Evaluating the Effects of Wearable Technologies to Improve Physical Activity Levels for College Students with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities PDF Download
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Author: Kelly Nicole Kraiss
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Developmental disabilities
Languages : en
Pages : 179
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Book Description
Regular physical activity can decrease the likelihood of being overweight or obese as well as other negative health outcomes. Adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (I/DD) are more likely to be obese, less likely to be physically active, and at greater risk for health conditions and disease. Thus, there is a need for interventions that aim to increase the physical activity levels of adults with I/DD. However, interventions and related research in this field are limited. The purpose of this dissertation was to examine two independent single-subject design interventions that incorporated the use of wearable technology, a Fitbit, in order to improve physical activity levels of young adults with I/DD. Chapter 1 provided an overview of the theoretical foundations behind motivation, in particular, self-determination theory, as well as how it is related to fitness and physical activity. Common barriers that people with I/DD face when participating in physical activity are explored, as well as, self-management as a strategy for increasing physical activity. Chapter 2 evaluated the effects of a goal-setting intervention on the physical activity levels of college students with I/DD. It was implemented as a part of a singlesubject changing criterion design, where students set step count goals for each phase based on previous averages. Results indicated that participants consistently increased the number of steps taken across consecutive phases and were able to achieve greater consistency in step counts over time. Chapter 3 examined the effects of a social reinforcement intervention via a single-subject withdrawal/reversal design on the activity levels of college students with I/DD as measured by daily steps. This intervention incorporated social reinforcement by peer mentors within the Fitbit app. The intervention was effective, as all participants increased average step counts during intervention weeks. Chapter 4 discussed results of both studies as they pertain to the current literature on wearable technology to improve activity levels, self-management and goal setting in relation to health, fitness, and physical activity, and social reinforcement in physical activity for people with I/DD. Conclusions are discussed within the framework of self-determination theory. Limitations, implications, and recommendations for future research are also presented.
Author: Kelly Nicole Kraiss
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Developmental disabilities
Languages : en
Pages : 179
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Book Description
Regular physical activity can decrease the likelihood of being overweight or obese as well as other negative health outcomes. Adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (I/DD) are more likely to be obese, less likely to be physically active, and at greater risk for health conditions and disease. Thus, there is a need for interventions that aim to increase the physical activity levels of adults with I/DD. However, interventions and related research in this field are limited. The purpose of this dissertation was to examine two independent single-subject design interventions that incorporated the use of wearable technology, a Fitbit, in order to improve physical activity levels of young adults with I/DD. Chapter 1 provided an overview of the theoretical foundations behind motivation, in particular, self-determination theory, as well as how it is related to fitness and physical activity. Common barriers that people with I/DD face when participating in physical activity are explored, as well as, self-management as a strategy for increasing physical activity. Chapter 2 evaluated the effects of a goal-setting intervention on the physical activity levels of college students with I/DD. It was implemented as a part of a singlesubject changing criterion design, where students set step count goals for each phase based on previous averages. Results indicated that participants consistently increased the number of steps taken across consecutive phases and were able to achieve greater consistency in step counts over time. Chapter 3 examined the effects of a social reinforcement intervention via a single-subject withdrawal/reversal design on the activity levels of college students with I/DD as measured by daily steps. This intervention incorporated social reinforcement by peer mentors within the Fitbit app. The intervention was effective, as all participants increased average step counts during intervention weeks. Chapter 4 discussed results of both studies as they pertain to the current literature on wearable technology to improve activity levels, self-management and goal setting in relation to health, fitness, and physical activity, and social reinforcement in physical activity for people with I/DD. Conclusions are discussed within the framework of self-determination theory. Limitations, implications, and recommendations for future research are also presented.
Author: Carrie Lynn O'Reilly
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : College students with disabilities
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Engagement in physical activity can provide holistic social and health benefits for individuals with and without disabilities at all age levels. Individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities report having limited social networks outside of immediate caregivers and family members as well as less involvement in community recreational activities. Also, this population has been identified as having increased health issues such as obesity, heart disease, and diabetes due to a more sedentary lifestyle. The purpose of this dissertation was to evaluate the use of group oriented interventions for college age students with intellectual and developmental disabilities (I/DD) to increase physical activity. Chapter I of this dissertation includes a discussion on of the benefits and barriers of engagement in physical activity for individuals with disabilities as well as effective practices to increase their social inclusion within society. Chapter II and III are comprised of two different single subject research designs implemented in a post-secondary education program (PSE) for college age students with I/DD to increase their level of physical activity. The first study applied a randomized interdependent group contingency and the second study analyzed the use of peer reinforcement through social media (Facebook) to increase physical activity. A discussion of the results from each study and the relevance of these results to the current literature is included in chapter IV of this dissertation.The results from these two studies were mixed between group performance and the individual outcome of each participant. A social validity questionnaire was included in both studies, which contributed supplemental findings to these two studies. Information included in this dissertation can be applied to further research that explores current barriers and inclusive practices for individuals of all ages with disabilities to pursue a healthier lifestyle.
Author: Rachel Elizabeth Wright
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Autistic youth
Languages : en
Pages : 149
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Book Description
The purpose of these two single subject design studies was to evaluate the use of the wearable and context-aware technologies for college students with intellectual disability and autism as tools to increase independence and vocational skills. There is a compelling need for the development of tools and strategies that will facilitate independence, self-sufficiency, and address poor outcomes in adulthood for students with disabilities. Technology is considered to be a great equalizer for people with disabilities. The proliferation of new technologies allows access to real-time, contextually-based information as a means to compensate for limitations in cognitive functioning and decrease the complexity of prerequisite skills for successful use of previous technologies. Six students participated in two single-subject design studies; three students participate in Study I and three different students participated in Study II. The results of these studies are discussed in the context applying new technology applications to assist and improve individuals with intellectual disability and autism to self-manage technological supports to learn new skills, set reminders, and enhance independence. During Study I, students were successfully taught to use a wearable smartglasses device, which delivered digital auditory and visual information to complete three novel vocational tasks. The results indicated that all students learned all vocational task using the wearable device. Students also continued to use the device beyond the initial training phase to self-direct their learning and self-manage prompts for task completion as needed. During Study II, students were successfully taught to use a wearable smartwatch device to enter novel appointments for the coming week, as well as complete the tasks associated with each appointment. The results indicated that all students were able to self-operate the wearable device to enter appointments, attend all appointments on-time and complete all associated tasks.
Author: Christopher Michael Nieves
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aerobic exercises
Languages : en
Pages : 43
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Book Description
Obesity in America has grown widespread over the past decade and is a significant social issue that affects many families. Identifying interventions that are not only effective in the natural environment but are easy to implement are ideal for helping individuals engage in more fitness related activities. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the NikeTM FuelBand for increasing physical activity in 3 adults. Additionally, a goal setting procedure was used to test if it enhanced the effects of the NikeTM FuelBand. Three measures were collected as part of the study, NikeTM Fuel, daily steps, and caloric expenditure. The NikeTM FuelBand was found to be effective at increasing all participants NikeTM Fuel score, daily steps, and caloric expenditure daily average from baseline to intervention phase. The goal setting procedure was found to be effective at increasing NikeTM Fuel point score, daily steps, and caloric expenditure daily average scores for two of three participants.
Author: Billy Sperlich
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889634620
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 311
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Book Description
Several internal and external factors have been identified to estimate and control the psycho-biological stress of training in order to optimize training responses and to avoid fatigue, overtraining and other undesirable health effects of an athlete. An increasing number of lightweight sensor-based wearable technologies (“wearables”) have entered the sports technology market. Non-invasive sensor-based wearable technologies could transmit physical, physiological and biological data to computing platform and may provide through human-machine interaction (smart watch, smartphone, tablet) bio-feedback of various parameters for training load management and health. However, in theory, several wearable technologies may assist to control training load but the assessment of accuracy, reliability, validity, usability and practical relevance of new upcoming technologies for the management of training load is paramount for optimal adaptation and health.
Author: Dan J Graham
Publisher: Frontiers E-books
ISBN: 2889192989
Category : Exercise
Languages : en
Pages : 141
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Book Description
Increasingly, efforts to promote and measure physical activity are achieving greater precision, greater ease of use, and/or greater scope by incorporating emerging technologies. This is significant for physical activity promotion because more precise measurement will allow investigators to better understand where, when, and how physical activity is and is not occurring, thus enabling more effective targeting of particular behavior settings. Emerging technologies associated with the measurement and evaluation of physical activity are noteworthy because: (1) Their ease of use and transferability can greatly increase external validity of measures and findings; (2) Technologies can significantly increase the ability to analyze patterns; (3) They can improve the ongoing, systematic collection and analysis of public health surveillance due to real-time capabilities associated with many emerging technologies; (4) There is a need for research and papers about the cyberinfrastructure required to cope with big data (multiple streams, processing, aggregation, visualization, etc.); and (5) Increasingly blurred boundaries between measurement and intervention activity (e.g., the quantified-self /self-tracking movement) may necessitate a reevaluation of the conventional scientific model for designing and evaluating these sorts of studies. There have been many recent, disparate advances related to this topic. Advances such as crowdsourcing allow for input from large, diverse audiences that can help to identify and improve infrastructure for activity (e.g., large group identification of environmental features that are conducive or inhibiting to physical activity on a national and even global scale). Technologies such as Global Positioning Systems (GPS) and accelerometry are now available in many mobile phones and can be used for identifying and promoting activity and also understanding naturalistically-occurring activity. SenseCam and other personal, visual devices and mobile apps provide person point of view context to physical activity lifestyle and timing. Further, multiple sensor systems are enabling better identification of types of activities (like stair climbing and jumping) that could not previously be identified readily using objective measures like pedometers or accelerometers in isolation. The ability of activity sensors to send data to remote servers allows for the incorporation of online technology (e.g., employing an online social-network as a source of inspiration or accountability to achieve physical activity goals), and websites such as Stickk.com enable individuals to make public contracts visible to other users and also incorporates financial incentives and disincentives in order to promote behaviors including physical activity. In addition, the increasing use of active-gaming (e.g., Wii, XBox Kinect) in homes, schools, and other venues further underscores the growing link between technology and physical activity. Improvements in mathematical models and computer algorithms also allow greater capacity for classifying and evaluating physical activity, improving consistency across research studies. Emerging technologies in the promotion and evaluation of physical activity is a significant area of interest because of its ability to greatly increase the amount and quality of global recorded measurements of PA patterns and its potential to more effectively promote PA. Emerging technologies related to physical activity build on our own and others’ interdisciplinary collaborations in employing technology to address public health challenges. This research area is innovative in that is uses emerging resources including social media, crowdsourcing, and online gaming to better understand patterns of physical activity.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309492688
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 197
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Book Description
Physical activity has far-reaching benefits for physical, mental, emotional, and social health and well-being for all segments of the population. Despite these documented health benefits and previous efforts to promote physical activity in the U.S. population, most Americans do not meet current public health guidelines for physical activity. Surveillance in public health is the ongoing systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of outcome-specific data, which can then be used for planning, implementation and evaluation of public health practice. Surveillance of physical activity is a core public health function that is necessary for monitoring population engagement in physical activity, including participation in physical activity initiatives. Surveillance activities are guided by standard protocols and are used to establish baseline data and to track implementation and evaluation of interventions, programs, and policies that aim to increase physical activity. However, physical activity is challenging to assess because it is a complex and multidimensional behavior that varies by type, intensity, setting, motives, and environmental and social influences. The lack of surveillance systems to assess both physical activity behaviors (including walking) and physical activity environments (such as the walkability of communities) is a critical gap. Implementing Strategies to Enhance Public Health Surveillance of Physical Activity in the United States develops strategies that support the implementation of recommended actions to improve national physical activity surveillance. This report also examines and builds upon existing recommended actions.
Author: Zan Gao
Publisher: MDPI
ISBN: 303897708X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 176
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Book Description
As technology becomes an ever-more prevalent part of everyday life, and population-based physical activity programs seek new ways to increase life-long engagement with physical activity, these two ideas have become increasingly linked. This Special Issue attempts to offer a thorough and critical examination of emerging technologies in physical activity and health promotion, considering technological interventions in different contexts (communities, clinics, schools, homes, etc.) among various populations, exploring the challenges of integrating technology into physical activity promotion, and offering solutions for its implementation. This Special Issue aims to take a broadly positive stance toward interactive technology initiatives and, while discussing some negative implications of an increased use of technology, offers practical recommendations for promoting physical activity through various emerging technologies, including, but not limited to: Active video games (exergaming); social media; mobile device apps; health wearables; mobile games, augmented reality games, global positioning and geographic information systems; and virtual reality. Offering a logical and clear critique of emerging technologies in physical activity and health promotion, this Special Issue will provide useful suggestions and practical implications for researchers, practitioners, and educators in the fields of public health, kinesiology, physical activity and health, and healthcare.
Author: Opeyemi Ayanwale
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Author: Stephanie Sparkman Barbee
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Educational technology
Languages : en
Pages : 69
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Book Description
Wearable technology has made a positive impact in the consumer industry with its focus on adult fitness. Devices and applications are pervasive, inexpensive and are in high demand. Our nation struggles with obesity and health concerns related to poor fitness. However, the research on such technology has been more focused on adults. Therefore, the need to investigate wearable technology for fitness improvement with children is essential. Children lead increasingly sedentary lifestyles through TV watching, technology-use and a reduction in physical activities. Further, our society is exposed to quick food loaded with calories. These factors contribute to the growing epidemic of childhood obesity. The need to educate students early, on their ability to monitor their fitness, is the focus of this research. This dissertation investigated the impact of an integrated technology-enhanced physical education model with 127 fifth grade students over an 11-week period. A detailed analysis, looking at theoretical perspectives across multiple data collections was conducted. This study answered the questions, 1. To what extent can students improve their performance with technology-enhanced physical education? 2. To what extent can students learn to self-monitor their performance levels? How do affective components impact teaching and learning with a technology-enhanced physical education model? Results showed that technology-enhanced physical education does improve performance measures, does improve students' ability to self-regulate and positively impacts student and teachers' affective states. However long term results were inconclusive, stimulating multiple, potential opportunities for continued research.
