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Languages : en
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YBCO-coated conductors will enable the development of smaller, lighter, more-efficient electric power devices that can be operated at temperatures approaching that of liquid nitrogen. The critical current density (J[sub c]) of YBCO films on flexible metallic substrates has been significantly improved by epitaxially growing the YBCO on biaxially textured template films. Inclined substrate deposition (ISD) offers the potential for rapidly producing high-quality biaxially textured buffer layers that are suitable for YBCO-coated conductors. Using the ISD method, we have grown biaxially textured MgO films at deposition rates of 20-100[angstrom]/sec. Electron microscopy of the ISD-MgO films revealed columnar grains topped off by MgO (002) planes, and X-ray pole figure analysis showed that the (002) planes are tilted with respect to the substrate normal, giving ISD-MgO films a roof-tile surface morphology. A small phi-scan full-width at half maximum of[approx]10[sup o] was observed on ISD-MgO films deposited with a substrate inclination of 55[sup o]. YBCO films were grown on ISD-MgO buffered Hastelloy substrates by pulsed laser deposition. A sample that was 0.42[micro]m x 0.45 mm x 1 cm gave a transport J[sub c] of[approx]0.34 MA/cm[sup 2] at 77 K in self-field. Details of ISD-MgO film fabrication and characterization, as well as the results of YBCO deposited on the ISD-MgO architecture, are presented.
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Languages : en
Pages : 5
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Inclined substrate deposition (ISD) has the potential for rapid production of high-quality biaxially textured buffer layers, which are important for YBCO-coated conductor applications. We have grown biaxially textured MgO films by ISD at deposition rates of 20-100[angstrom]/sec. Columnar grains with a roof-tile surface structure were observed in the ISD-MgO films. X-ray pole figure analysis revealed that the (002) planes of the ISD-MgO films are tilted at an angle from the substrate normal. A small[phi]-scan full-width at half maximum (FWHM) of[approx]9[sup o] was observed on MgO films deposited at an inclination angle of 55[sup o]. In-plane texture in the ISD MgO films developed in the first 0.5[micro]m from the interface, then stabilized with further increases in film thickness. YBCO films deposited by pulsed laser deposition on ISD-MgO buffered Hastelloy C276 substrates were biaxially aligned with the c-axis parallel to the substrate normal. T[sub c] of 91 K with a sharp transition and transport J[sub c] of 5.5 x 10[sup 5] A/cm[sup 2] at 77 K in self-field were measured on a YBCO film that was 0.46-[micro]m thick, 4-mm wide, 10-mm long.
Author: Amit Goyal
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118405951
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 402
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Book Description
Included in this volume are papers on biaxial and triaxial crystallographic texturing, epitaxial growth on biaxially textured substrates, melt-processing of YBCO, and basic information about HTS materials concerning phase diagrams, measurement of physical properties, characterization, and effects of various defects including grain boundaries on supercurrent transmission. Proceedings of the symposium held at the 104th Annual Meeting of The American Ceramic Society, April 28-May1, 2002 in Missouri; Ceramic Transactions, Volume 140.
Author: Lynnette D Madsen
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319234196
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 378
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Book Description
This book is about applied materials research in industry. It presents various important topics and challenges and gives guidance to materials researchers who move to industry. The book focuses on the materials manufacturing issues for industrial application. It deals with developments and challenges in traditional materials areas, such as metals and ceramics, and new opportunities that have risen from nanotechnology and additive manufacturing. The chapters, written by senior people from large companies, include successful manufacturing undertakings, several distinct and unresolved manufacturing challenges, with the focus on approaches, timelines and the skills needed for future company research and development. The book provides a cross-section of current and future approaches valuable for new employees and academics working in industry.
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Languages : en
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Thin films of YBa[sub 2]Cu[sub 3]O[sub 7-x] (YBCO) were grown on MgO buffered metallic substrates by pulsed laser deposition (PLD). The MgO buffer films, which provide the initial biaxial texture, had been grown on polished Hastelloy C276 (HC) tapes using inclined substrate deposition (ISD). The ISD process is promising for the fabrication of coated superconductor wires because it produces biaxially textured template films on nontextured substrate at high deposition rates. Biaxially aligned MgO films were deposited at deposition rates of 20 to 100[angstrom]/sec. The buffer films were deposited on these template films before ablation of the YBCO films by PLD. The microstructure was studied by scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. X-ray pole figure analysis and[phi]- and[omega]-scans were used for texture characterization. Good in- and out-of-plane textures were observed on the ISD MgO films ([approx]1.5[micro]m thick). The full width at half maximums were 9.2[sup o] for the MgO (002)[phi]-scan and 5.4[sup o] for the[omega]-scan. Cube-on-cube epitaxial growth of yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) and ceria (CeO[sub 2]) films on the ISD MgO films was also achieved by PLD. A superconducting critical temperature of 90 K, with a sharp transition, and transport critical current density of>2.5 x 10[sup 5] A/cm[sup 2] were obtained on a 0.5-[micro]m-thick, 0.5-cm-wide, and 1-cm-long YBCO film with MgO buffer layer at 77 K in self-field.
Author: Raghu N. Bhattacharya
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 3527643885
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 267
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Book Description
This essential reference provides the most comprehensive presentation of state-of-the-art research being conducting worldwide today in this growing field of research and applications. HTS are currently being supported by numerous governmental and industrial initiatives in the USA and Asia and Europe to overcome energy distribution issues and are now being commercialised for power-delivery devices, such as power transmission lines and cables, motors, and generators. Applications in electric utilities include energy-storing devices to help industries avoid dips in electric power, current limiters, and long transmission lines. The technology is particularly thought out for highly-populated and densed areas. Both editors are leading experts in the field from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory and the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. This book can be used as a companion teaching tool, and also as as a research and professional reference.
Author: Winnie Wong-Ng
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118408489
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 208
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Book Description
The number of ceramic materials with a perovskite type structure islarge and of considerable technological importance due to theirrich crystal chemistry and structure-property relationships.Applications include multilayer capacitators, piezoelectrictransducers, PTC thermistors, electrooptical modulators, opticalswitches, dielectric resonators, thick film resistors, electronicsensors, electrorestrictive actuators, magnetic bubble memorydevices, laser host materials, ferromagnetic materials, refractoryelectrodes, second harmonic generators, batteries, ceramicelectrodes, thermoelectric devices, and high temperaturesuperconductors. This volume contains papers on the research and development of newperovskite materials for various applications including doping ofexisting perovskite materials as well as processing for improvedproperties.
Author: Amit Goyal
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9781402081170
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 372
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Book Description
The discovery of high temperature superconductors (HTS) in 1986 by two IBM scientists led to an unprecedented explosion of research and development efforts world-wide because of the significant potential for practical applications offered by these materials. However, the early euphoria created by the exciting prospects was dampened by the daunting task of fabricating these materials into useful forms with acceptable superconducting properties. Progress towards this goal has been hindered by many intrinsic materials problems, such as weak-links, flux-creep, and poor mechanical properties. The above problems led to the development of the Second-Generation of HTS wires. Three methods were invented to produce flexible metallic substrates, which were also crystallographically biaxially textured, and resembled a long, mosaic single crystal. The first method invented is the Ion-Beam-Assisted-Deposition (IBAD). The second method developed was the Inclined-Substrate-Deposition (ISD). The third method invented is called the Rolling-assisted-biaxially-textured-substrates (RABiTS). The book is divided into four sections. The first section discusses the three methods to fabricate biaxially textured substrates, upon which, epitaxial YBCO or other HTS materials can be deposited to realize a single-crystal-like HTS wire. The second section includes chapters on various methods of HTS deposition such as pulsed laser ablation (PLD), thermal co-evaporation, sputtering, pulsed electron beam deposition, ex-situ BaF2 by co-evaporation flowed by annealing, chemical solution based ex-situ processes, jet vapor deposition, metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD), and liquid phase epitaxy (LPE). The third section includes detailed chapters on other HTS materials such as the various Tl-based and Hg-based conductors. These Second-Generation HTS conductors, also referred to as "Coated conductors" represent one of the most exciting developments in HTS technology. HTS wires based on this technology have the potential to carry 100-1000 times the current without resistance losses of comparable copper wire. HTS power equipment based on these HTS conductors has a potential to be half the size of conventional alternatives with the same or higher power rating and less than one half the energy losses. Upgrading of the world-wide electric power transmission and distribution with HTS based devices can significantly help in meeting the growing demand for electricity world-wide. There is little question that superconducting technology based on the Next-Generation HTS Superconducting Wires will make a substantial impact on the way we generate, transmit, distribute and use electric power. Of course the question is - how soon?
Author: Ruling Meng
Publisher: Wiley-American Ceramic Society
ISBN:
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 204
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Book Description
This comprehensive volume is a good summary of the latest developments in high-temperature superconductor (HTS) research and an excellent resource for researchers and managers working in this field. The book is divided into three chapters: coated conductors; BSCCO-based conductors, MgB2 , and other HTS materials; and control of microstructure. Papers include topics such as long-length flexible wires and tapes, melt-textured YBCO materials, processing of HTS materials, the current status and potential for YBCO-based coated conductors, BSCCO-based conductors, and MgB2 based wires. Proceedings of the symposium held at the 105th Annual Meeting of The American Ceramic Society, April 27-30, in Nashville, Tennessee; Ceramic Transactions, Volume 149.
