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Author: Shelly Johnson (Ph. D.)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Hospital and community
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
The Internal Revenue Service's (IRS) hospital community benefit standard aims to improve the community's health, it is a test the IRS uses to determine whether a hospital is organized and operated for the charitable purpose of promoting health. Participation in this program is required of all not-for-profit hospitals in the US, who spend billions of dollars annually in community benefit in place of taxes. Hospitals must annually submit IRS form 990 Schedule H and are required to report costs associated with their provision of community benefit spending. In addition, a hospital must conduct community health needs assessment (CHNA) and implementation plan (IP) every three years; list their health improvement activities and spending under the community health improvement category on the Schedule H IRS form. With annual spending of billions of dollars and minimal research, this is an opportunity to research whether these dollars are doing what the original law intended - to impact the community's health. To determine impact, County Health Rankings & Roadmaps (CHR&R) measures nearly every county's health in all 50 states and produces annual health outcomes and health factors scores. This dissertation aims to analyze the relationship between hospital community benefit spending and CHR&R scores, whether there is any difference between hospitals in Medicaid expansion states and non-expansion states in community benefit spending and explore a single hospital in a health award-winning community CHNA and IP. The study sample is rural, general acute care, not-for-profit hospitals in the US from a matched peer county group using the CHR&R county peer group 59. This study identified a weak, negative relationship between hospital community benefit spending and the CHR&R Outcomes scores (r=-.29, N=240) and a weak, positive relationship between hospital community health improvement spending and CHR&R Outcomes scores (r=.15, N=240). There is a weak, positive relationship between hospital community health improvement spending and CHR&R Factor scores (r=.29, N=240). Six counties at the individual county level had statistically significant findings between community benefit spending and CHR&R scores. This study identified a weak, negative relationship between hospital community benefit spending and the CHR&R Outcomes scores (r=-.29, N=240) and a weak, positive relationship between hospital community health improvement spending and CHR&R Outcomes scores (r=.15, N=240). There is a weak, positive relationship between hospital community health improvement spending and CHR&R Factor scores (r=.29, N=240). Six counties at the individual county level had statistically significant findings between community benefit spending and CHR&R scores. And lastly, in the Robert Wood Johnson Culture of Health award-winning community of Salinas, California, the sample hospital Salinas Valley Memorial Health System's CHNA and IP did meet the minimum IRS requirements. Still, they fell short of the best practices for community change found in the literature. The IP listed sources and was evidence-based; however, it was programmatic, not creating change at the system, policy, or environment level.
Author: Shelly Johnson (Ph. D.)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Hospital and community
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
The Internal Revenue Service's (IRS) hospital community benefit standard aims to improve the community's health, it is a test the IRS uses to determine whether a hospital is organized and operated for the charitable purpose of promoting health. Participation in this program is required of all not-for-profit hospitals in the US, who spend billions of dollars annually in community benefit in place of taxes. Hospitals must annually submit IRS form 990 Schedule H and are required to report costs associated with their provision of community benefit spending. In addition, a hospital must conduct community health needs assessment (CHNA) and implementation plan (IP) every three years; list their health improvement activities and spending under the community health improvement category on the Schedule H IRS form. With annual spending of billions of dollars and minimal research, this is an opportunity to research whether these dollars are doing what the original law intended - to impact the community's health. To determine impact, County Health Rankings & Roadmaps (CHR&R) measures nearly every county's health in all 50 states and produces annual health outcomes and health factors scores. This dissertation aims to analyze the relationship between hospital community benefit spending and CHR&R scores, whether there is any difference between hospitals in Medicaid expansion states and non-expansion states in community benefit spending and explore a single hospital in a health award-winning community CHNA and IP. The study sample is rural, general acute care, not-for-profit hospitals in the US from a matched peer county group using the CHR&R county peer group 59. This study identified a weak, negative relationship between hospital community benefit spending and the CHR&R Outcomes scores (r=-.29, N=240) and a weak, positive relationship between hospital community health improvement spending and CHR&R Outcomes scores (r=.15, N=240). There is a weak, positive relationship between hospital community health improvement spending and CHR&R Factor scores (r=.29, N=240). Six counties at the individual county level had statistically significant findings between community benefit spending and CHR&R scores. This study identified a weak, negative relationship between hospital community benefit spending and the CHR&R Outcomes scores (r=-.29, N=240) and a weak, positive relationship between hospital community health improvement spending and CHR&R Outcomes scores (r=.15, N=240). There is a weak, positive relationship between hospital community health improvement spending and CHR&R Factor scores (r=.29, N=240). Six counties at the individual county level had statistically significant findings between community benefit spending and CHR&R scores. And lastly, in the Robert Wood Johnson Culture of Health award-winning community of Salinas, California, the sample hospital Salinas Valley Memorial Health System's CHNA and IP did meet the minimum IRS requirements. Still, they fell short of the best practices for community change found in the literature. The IP listed sources and was evidence-based; however, it was programmatic, not creating change at the system, policy, or environment level.
Author: Connie J. Evashwick
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889660419
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 88
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Book Description
This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309055342
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 497
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Book Description
How do communities protect and improve the health of their populations? Health care is part of the answer but so are environmental protections, social and educational services, adequate nutrition, and a host of other activities. With concern over funding constraints, making sure such activities are efficient and effective is becoming a high priority. Improving Health in the Community explains how population-based performance monitoring programs can help communities point their efforts in the right direction. Within a broad definition of community health, the committee addresses factors surrounding the implementation of performance monitoring and explores the "why" and "how to" of establishing mechanisms to monitor the performance of those who can influence community health. The book offers a policy framework, applies a multidimensional model of the determinants of health, and provides sets of prototype performance indicators for specific health issues. Improving Health in the Community presents an attainable vision of a process that can achieve community-wide health benefits.
Author: Alexa Ortiz
Publisher: RTI Press
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 14
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Book Description
Community Benefit Insight (CBI) is a publicly available, web-based resource that aggregates US-based nonprofit hospital community benefit spending data reported to the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) from 2010 through 2019. CBI aims to display these data within a clear, approachable interface, making information easy for a user to find and interpret. By making these data available and accessible, CBI can help inform conversations and partnerships between nonprofit hospitals and community stakeholders. This paper provides an overview of the development of the infrastructure that supports CBI’s capabilities; how IRS-released community benefit spending data are prepared and maintained for CBI’s use; and how the tool is currently used, promoted, and evaluated to better meet user needs.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309452961
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 583
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Book Description
In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780871251619
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 321
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Book Description
The goal of this updated publication, A Guide for Planning and Reporting Community Benefit,is to help not-for-profit, mission-driven health care organizations develop, improve and accurately report on their community benefit programs. More specifically, it will help organizations:* Identify community health needs and plan to address those needs.* Make prudent choices for using scarce resources and evaluate the impact of those resources.* Understand the characteristics of programs and activities that are and are not reportable as community benefit.* Budget proactively for community benefit programs and activities.* Use standardized accounting and reporting approaches.* Build and strengthen relationships in the community for community health improvement.* Demonstrate accountability and transparency to their communities.
Author: Mark Patrick Martz
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Community health services
Languages : en
Pages : 207
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Book Description
In the United States, under the provisions set forth by a policy known as community benefit, nonprofit hospitals receive special tax exemptions from government in exchange for providing a wide range of health care services to the communities in which they are located. In recent years, nonprofit hospitals have claimed billions of dollars as community benefit justifying their tax-exempt status. However, growing criticism by numerous stakeholders has questioned the extent to which the level of community benefit claimed by nonprofit hospitals reflects the exemptions they receive. In addition, a dearth of research exists to understand the relationship between community benefit claims and the impact they have on improving the health of communities. In an effort to better understand the relationship between community benefit claims, tax status, and community health outcomes this study examines the community benefit policies of a nonprofit healthcare system representing hospitals in California, Nevada, and Arizona. It does so by reviewing materials produced by the system, her hospitals, vested stakeholders, and government that have shaped the development, implementation, and assessment of community benefit policy processes. Findings of the study suggest that the majority of nonprofit hospital community benefit claims are consumed by shortfalls reported between costs associated with providing care to Medicare and Medicaid patients and the compensation nonprofit hospitals receive from government. Results of the study also demonstrate that community benefit policies do positively impact the health of communities. However, future community benefit policies need to be refined to include measures that capture the magnitude of community health improvement if the relationship between policy and health outcomes is to be fully realized.
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309166616
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 429
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Book Description
The United States is rapidly transforming into one of the most racially and ethnically diverse nations in the world. Groups commonly referred to as minorities-including Asian Americans, Pacific Islanders, African Americans, Hispanics, American Indians, and Alaska Natives-are the fastest growing segments of the population and emerging as the nation's majority. Despite the rapid growth of racial and ethnic minority groups, their representation among the nation's health professionals has grown only modestly in the past 25 years. This alarming disparity has prompted the recent creation of initiatives to increase diversity in health professions. In the Nation's Compelling Interest considers the benefits of greater racial and ethnic diversity, and identifies institutional and policy-level mechanisms to garner broad support among health professions leaders, community members, and other key stakeholders to implement these strategies. Assessing the potential benefits of greater racial and ethnic diversity among health professionals will improve the access to and quality of healthcare for all Americans.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780871251640
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 85
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Book Description
This book was developed to help community benefit leaders in health care organizations evaluate and report the impact of their community benefit efforts with a focus on evaluating community health improvement programs. While the content is primarily geared to staff members who work in the area of community benefit, it can also be used by others who need to understand how to assess evaluation findings and use those findings in their work.
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309324963
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 245
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Book Description
Thousands of measures are in use today to assess health and health care in the United States. Although many of these measures provide useful information, their usefulness in either gauging or guiding performance improvement in health and health care is seriously limited by their sheer number, as well as their lack of consistency, compatibility, reliability, focus, and organization. To achieve better health at lower cost, all stakeholders - including health professionals, payers, policy makers, and members of the public - must be alert to what matters most. What are the core measures that will yield the clearest understanding and focus on better health and well-being for Americans? Vital Signs explores the most important issues - healthier people, better quality care, affordable care, and engaged individuals and communities - and specifies a streamlined set of 15 core measures. These measures, if standardized and applied at national, state, local, and institutional levels across the country, will transform the effectiveness, efficiency, and burden of health measurement and help accelerate focus and progress on our highest health priorities. Vital Signs also describes the leadership and activities necessary to refine, apply, maintain, and revise the measures over time, as well as how they can improve the focus and utility of measures outside the core set. If health care is to become more effective and more efficient, sharper attention is required on the elements most important to health and health care. Vital Signs lays the groundwork for the adoption of core measures that, if systematically applied, will yield better health at a lower cost for all Americans.
