, these only explained 22-23% of outcome variability among a sample of CO-CSA adult enrollees. SCT alone may not be the most appropriate theory through which to understand potential levers of FV intake among adults participating in CO-CSA programs.
Author: Judith Sempa
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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The objectives of the study were to assess fruit and vegetable intake of 6th to 8th grade youth in low-income areas, assess their food environment, and determine factors that influenced fruit and vegetable consumption. Sixth to eighth grade youth from two low-income communities in each of the three states of South Dakota, Kansas and Ohio were involved in the study. Fruit and vegetable intake was measured using the National Cancer Institute (NCI) fruit and vegetable screener tool. The food environment was measured using the Nutrition Environment Measures Survey for Restaurants (NEMS-R) and the Nutrition Environment Measures Survey for Stores (NEMS-S) tools. A generalized linear mixed model in PROC GLIMMIX was used to assess possible predictors of fruit and vegetable intake. Average daily fruit and vegetable consumption for males and females was 3.8 cups (95%CI= 2.4-6.0) and 3.1 cups (95%CI=2.0-4.9) respectively. Grade, gender, ethnicity, community, and state of residence did not influence fruit and vegetable consumption, while fruit and vegetable availability at home influenced intake. Youth had a favorable view of their food environment, contrary to the findings of objective measures.
Author: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN: 9251337098
Category : Gardening
Languages : en
Pages : 81
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Book Description
The International Year of Fruits and Vegetables 2021 (IYFV), as declared by the UN General Assembly in Resolution A/RES/74/244, aims at raising awareness of, directing policy attention to, and sharing good practices on the nutritional and health benefits of fruit and vegetable consumption, the contribution of fruit and vegetable consumption to the promotion of diversified, balanced and healthy diets and lifestyles, and reducing loss and waste of fruits and vegetables. This background paper outlines the benefits of fruit and vegetable consumption, but also examines the various aspects of the fruit and vegetable sector from a food systems approach: from sustainable production and trade to loss and waste management. This paper provides an overview of the sector and a framework and a starting point for discussion for the Year, highlighting the interlinkages of stakeholders and key issues to be considered for action during the IYFV.
Author: Colleen N. Barthel
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electronic dissertations
Languages : en
Pages : 100
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Consumption of vegetables promotes health and may help reduce the risk of chronic disease. Vegetables are naturally low in fat and calories, are cholesterol free, and contain important nutrients such as potassium, fiber, folate, vitamin A, vitamin E, and vitamin C. Yet less than 30% of United States residents are meeting recommended intakes (United States Department of Agriculture, 2008; Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2007). This study was designed to determine vegetable intake of residents living in a rural community and factors affecting adequate intake. One hundred and six adult residents, ages 18 and older, living in Durand, Wisconsin participated in the study. Data were collected in 2011 through the use of a vegetable consumption survey. The survey collected information on current vegetable consumption for the five vegetable subgroups (dark-green, orange, starchy, dry beans and peas, and other vegetables), perceived barriers to vegetable consumption, shopping and food preparation habits, and socio-demographic information of participants. The results determined that taste, cost, and access were the top three perceived barriers to vegetable consumption. However, correlation analyses show that these perceived barriers are not affecting intake among the vegetable subgroups. Therefore, in promoting vegetable consumption, efforts need to focus on disproving myths about the perceived barriers.
Author: Matthew James Landry
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 170
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Food insecurity is a pervasive problem in the United States, and has been previously associated with adverse health and wellbeing in children. The mechanism that underlies this association is assumed to be poor dietary intake, which is likely a result of lack of access to healthy, affordable foods. The purpose of this research was to examine associations between dietary quality, vegetable availability and access, and food insecurity within low-income children. Cross-sectional data from TX Sprouts, a school-based randomized controlled cooking, gardening, and nutrition intervention, were used. Public health and surveillance efforts rely on accurate measures of child food insecurity; however, research suggests that current efforts which utilize parent report of child-level food insecurity may be inaccurate or underestimate the true prevalence. The first aim was to compare child versus parent perceptions of child-level food security status via questionnaires within a large, ethnically diverse population. Previous approaches to alleviating food insecurity and providing nutritious foods, like vegetables, have focused on community or policy level barriers that these households may face. However, even when these barriers have been overcome, individual and interpersonal barriers to vegetable availability, access, and utilization may still persist. The second aim was to examine the relationship between individual and interpersonal barriers to availability, access and utilization of vegetables and household food insecurity. The third aim was to examine the relationship between self-reported food insecurity and dietary quality. Research in this area was needed as evidence linking food insecurity to child dietary intake has been largely unclear and has utilized parent's perception of child-level food insecurity. The results of this research demonstrated the discordance that exists between child report and parent perceptions of child-level food insecurity and that additional research is needed in large, nationally representative samples. Further, within food-insecure households, significant barriers to access, availability, and utilization of vegetables were found. These barriers serve as ideal targets for future interventions seeking to improve vegetable consumption in low-income children. Lastly, food insecurity was associated with lower diet quality. Interventions targeting food insecure children are needed to improve dietary quality as this may alleviate some of the detrimental impacts of food insecurity on health and wellbeing
