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Author: Deborah M. Oseas-Kreger
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 292
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Book Description
Author: Deborah M. Oseas-Kreger
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 292
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Book Description
Author: Mary Hovey Wanat
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Attention
Languages : en
Pages : 150
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Author: Constanze Elisabeth Anna Mikyska
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Author: Sang Ho Lee (Ph. D. in psychology)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Cognitive psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Recent studies of spatial attention suggest that the distribution of attention mapped by the flanker task shows local suppression of attention at small regions around the target (surround inhibition). I explored how facilitatory and inhibitory selective attention mechanisms form and modulate the distribution of attention, using a newly developed cognitive model that dissociates the two mechanisms assumed to underlie the distribution of attention: facilitation and inhibition. The model assumed that distinct facilitatory and inhibitory control mechanisms modulate the breadths of different parts of the attentional distribution. Two flanker task experiments sought to modulate selectively the operations of the two mechanisms, also reflected by changes in two parameters of a computational model of selective attention in the task. The behavioral and modeling results showed that inhibition and facilitation were not selectively modulated by the experimental manipulations. However, assessment of two alternative measures of selective attention in the flanker task, the magnitude of flanker interference and the breadth of the attentional distribution, showed evidence for distinct facilitatory and inhibitory control mechanisms.
Author: Arthur F. Kramer
Publisher: Amer Psychological Assn
ISBN: 9781557983299
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 545
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Book Description
This volume represents the state of the art in research on visual selective attention, with a focus on the broad theme of converging operations. In 19 chapters, prominent scholars in the study of visual attention bring readers up to date on findings made possible over the past 15 years by new research methods and brain-imaging technologies. The first 5 chapters present a review and tutorial on the current issues of relevance to the study of visual selective attention, including specific research techniques and various theories, paradigms, and models. The remaining chapters provide cutting-edge research from multiple perspectives: behavioral studies, computational modeling, human research, and neural-imaging techniques. An examination of how disparate approaches from a variety of disciplines can be combined to provide an integrated view of visual selective attention is also presented. Converging Operations in the Study of Visual Selective Attention covers a broad scope of topics - inhibition, top-down and bottom-up control of attention, locus of selection, and representation - in reporting the range of research available from leaders in the field. In documenting these accomplishments, it sets the agenda for future studies.
Author: Jeanne Enid Knight
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Attention
Languages : en
Pages : 80
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Author: Fenia Kalogeropoulou
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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The aim of the present thesis was to investigate orienting of attention in space. Specifically, I aimed to investigate how apparently irrelevant locations are processed by healthy adults and schizophrenia patients. In a series of six Experiments we investigated the attentional bias (Posner & Cohen, 1984) against returning to already explored, but irrelevant, locations. We can consider this effect a measure of effective attentional orienting in space. A first general objective was to investigate factors that affect attentional orienting in healthy adults, as the inhibitory bias to return to previously explored locations is affected by manipulations that encourage endogenous orienting strategies. We proposed the hypothesis that orienting strategies are influenced by temporal manipulations of spatial events (Cheval & Chastain, 2002). In line with this expectation, we found that, in addition to the range of time intervals (short or long) employed in the task, the temporal gap between the time intervals also affected the time course of facilitation and inhibition at cued, irrelevant, locations. Thus, when there was a big gap between the short and the long time intervals, inhibition of the irrelevant location was delayed even when the range of intervals was long. Although the range of intervals was long, so there was enough time for attention to be shifted away from the irrelevant location (Cheval & Chastain, 2002), the long temporal gap between the short and long intervals probably lead to misperceptions of the actual duration of the temporal events (the middle intervals were perceived as being shorter) (Eagleman, 2008). As a result, attention was maintained longer at the attended, but irrelevant, location in order to detect the target efficiently. According to previous literature, we also expected that automatic reorienting of attention to the centre would affect onset and duration of facilitation and inhibition at the cued location (Pratt et al., 2000; 2002).
Author: Addie Johnson
Publisher: SAGE
ISBN: 0761927611
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 489
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Book Description
Attention: Theory and Practice provides a balance between a readable overview of attention and an emphasis on how theories and paradigms for the study of attention have developed. The book highlights the important issues and major findings while giving sufficient details of experimental studies, models, and theories so that results and conclusions are easy to follow and evaluate. Rather than brushing over tricky technical details, the authors explain them clearly, giving readers the benefit of understanding the motivation for and techniques of the experiments in order to allow readers to think through results, models, and theories for themselves. Attention is an accessible text for advanced undergraduate and graduate students in psychology, as well as an important resource for researchers and practitioners interested in gaining an overview of the field of attention.
Author: David LaBerge
Publisher: Harvard University Press
ISBN: 9780674052680
Category : Attention
Languages : en
Pages : 284
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Book Description
LaBerge explores how we are able to restrict the input of extraneous and confusing information, or prepare to process a future stimulus, in order to take effective action. As well as describing the pathways in the cortex presumed to be involved in attentional processing, he examines the hypothesis that two subcortical structures, the superior colliculus and the thalamus, contain circuit mechanisms that embody an algorithm of attention. In addition, he takes us through various ways of posing the problem, from an information-processing description of how attention works to a consideration of some of the cognitive and behavioral consequences of the brain's computations, such as desiring, judging, imaging, and remembering.
Author: James Charles Saunders
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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