Examining the Relationship Between Exposure to Violence and Delinquent Behaviors Across Different Immigrant Generations PDF Download
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Author: Meng Ru Shih
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Children of immigrants
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Contrary to popular rhetoric, several immigration studies have shown that the relationship between immigration and crime is null or negative. Within this strand of research, first generation immigrants exhibit significantly lower crime rates than their comparisons. However, recent studies have also found that crime rates began to rise in second- and second-plus generation immigrants. The mechanism contributing to changes in crime rates across generations remains largely unknown. This study posits that exposure to violence (ETV) is one potential risk factor related to the increase in crime and delinquency among immigrant youth, particularly in second-generation immigrant youth. The current study used data from the Pathways to Desistance Study to examine this relationship. Two types of ETV are examined: direct ETV and witness ETV. At baseline, first-generation youth had lower direct and indirect ETV than their peers, whereas second-generation youth reported the highest direct ETV. The associations between ETVs and deviant outcomes are positive, and neighborhood conditions mediate this relationship. Moreover, ethnic identity could be a protective factor for immigrant youth. Collectively, the results support that ETVs are the risk factors contributing to delinquency among immigrant youth. Future research directions and policy implications are addressed.
Author: Meng Ru Shih
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Children of immigrants
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Contrary to popular rhetoric, several immigration studies have shown that the relationship between immigration and crime is null or negative. Within this strand of research, first generation immigrants exhibit significantly lower crime rates than their comparisons. However, recent studies have also found that crime rates began to rise in second- and second-plus generation immigrants. The mechanism contributing to changes in crime rates across generations remains largely unknown. This study posits that exposure to violence (ETV) is one potential risk factor related to the increase in crime and delinquency among immigrant youth, particularly in second-generation immigrant youth. The current study used data from the Pathways to Desistance Study to examine this relationship. Two types of ETV are examined: direct ETV and witness ETV. At baseline, first-generation youth had lower direct and indirect ETV than their peers, whereas second-generation youth reported the highest direct ETV. The associations between ETVs and deviant outcomes are positive, and neighborhood conditions mediate this relationship. Moreover, ethnic identity could be a protective factor for immigrant youth. Collectively, the results support that ETVs are the risk factors contributing to delinquency among immigrant youth. Future research directions and policy implications are addressed.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309065453
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 673
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Book Description
Immigrant children and youth are the fastest-growing segment of the U.S. population, and so their prospects bear heavily on the well-being of the country. Children of Immigrants represents some of the very best and most extensive research efforts to date on the circumstances, health, and development of children in immigrant families and the delivery of health and social services to these children and their families. This book presents new, detailed analyses of more than a dozen existing datasets that constitute a large share of the national system for monitoring the health and well-being of the U.S. population. Prior to these new analyses, few of these datasets had been used to assess the circumstances of children in immigrant families. The analyses enormously expand the available knowledge about the physical and mental health status and risk behaviors, educational experiences and outcomes, and socioeconomic and demographic circumstances of first- and second-generation immigrant children, compared with children with U.S.-born parents.
Author: Jacquelyn W. White
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781433809149
Category : Child abuse
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Child abuse, sexual and domestic violence are among the most destructive experiences afflicting women and children. The wide prevalence of such violence takes an enormous toll on the lives of individual victims as well as the larger society, through innumerable behavioral, health, psychological, and economic consequences. While many groups, organizations, and government agencies have been established to identify, prevent, and treat such violence, our response to these problems has been piecemeal and not optimally successful. A coordinated, cross-disciplinary synthesis of what we know, how we know it, and the necessary next steps is sorely needed to enable us to effectively address these issues. Developed as part of an initiative by former APA President Alan Kazdin, this two-volume set aims to provide consensus recommendations for researchers, practitioners, advocates, policymakers, and all those who seek more effective responses to interpersonal violence. In volume 1, experts from diverse disciplines describe prevalence rates among various populations; risk factors for perpetration and vulnerability and protective factors for potential victims. They also document the impact of violence on the victims in terms of psychological, reproductive, maternal and child health, and behavioral and economic consequences. In the process, they establish commonalities across child abuse, sexual and domestic violence, and suggest vital next steps for collaborative efforts. In volume 2, eminent scholars use a public health model to examine current societal responses to interpersonal violence. Authors examine the efficacy of medical and psychological treatments for victims, families, and perpetrators, as well as justice system responses to various forms of child abuse, sexual violence, and domestic violence. Interventions are suggested at several levels of prevention, including initiatives designed to eradicate the problem (primary prevention), reduce it among those at risk (secondary prevention), and minimize the negative consequences of violence and stabilize health (tertiary prevention). Finally, the editors present an integrative conclusion that provides a sound foundation for future responses across practice, research, advocacy and policy, at the local and national level
Author: Ramiro Martinez, Jr.
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119114012
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 582
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Book Description
This Handbook presents current and future studies on the changing dynamics of the role of immigrants and the impact of immigration, across the United States and industrialized and developing nations. It covers the changing dynamics of race, ethnicity, and immigration, and discusses how it all contributes to variations in crime, policing, and the overall justice system. Through acknowledging that some groups, especially people of color, are disproportionately influenced more than others in the case of criminal justice reactions, the “War on Drugs”, and hate crimes; this Handbook introduces the importance of studying race and crime so as to better understand it. It does so by recommending that researchers concentrate on ethnic diversity in a national and international context in order to broaden their demographic and expand their understanding of how to attain global change. Featuring contributions from top experts in the field, The Handbook of Race and Crime is presented in five sections—An Overview of Race, Ethnicity, Crime, and Justice; Theoretical Perspectives on Race and Crime; Race, Gender, and the Justice System; Gender and Crime; and Race, Gender and Comparative Criminology. Each section of the book addresses a key area of research, summarizes findings or shortcomings whenever possible, and provides new results relevant to race/crime and justice. Every contribution is written by a top expert in the field and based on the latest research. With a sharp focus on contemporary race, ethnicity, crime, and justice studies, The Handbook of Race and Crime is the ideal reference for advanced undergraduate students, graduate students, and scholars interested in the disciplines such as Criminology, Race and Ethnicity, Race and the Justice System, and the Sociology of Race.
Author: Giovanni Maria Ruggiero
Publisher: IOS Press
ISBN: 1607506858
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 160
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Book Description
Globalization, accompanied by more options for communication, has led to sweeping changes which mean that the economic, political and cultural realities of one country may influence those of other countries, despite them being geographically far apart. Increased migration, both within and across national borders, serves only to amplify the potential problems that this can cause. Trauma and violence are often associated with the migration process, and even where they are not, migration and immigration represent a massive challenge to individuals which frequently involves loss of identity, alienation and discrimination. This book is a collection of 16 papers from the NATO sponsored meeting entitled Perspectives on Immigration and Terrorism, which took place in Milan (Italy) in March 2010, and which focused on the psychological and socio-cultural precursors to the radicalization of immigrant youth in Europe. Some of the topics explored include: factors of cultural and ideological opposition to western societies; the growing pressure of the process of secularization; illegal aspects of terrorism; immigration as a possible trajectory for political radicalism; the interaction between traumatic experience and immigration; acculturation and adjustment to a new culture; potential predictors of terrorist behavior and the role of a sense of national belonging. The book provides many perspectives on the way in which vulnerability to radical ideology may develop among individuals whose lack of personal and social resources may result in alienation, frustration and desperation. It also offers solutions which might be implemented to mitigate or prevent this problem.
Author: Ann S. Masten
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1107019508
Category : Family & Relationships
Languages : en
Pages : 465
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Book Description
The success and well-being of immigrant youth has become a vital issue for many receiving societies in North America and Europe as a result of global migration. This volume brings together leading scholars on immigrant youth to discuss current research and its implications for education, policy, and intervention.
Author: Leo P. Chall
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Online databases
Languages : en
Pages : 714
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Book Description
CSA Sociological Abstracts abstracts and indexes the international literature in sociology and related disciplines in the social and behavioral sciences. The database provides abstracts of journal articles and citations to book reviews drawn from over 1,800+ serials publications, and also provides abstracts of books, book chapters, dissertations, and conference papers.
Author: Havidan Rodriguez
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0387719431
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 412
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Book Description
The Latina/o population in the United States has become the largest minority group in the nation. Latinas/os are a mosaic of people, representing different nationalities and religions as well as different levels of education and income. This edited volume uses a multidisciplinary approach to document how Latinas and Latinos have changed and continue to change the face of America. It also includes critical methodological and theoretical information related to the study of the Latino/a population in the United States.
Author: United States. Wickersham Commission
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aliens
Languages : en
Pages : 430
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Book Description
Author: National Research Council and Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309065615
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 335
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Book Description
Immigrant children and youth are the fastest growing segment of the U.S. population, and so their prospects bear heavily on the well-being of the country. However, relevant public policy is shaped less by informed discussion than by politicized contention over welfare reform and immigration limits. From Generation to Generation explores what we know about the development of white, black, Hispanic, and Asian children and youth from numerous countries of origin. Describing the status of immigrant children and youth as "severely understudied," the committee both draws on and supplements existing research to characterize the current status and outlook of immigrant children. The book discusses the many factorsâ€"family size, fluency in English, parent employment, acculturation, delivery of health and social services, and public policiesâ€"that shape the outlook for the lives of these children and youth. The committee makes recommendations for improved research and data collection designed to advance knowledge about these children and, as a result, their visibility in current policy debates.
