Evaluation of historic, current and future water demand in the Olifants River Catchment, South Africa PDF Download
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Author: McCartney, Matthew P., Arranz, Roberto
Publisher: IWMI
ISBN: 9290906723
Category : Olifants River Watershed (South Africa)
Languages : en
Pages : 51
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Book Description
Water resource development has played a significant role in the expansion of agriculture and industry in the Olifants River Catchment. However, currently water deficit is one of the major constraints hampering development in the catchment; both the mining and agricultural sectors are producing below optimal levels because of their reliance on insufficient supplies. In this study, the Water Evaluation and Planning (WEAP) model was used to evaluate scenarios of historic, current and future water demand in the catchment. For each scenario, the WEAP model was used to simulate demand in five different sectors (rural, urban, mining, commercial forestry and irrigation) over a 70-year period of varying rainfall and hydrology. Levels of assured supply were estimated for each sector and the economic cost of failing to provide water was predicted. For the future scenarios, the impact of infrastructure development and water conservation measures were assessed. The study illustrates how a relatively simple model can provide useful insight for resource planning and management.
Author: McCartney, Matthew P., Arranz, Roberto
Publisher: IWMI
ISBN: 9290906723
Category : Olifants River Watershed (South Africa)
Languages : en
Pages : 51
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Book Description
Water resource development has played a significant role in the expansion of agriculture and industry in the Olifants River Catchment. However, currently water deficit is one of the major constraints hampering development in the catchment; both the mining and agricultural sectors are producing below optimal levels because of their reliance on insufficient supplies. In this study, the Water Evaluation and Planning (WEAP) model was used to evaluate scenarios of historic, current and future water demand in the catchment. For each scenario, the WEAP model was used to simulate demand in five different sectors (rural, urban, mining, commercial forestry and irrigation) over a 70-year period of varying rainfall and hydrology. Levels of assured supply were estimated for each sector and the economic cost of failing to provide water was predicted. For the future scenarios, the impact of infrastructure development and water conservation measures were assessed. The study illustrates how a relatively simple model can provide useful insight for resource planning and management.
Author: Roberto Arranz
Publisher: IWMI
ISBN: 9290906545
Category : Olifants River Watershed (South Africa)
Languages : en
Pages : 104
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Book Description
The Olifants catchment is one of 19 Catchment Management Areas in South Africa. Different water users (i.e., rural, urban, mining, subsistence and commercial irrigated agriculture, commercial forestry, industry and power generation) are present in the catchment. Rising population andincreasing water provision in rural areas, in conjunction with the development of the mining industry, the construction of new power generation plants, the implementation of environmental flows andthe need to meet international flow requirements are going to greatly exacerbate the complexity of future water resources management in what is already a water-stressed catchment. Being able to assess the ability of the catchment to satisfy potential water demands is crucial in order to plan for the future and make wise decisions. In this study, a scenario analysis approach was used in conjunction with the Water Evaluation And Planning model, in order to assess the impacts of possible water demands on the water resources of the Olifants catchment in 2025. Foreach scenario, the water resource implications were compared to a 1995 “baseline.” The model enabled analyses of unmet water demands, streamflows and water storage for each scenario. The model results show that for the different scenarios considered in this study the implementation of the Environmental Reserve (an instream requirement to guarantee the health of the riverine ecosystems) will increase the shortages for other sectors. The construction of the main water storage infrastructure proposed by the Department of Water Affairs and Forestry, in conjunction with the application of Water Conservation and Demand Management practices, can reduce the unmet demands and shortfalls to levels lower than, or similar to, those experienced in the 1995 baseline. However, in all cases these interventions will be insufficient to completely meet the demands of all the sectors. A tight control of the growth in future demands is essential, although this may be difficult in a rapidly developing country like South Africa.
Author: M.P. McCartney
Publisher: IWMI
ISBN: 9290905638
Category : Olifants River Watershed (South Africa)
Languages : en
Pages : 58
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Book Description
The Olifants River is one of the major tributaries of the Limpopo River. Approximately 3,400,000 people live in its catchment and a considerable proportion of South Africa’s mining, power production and agricultural activities are concentrated there. The catchment also encompasses important tourist destinations (e.g., the Kruger National Park). Consequently, in terms of the national economy it is one of the country’s most significant waterways. The catchment is one of the first in South Africa for which a Catchment Mangement Agency (CMA) is planned.
Author: Robert William Palmer
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781868459438
Category : Water resources development
Languages : en
Pages : 254
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Book Description
Author: H. Thompson
Publisher: IWMI
ISBN: 9290904410
Category : Irrigation
Languages : en
Pages : 94
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Book Description
The study is reported in two Working Papers. Working Paper 17 reports the findings of the HIM exercise. This paper contains the policies, legislation and organizations relevant for understanding of the HIM for the Olifants river basin. It also includes the historical development of the institutional framework in the basin, as this history has left a profound imprint on the South African society at large and is still dictating, in many cases, the interactions between the different organizations. This background on previous and current institutions and policies at the different government levels is used to shed light on the current relationships between different organizations in the basin. Although focusing on the Olifants, the description provided is applicable to the rest of South Africa in broad terms.
Author: Oskar Wallgren
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 300
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Book Description
Author: Roberto Arranz
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Water management
Languages : en
Pages : 282
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Book Description
Author: Julia Kloos
Publisher: Cuvillier Verlag
ISBN: 3736937709
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 176
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Book Description
In South Africa, water is a relative scarce resource that is distributed unevenly geographically and saisonally as well as socially. The Middle Olifants sub-basin of South Africa was chosen as study area, because it is characterized as a very water scarce region -it is counted as the third most stressed basin in South Africa -with a poor and predominantly rural population. Households in former-homeland areas are still disadvantaged and lack access to su?cient and reliable water services. Current water use in the basin leads to overuse of the resource at the expense of domestic and environmental water needs. For an e?ective water management that is able to address the South African policy objectives of e?ciency in water use, equity in access and bene?ts as well as long-term sustainability, economic valuation of the di?erent water uses is required. In order to assist policy-makers in reaching these goals, this study contributes to the existing knowledge by providing information on the economic value of water in domestic uses. For this purpose, two separate choice experiments were designed to detect preferences and ‘Willingness to pay’ for di?erent water service levels and water sources. Results of a household survey of 475 households provide a clear picture of the di?erent water sources and service levels received by households in the Middle Olifants. Sampled households using basic water sources such as Public taps, Yard connections or Boreholes consume on aver¬age only 18.68 liter per person per day, while households with private taps inside their houses consume 78 liter per person per day. To analyze preferences for water services at the house¬hold level and to detect households’ ‘Willingness to pay’ for improved service levels, choice experiments were carried out in four villages and one town. Data analysis indicates the pres¬ence of preference heterogeneity and, hence, a latent class model was applied, readily dividing households into homogeneous groups according to their preferences. Several distinct classes of households could be found di?ering signi?cantly in terms of socio-economic characteristics, particularly household income, current water consumption and service levels as well as atti¬tudes towards pricing of water and satisfaction with current water service levels. ‘Willingness to pay’-estimates of single water service characteristics of all groups indicate that households are willing to pay higher prices for a better and more reliable water provision. But the amount of money households are willing to spend di?ers among groups. Price sensitivity was found to be strongly linked to income. With increasing income, price sensitivity of households decreases. This information is helpful for policy-makers to enable the design of water services in the Mid¬dle Olifants according to preferences of local households. The increase in ‘Willingness to pay’ with increasing income shows that subsidies either as income subsidies or lower water tari?s may be useful tools to allow low-income households to pay water bills.
Author: South Africa. Olifants River Basin Steering Committee
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Hydrology
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author: McCartney M. , Alemayehu T. , Shiferaw A. , Awulachew S.
Publisher: IWMI
ISBN: 9290907215
Category : Tana, Lake (Ethiopia)
Languages : en
Pages : 44
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Book Description
Lake Tana, located in the headwaters of the Blue Nile, is valuable for many people including the communities who live around the lakeshore and those who live immediately downstream. The area has been identified as a region for hydropower and irrigation development, vital for economic growth in Ethiopia. A multidisciplinary study was conducted to assess the possible impacts of this development. This study found that current development has benefited some local people but adversely affected others. Future development will exacerbate pressure on the lake. Hard choices must be made about how the water is best utilized. It is important that all stakeholders, including local people, are involved in the decision-making process.
