Extended Dividend, Cash Flow and Residual Income Valuation Models PDF Download
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Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Standard equity valuation approaches (i.e., DDM, RIM, and DCF model) are derived under the assumption of ideal conditions, such as infinite payoffs and clean surplus accounting. Because these conditions are hardly ever met, we extend the standard approaches, based on the fundamental principle of financial statement articulation. The extended models are then tested empirically by employing two sets of forecasts: (1) analyst forecasts provided by Value Line and (2) forecasts generated by cross-sectional regression models. The main result is that our extended models yield considerably smaller valuation errors. Moreover, by construction, identical value estimates are obtained across the extended models. By reestablishing empirical equivalence under non-ideal conditions, our approach provides a benchmark that enables us to quantify the errors resulting from individual deviations from ideal conditions, and thus, to analyze the robustness of the standard approaches. Finally, by providing a level playing field for the different valuation approaches, our findings have implications for other empirical settings, for example, estimating the implied cost of capital. -- Dirty Surplus ; Terminal Value ; Steady-State ; Valuation Error
Author:
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Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Standard equity valuation approaches (i.e., DDM, RIM, and DCF model) are derived under the assumption of ideal conditions, such as infinite payoffs and clean surplus accounting. Because these conditions are hardly ever met, we extend the standard approaches, based on the fundamental principle of financial statement articulation. The extended models are then tested empirically by employing two sets of forecasts: (1) analyst forecasts provided by Value Line and (2) forecasts generated by cross-sectional regression models. The main result is that our extended models yield considerably smaller valuation errors. Moreover, by construction, identical value estimates are obtained across the extended models. By reestablishing empirical equivalence under non-ideal conditions, our approach provides a benchmark that enables us to quantify the errors resulting from individual deviations from ideal conditions, and thus, to analyze the robustness of the standard approaches. Finally, by providing a level playing field for the different valuation approaches, our findings have implications for other empirical settings, for example, estimating the implied cost of capital. -- Dirty Surplus ; Terminal Value ; Steady-State ; Valuation Error
Author: Lucie Courteau
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 52
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Book Description
Recently, Penman and Sougiannis (1998) and Francis, Olsson and Oswald (1999) compared the bias and accuracy of the dividend discount model (DDM), discounted cash flow model (DCF), and Edwards-Bell-Ohlson residual income model (RIM) in explaining the relation between value estimates and observed stock prices. Both studies report that, with non price-based terminal values, RIM outperforms DCF and DDM. Our primary research objective is to explore whether, over a five-year valuation horizon, DDM, DCF and RIM are empirically equivalent when Penman's (1998) theoretically quot;idealquot; terminal value expressions are employed in each model. Using Value Line terminal stock price forecasts at the horizon to proxy for such values, we find empirical support for the prediction of equivalence between these three price-based valuation models.Our secondary research objective is to demonstrate that, within each class of the DCF and RIM valuation models, the model that employs Value Line forecasted price in the terminal value expression will generate the lowest pricing errors, compared to models that employ non price-based terminal value under an arbitrary growth assumption. Results indicate that, for both DCF and RIM, price-based valuation models outperform the corresponding non price-based models by a wide margin. We also revisit the issue of the apparent superiority of RIM, and find that this result does not hold in a level playing field where an approximation of ideal terminal values is employed. In fact, the price-based RIM model is marginally outperformed by the price-based DCF and DDM models, in terms of pricing errors as well as its ability to explain current market price.
Author: Aswath Damodaran
Publisher: Now Publishers Inc
ISBN: 1601980140
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 102
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Book Description
Valuation lies at the heart of much of what we do in finance, whether it is the study of market efficiency and questions about corporate governance or the comparison of different investment decision rules in capital budgeting. In this paper, we consider the theory and evidence on valuation approaches. We begin by surveying the literature on discounted cash flow valuation models, ranging from the first mentions of the dividend discount model to value stocks to the use of excess return models in more recent years. In the second part of the paper, we examine relative valuation models and, in particular, the use of multiples and comparables in valuation and evaluate whether relative valuation models yield more or less precise estimates of value than discounted cash flow models. In the final part of the paper, we set the stage for further research in valuation by noting the estimation challenges we face as companies globalize and become exposed to risk in multiple countries.
Author: John D. Stowe, CFA
Publisher: Wiley
ISBN: 0470370939
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 112
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Book Description
In the book Equity Asset Valuation, experts John Stowe, Thomas Robinson, Jerald Pinto, and Dennis McLeavey fully detail the contemporary techniques used to determine the intrinsic value of an equity security, and show readers how to successfully apply these techniques in both foreign and domestic markets. In the Equity Asset Valuation Workbook, they offer you a wealth of practical information and exercises that will further enhance your understanding of this discipline. This detailed study guide--which parallels Equity Asset Valuation chapter by chapter--contains concise summary overviews of the chapters, challenging problems, and a complete set of solutions. Engaging and accessible, Equity Asset Valuation Workbook reviews essential concepts you must be familiar with in order to excel at this endeavor. Topics covered include: The equity valuation process Discounted dividend valuation Free cash flow valuation Market-based valuation--including price multiples Residual income valuation And much more
Author: Pablo Fernandez
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 12
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Book Description
I show that the three residual Income models for equity valuation always yield the same value as the Discounted Cash Flow Valuation models.lt;brgt;lt;brgt;I use three residual income measures: Economic Profit (EP), Economic Value Added (EVA) and Cash Value Added (CVA). I first show that the present value of the EP discounted at the required return to equity plus the equity book value equals the value of equity (the present value of the Equity cash flow discounted at the required return to equity).lt;brgt;lt;brgt;Then, I show that the present value of the EVA discounted at the WACC plus the enterprise book value (equity plus debt) equals is the enterprise market value ( the present value of the Free cash flow discounted at the WACC).lt;brgt;lt;brgt;Then, I show that the present value of the CVA discounted at the WACC plus the enterprise book value (equity plus debt) is also equal to the enterprise market value.
Author: Dhananjay (Dan) K. Gode
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 21
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Book Description
Valuation techniques are important to practitioners and academics. Although theoretically equity value equals the present value of expected dividends, in practice, higher-level metrics such as free cash flows, earnings, and book values are used for valuation. This paper helps us understand these metrics by: (1) providing a common and simple theoretical framework that shows how these alternative valuation metrics can be used instead of dividends; (2) using the common framework to provide the theoretical underpinnings of earnings-based valuation.
Author: Russell J. Lundholm
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 33
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Book Description
In this paper we investigate why the discounted cash flow model and residual income model frequently give different value estimates. We identify three common errors in the implementation of the models and show that these errors affect the models in different ways, creating differences in the value estimates that each produces. Our estimates of the size and direction of these errors roughly reconciles the observed differences in value estimates from papers attempting to quot;horse-racequot; the models. We also argue that any such contest is ill-conceived; given the same set of forecasted financial statements all models derived from the basic dividend-discounting assumption should yield the same value estimate. We discuss why claims of the residual income model's superiority over the discounted cash flow model, both on empirical and theoretical grounds, are misstated.
Author: Jerald E. Pinto
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119104645
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 624
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Book Description
Navigate equity investments and asset valuation with confidence Equity Asset Valuation, Third Edition blends theory and practice to paint an accurate, informative picture of the equity asset world. The most comprehensive resource on the market, this text supplements your studies for the third step in the three-level CFA certification program by integrating both accounting and finance concepts to explore a collection of valuation models and challenge you to determine which models are most appropriate for certain companies and circumstances. Detailed learning outcome statements help you navigate your way through the content, which covers a wide range of topics, including how an analyst approaches the equity valuation process, the basic DDM, the derivation of the required rate of return within the context of Markowitz and Sharpe's modern portfolio theory, and more. Equity investments encompass the buying and holding of shares of stock in the anticipation of collecting income from dividends and capital gains. Determining which shares will be profitable is key, and an array of valuation techniques is applied on today's market to decide which stocks are ripe for investment and which are best left out of your portfolio. Access the most comprehensive equity asset valuation text on the market Leverage detailed learning outcome statements that focus your attention on key concepts, and guide you in applying the material accurately and effectively Explore a wide range of essential topics, such as the free cash flow approach, valuation using Graham and Dodd type concepts of earning power, associated market multiples, and residual income models Improve your study efforts by leveraging the text during your CFA certification program prep Equity Asset Valuation, Third Edition is a comprehensive, updated text that guides you through the information you need to know to fully understand the general analysis of equity investments.
Author: Megha Agarwal
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 11
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Book Description
The research paper is an effort to compare the earnings based and cash flow based methods of valuation of an enterprise. The theoretically equivalent methods based on either earnings such as Residual Earnings Model (REM), Abnormal Earnings Growth Model (AEGM), Residual Operating Income Method (ReOIM), Abnormal Operating Income Growth Model (AOIGM) and its extensions multipliers such as Price/Earnings Ratio, Price/Book Value Ratio; or cash flow based models such as Dividend Valuation Method (DVM) and Free Cash Flow method (FCFM) all provide different estimates of valuation of the Indian giant corporate Reliance India Limited (RIL). An ex-post analysis of published accounting and financial data for four financial years from 2008-09 to 2011-12 has been conducted. A comparison of these valuation estimates with the actual market capitalization of the company shows that the complex accounting based model AOIGM provides closest forecasts. These different estimates may be derived due to inconsistencies in discount rate, growth rates and the other forecasted variables. Although inputs for earnings based models may be available to the investor and analysts through published statements, precise estimation of free cash flows may be better undertaken by the internal management. The estimation of value from more stable parameters as Residual operating income and Residual Net Operating Assets could be considered superior to the valuations from more volatile return on equity.
Author: Sue Joy Wright
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780170261951
Category : Business enterprises
Languages : en
Pages : 720
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Book Description
Business Analysis and Valuation has been developed specifically for students undertaking accounting Valuation subjects. With a significant number of case studies exploring various issues in this field, including a running chapter example, it offers a practical and in-depth approach. This second edition of the Palepu text has been revitalised with all new Australian content in parts 1-3, making this edition predominantly local, while still retaining a selection of the much admired and rigorous Harvard case studies in part 4. Retaining the same author team, this new edition presents the field of valuation accounting in the Australian context in a clear, logical and thorough manner.
