Exploring the Role of Empathy and Exploration Behavior as Mediators of the Relationship Between Adolescent Trust in a Significant Nonfamilial Adult and Prosocial Intentions and Volunteer Behavior PDF Download
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Author: Brooke Fullmer Yetter
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Adolescent psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 94
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Book Description
Previous research has demonstrated that an adolescent's degree of trust in a significant, nonfamilial adult can significantly predict the degree of his/her prosocial intentions and volunteer behavior. The current study builds upon this research by examining empathy and exploration behavior as mediators in this relationship in order to elucidate some of the mechanisms by which this relationship occurs. Based on attachment theory and research, it was hypothesized that empathy and exploration behavior would partially mediate the prediction of prosocial intentions and volunteer behavior from adolescent trust in significant, nonfamilial adults. Within this sample of 633 ethnically diverse, lower SES, Los Angeles high school students for whom community service was not required by school, bootstrapping analyses revealed that empathy partially mediated the prediction of prosocial intentions and mediated the prediction of volunteer behavior from adolescent trust in a significant, nonfamilial adult. Exploration behavior partially mediated the prediction of volunteer behavior, but did not significantly mediate the prediction of prosocial intentions from adolescent trust in significant, nonfamilial adult. One additional exploratory analysis revealed that the degree of trust in a significant, nonfamilial adult did not significantly vary depending on the type of significant, nonfamilial adult. Results, limitations, future directions, and implications are discussed.
Author: Brooke Fullmer Yetter
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Adolescent psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 94
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Book Description
Previous research has demonstrated that an adolescent's degree of trust in a significant, nonfamilial adult can significantly predict the degree of his/her prosocial intentions and volunteer behavior. The current study builds upon this research by examining empathy and exploration behavior as mediators in this relationship in order to elucidate some of the mechanisms by which this relationship occurs. Based on attachment theory and research, it was hypothesized that empathy and exploration behavior would partially mediate the prediction of prosocial intentions and volunteer behavior from adolescent trust in significant, nonfamilial adults. Within this sample of 633 ethnically diverse, lower SES, Los Angeles high school students for whom community service was not required by school, bootstrapping analyses revealed that empathy partially mediated the prediction of prosocial intentions and mediated the prediction of volunteer behavior from adolescent trust in a significant, nonfamilial adult. Exploration behavior partially mediated the prediction of volunteer behavior, but did not significantly mediate the prediction of prosocial intentions from adolescent trust in significant, nonfamilial adult. One additional exploratory analysis revealed that the degree of trust in a significant, nonfamilial adult did not significantly vary depending on the type of significant, nonfamilial adult. Results, limitations, future directions, and implications are discussed.
Author: Ciprian Corneliu Boitor
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Adolescent psychotherapy
Languages : en
Pages : 242
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Book Description
Author: Ciprian Corneliu Boitor
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Adolescent psychotherapy
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Author: Janice Avalone
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Author: Relda Jean Johnson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Learning, Psychology of
Languages : en
Pages : 558
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Author: David L. DuBois
Publisher: SAGE Publications
ISBN: 1483309819
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 601
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Book Description
This thoroughly updated Second Edition of the Handbook of Youth Mentoring presents the only comprehensive synthesis of current theory, research, and practice in the field of youth mentoring. Editors David L. DuBois and Michael J. Karcher gather leading experts in the field to offer critical and informative analyses of the full spectrum of topics that are essential to advancing our understanding of the principles for effective mentoring of young people. This volume includes twenty new chapter topics and eighteen completely revised chapters based on the latest research on these topics. Each chapter has been reviewed by leading practitioners, making this handbook the strongest bridge between research and practice available in the field of youth mentoring.
Author: Lee Lazar
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Empathy has been commonly referred to as a catalyst for prosocial behavior (i.e. helping). However, empathy does not always compel one to act in a supportive or helpful manner. This is because empathy is a complex, multidimensional construct which can involve the sharing of emotions with another (an affective process), taking the perspective of another (a cognitive process), and feeling sorrow or concern for another (prosocial concern), features which interact and promote prosocial behavior in varying ways depending on the situation. Neuroscience methods have allowed researchers to examine the neural correlates of these components as individuals undergo an empathic experience. Interestingly, there is evidence that the components of empathy have dissociable neural correlates with differing developmental trajectories. Importantly, neural regions underlying the cognitive component of empathy continue to undergo structural and functional change throughout adolescence, making it a particularly critical stage to investigate how empathy develops and relates to prosocial behavior. Thus, in the present study, 11-17-year-olds viewed the social exclusion of a same-aged peer (Cyberball) as they underwent a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scan. After exiting the scanner, participants were given the opportunity to write messages to both the victim and excluders who played in the Cyberball game. Participants' neural activity in Affective Pain (dACC, AI), Mentalizing (pSTS, dmPFC, TPJ), and Prosocial Concern (SA, mOFC) networks while viewing the exclusion (vs inclusion) were extracted and examined in relation to the degree of prosocial behavior participants displayed after the scan. Results revealed gender differences in both state empathy and prosocial behavior in response to viewing the social exclusion, such that girls reported feeling greater empathy for the victim of the exclusion. Affective Pain and Mentalizing networks both showed significant activation across the whole sample when viewing the exclusion episode compared to inclusion, though girls showed significantly greater activity in the Mentalizing network compared to boys. Additionally, there were significant gender differences in how trait perspective taking related to activation in the Affective Pain network during exclusion. In terms of how neural activity predicts subsequent prosocial behavior, the Prosocial Concern network was the only network to relate to prosocial behavior, such that older adolescents (15 to 17-year-olds) showed a significant positive relationship between Prosocial Concern network activity during exclusion and subsequent prosocial behavior. Results suggest important gender differences to consider in understanding empathy and prosocial behavior in adolescence, and reveal that the Prosocial Concern network is uniquely predictive of prosocial behavior amongst older adolescents. The Prosocial Concern network includes neural regions involved in the evolved mammalian and human caregiving systems. Thus, this may suggest that older adolescents have a more mature or developed caregiving system (aligning with the age in which they can physically reproduce), which can be used to support prosocial behavior.
Author: Karen L. Alexander
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 292
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Author: Alan Booth
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461414350
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 272
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Book Description
Early Adulthood in a Family Context, based on the 18th annual National Symposium on Family Issues, emphasizes the importance of both the family of origin and new and highly variable types of family formation experiences that occur in early adulthood. This volume showcases new theoretical, methodological, and measurement insights in hopes of advancing understanding of the influence of the family of origin on young adults' lives. Both family resources and constraints with respect to economic, social, and human capital are considered.
Author: Sandra L. Christenson
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461420172
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 839
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Book Description
For more than two decades, the concept of student engagement has grown from simple attention in class to a construct comprised of cognitive, emotional, and behavioral components that embody and further develop motivation for learning. Similarly, the goals of student engagement have evolved from dropout prevention to improved outcomes for lifelong learning. This robust expansion has led to numerous lines of research across disciplines and are brought together clearly and comprehensively in the Handbook of Research on Student Engagement. The Handbook guides readers through the field’s rich history, sorts out its component constructs, and identifies knowledge gaps to be filled by future research. Grounding data in real-world learning situations, contributors analyze indicators and facilitators of student engagement, link engagement to motivation, and gauge the impact of family, peers, and teachers on engagement in elementary and secondary grades. Findings on the effectiveness of classroom interventions are discussed in detail. And because assessing engagement is still a relatively new endeavor, chapters on measurement methods and issues round out this important resource. Topical areas addressed in the Handbook include: Engagement across developmental stages. Self-efficacy in the engaged learner. Parental and social influences on engagement and achievement motivation. The engaging nature of teaching for competency development. The relationship between engagement and high-risk behavior in adolescents. Comparing methods for measuring student engagement. An essential guide to the expanding knowledge base, the Handbook of Research on Student Engagement serves as a valuable resource for researchers, scientist-practitioners, and graduate students in such varied fields as clinical child and school psychology, educational psychology, public health, teaching and teacher education, social work, and educational policy.
