Evaluation of Geothermal Energy for Heating Highway Structures PDF Download
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Author: Herbert N. Swanson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bridges
Languages : en
Pages : 78
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Book Description
Author: Herbert N. Swanson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bridges
Languages : en
Pages : 78
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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The State Highway Department Building at Steamboat Springs has been evaluated in this appraisal for the use of geothermal energy in state-owned buildings. Evaluation of existing resource assessment data for Routt Hot Springs indicates a reservoir temperature of 200°F to 250°F, well depths of 2900 feet, flowrates of 100 gpm per well, and total dissolved solids of 550 mg/l. The data on Steamboat Hot Springs indicates a reservoir temperature of 150°F, well depths uncertain but in the range of 800 to 6000 feet, flowrates of 500 gpm per well, and total dissolved solids of 100 to 6000 mg/l. The State Highway Department Building in Glenwood Springs is a combination office building and maintenance garage. It is presently heated by two suspended natural gas furnaces. Two geothermal options have been evaluated: (1) a heat exchanger coupled to a deep well on the geothermal side and to hot water fan coil heaters on the building side; and (2) water-to-air heat pumps supplied from a shallow warm aquifer. In the first case, space heating can be accomplished using 150°F geothermal water at 30 gpm; in the second case, space heating can be accomplished with 80°F to 100°F warm water at 50 gpm. The geothermal energy economics are evaluated for both the heat exchanger/deep well and the heat pump/shallow well options. The principal institutional issue for a geothermal heating system for the Highway Department Building is the question of whether or not the state owns the geothermal rights on the state property.
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Two state-owned building complexes have been evaluated within the city of Alamosa: Adams State College and the State Highway Department Buildings. The resource assessment in dicates that 150°F may be available at flow rates of 1000 gpm per well, depths of 4000 feet, and possibly under Artesian pressure. Two building retrofit engineering options are evaluated for Adams State College, both of which assume only partial replacement (approximately 50%) of the existing natural-gas-fired steam-boiler system. The two retrofit options for goethermal heating include (1) a high performance central heat pump for boosting the circulating heat water to 200°F for space heating and (2) a central heat exchanger for delivery of heating water at 145°F. The first option provides for continued usage of the existing hot water heating units in the campus buildings, with the exception of retrofit of the steam units in College Center. The second option provides for the addition of terminal hot water heating units in all of the buildings in order to adapt to 145°F heating water. Retrofit engineering for the State Highway Department Buildings provides for the use of a central heat exchanger and the distribution of 140°F heating water to all building areas that are presently heated.
Author: Marc A. Rosen
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119180988
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 307
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Book Description
Comprehensively covers geothermal energy systems that utilize ground energy in conjunction with heat pumps to provide sustainable heating and cooling The book describes geothermal energy systems that utilize ground energy in conjunction with heat pumps and related technologies to provide heating and cooling. Also discussed are methods to model and assess such systems, as well as means to determine potential environmental impacts of geothermal energy systems and their thermal interaction. The book presents the most up-to-date information in the area. It provides material on a range of topics, from thermodynamic concepts to more advanced discussions of the renewability and sustainability of geothermal energy systems. Numerous applications of such systems are also provided. Geothermal Energy: Sustainable Heating and Cooling Using the Ground takes a research orientated approach to provide coverage of the state of the art and emerging trends, and includes numerous illustrative examples and case studies. Theory and analysis are emphasized throughout, with detailed descriptions of models available for vertical and horizontal geothermal heat exchangers. Key features: Explains geothermal energy systems that utilize ground energy in conjunction with heat pumps to provide heating and cooling, as well as related technologies such as thermal energy storage. Describes and discusses methods to model and analyze geothermal energy systems, and to determine their potential environmental impacts and thermal interactions. Covers various applications of geothermal energy systems. Takes a research orientated approach to provide coverage of the state of the art and emerging trends. Includes numerous illustrative examples and case studies. The book is key for researchers and practitioners working in geothermal energy, as well as graduate and advanced undergraduate students in departments of mechanical, civil, chemical, energy, environmental, process and industrial engineering.
Author: Rajandrea Sethi
Publisher: MDPI
ISBN: 3039362844
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 144
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Book Description
Low enthalpy geothermal energy has a great potential to reduce the climate impact of building heating and cooling systems. The use of this renewable energy source involves a number of scientific disciplines including energy engineering, heat transfer, geology, hydrogeology, chemistry, and economics. Low enthalpy geothermal energy, i.e., the underground heat available at temperatures below 90°C, has great potential in terms of reducing the climate impact of heating and cooling buildings. It can also be employed for other thermal uses, such as industrial processes, road de-icing, and bathing. The Special Issue “Volume II: Low Enthalpy Geothermal Energy” includes seven articles that discuss the topic from the following points of view: mapping of shallow geothermal potential, recent developments for enhancing the performance of borehole heat exchangers, exploitation of asphalt-covered surfaces for heating, measurement of the thermal conductivity of rocks and sediments, and performance monitoring of closed-loop and open-loop low enthalpy geothermal systems.
Author:
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ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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The State Highway Department Buildings in Glenwood Springs have been evaluated in this appraisal for the use of geothermal energy in state-owned buildings. Glenwood Springs is the location of surface hot springs and has been assessed by various parties for several geothermal applications. The Glenwood Highway Department Buildings consist of an office building and a maintenance garage. These two building140 gpm. currently use an array of natural gas forced air furnaces and electric heaters for space/heating purpose; a propane unit is used for one water heater. Retrofit engineering for geothermal heating is based upon a central plate-in-frame heat exchanger coupled to several fan coil heaters and unit heaters. Design heating can be accomplished with 150°F geothermal water at 140 gpm. The geothermal energy economics are evaluated for a single deep well, with and without a proration of the total production well cost for the required 140 gpm out of the 1000 gpm production capacity. Only the prorated well cost option provides an economically feasible geothermal system. The feasibility, therefore, depends on the use of the excess geothermal water by private or municipal facilities. The principal institutional/environmental issue for a geothermal heating sytem for the Highway Department Buildings is the question of whether or not the states owns the geothermal rights on the state property.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Four state-owned building complexes ahve been evaluated within the city of Durango: The State Fish Hatchery, Fort Lewis College, new State Highway Department Building near the Bodo Industrial Park, and the National Guard Building. Three of the state facilities in Durango are evaluated for geothermal systems on thea ssumption of taking geothermal water from a trunk-line originating at the area northof Durango: State Fish Hatchery, Fort Lewis College and new State Highway Department Building. The National Guard Building is evaluated on the basis of a water-to-air heat pump, with warm water derived from a hypothetical shallow aquifer immediately below the building site. Two geothermal options were separately evaluated for Fort Lewis College: a central heat exchanger system for delivery of 145°F heating water to the campus buildings and a central heat pump system for boosting the heating water to 200°F prior to delivery to the buildings; both systems require the installation of a distribution piping network for the entire campus area. Retrofit engineering for the State Fish Hatchery provides for the installation of a small scale central distribution piping system to the several buildings, a central heat excanger coupled to the geothermal trunk line, and the use of various fan coil and unit heaters for space heating. An option is provided for discharge-mixing the geothermal water into the fish ponds and runs in order to raise the hatchery water temperature a couple degrees for increasing fish production and yield. The heating system for the new State Highway Department Building is redesigned to replace the natural-gas-fired forced-air furnaces with a heat exchanger, hot water fan coils and unit heaters.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Geothermal resources
Languages : en
Pages : 162
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Book Description
Author: Denis E. Donnelly
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bridges
Languages : en
Pages : 56
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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The State Highway Department Building in Burlington has been evaluated in this geothermal energy appraisal. While there is no known geothermal resource at Burlington, a shallow water aquifer - Ogallala Aquifer - does exist beneath Burlington at depths of 200 to 300 feet. One particular water well is reported to be producing water at 59°F to 63°F at 800 to 1000 gpm. Therefore, the Ogallala is being considered as a source of warm water for the use of water-to-air heat pumps for space heating of the Highway Department Building. The geothermal energy economics are evaluated for two options: (1) a new water well drilled on the site of the Highway Department Building and (2) the purchase of warm water from an existing City of Burlington water well. The latter option is evaluated only for the 12 percent/9 percent (through 1984/through 2000) natural gas price escalation case, whereas the former option is evaluated for both the 15 percent and the 12 percent/9 percent schedules. The results of the economic evaluations generally indicate that heat pumps would not be economically competitive, particularly if the state purchased city water at the current water rates. Fuel price escalation rates greater than 15 percent per year can shift the heat pump shallow well option to a marginal position. The principal institutional/environmental issue to be addressed for the Burlington facility is an existing ordinance which only allows the city to drill water wells within the city.
