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Author: Allen Buchanan
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0195394062
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 270
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Book Description
This volume brings together ten essays that have been published over a period of more than two decades in a wide range of venues and arranges them in such a way as to demonstrate the systematic progression of the author's thinking. This volume bridges the disciplinary chasm between Bioethics and Political Philosophy.
Author: Allen Buchanan
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0195394062
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 270
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Book Description
This volume brings together ten essays that have been published over a period of more than two decades in a wide range of venues and arranges them in such a way as to demonstrate the systematic progression of the author's thinking. This volume bridges the disciplinary chasm between Bioethics and Political Philosophy.
Author: Fitzhugh Mullan
Publisher: JHU Press
ISBN: 9780801884788
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 330
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Book Description
This compelling collection provides important insight into the human dimensions of health care and health policy.--Scott A. Strassels "American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy"
Author: Hubert Piotr Janicki
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Employer-sponsored health insurance
Languages : en
Pages : 88
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Book Description
This work is driven by two facts. First, the majority of households in the U.S. obtain health insurance through their employer. Second, around 20% of working age households choose not to purchase health insurance. The link between employment and health insurance has potentially large implications for household selection into employment and participation in public health insurance programs. In these two essays, I address the role of public and private provisions of health insurance on household employment and insurance decisions, the distribution of welfare, and the aggregate economy. In the first essay, I quantify the effects of key parts of the 2010 health care reform legislation. I construct a lifecycle incomplete markets model with an endogenous choice of health insurance coverage and calibrate it to U.S. data. I find that the reform decreases the fraction of uninsured households by 94% and increases ex-ante household welfare by 2.3% in consumption equivalence. The main driving force behind the reduction in the uninsured population is the health insurance mandate, although I find no significant welfare loss associated with the elimination of the mandatory health insurance provision. In the second essay, I provide a quantitative analysis of the role of medical expenditure risk in the employment and insurance decisions of households approaching retirement. I construct a dynamic general equilibrium model of the household that allows for self-selection into employment and health insurance coverage. I find that the welfare cost of medical expenditure risk is large at 5% of lifetime consumption equivalence for the non-institutionalized population. In addition, the provision of health insurance through the employer accounts for 20% of hours worked for households ages 60-64. Finally, I provide an quantitative analysis of changes in Medicare minimum eligibility age in a series of policy experiments.
Author: Allen Buchanan
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0190453141
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 272
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Book Description
In this volume Allen Buchanan collects ten of his most influential essays on justice and healthcare and connects the concerns of bioethicists with those of political philosophers, focusing not just on the question of which principles of justice in healthcare ought to be implemented, but also on the question of the legitimacy of institutions through which they are implemented. With an emphasis on the institutional implementation of justice in healthcare, Buchanan pays special attention to the relationship between moral commitments and incentives. The volume begins with an exploration of the difficulties of specifying the content of the right to healthcare and of identifying those agents and institutions that are obligated to help ensure that the right thus specified is realized, and then progresses to an examination of the problems that arise in attempts to implement the right through appropriate institutions. In the last two essays Buchanan pursues the central issues of justice in healthcare at the global level, exploring the idea of healthcare as a human right and the problem of assigning responsibilities for ameliorating global health disparities. Taken together, the essays provide a unique and consistent position on a wide range of issues, including conflicts of interest in clinical practice and the claims of medical professionalism, the nature and justification for the right to health care, the relationship between responsibility for healthcare and the nature of the healthcare system, and the problem of global health disparities. The result is an approach to justice in healthcare that will facilitate more productive interaction between the normative analysis of philosophers and the policy work of economists, lawyers, and political scientists.
Author: Daniela Zapata Sapiencia
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Child health services
Languages : en
Pages : 140
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Book Description
"Empirical work shows that health insurance coverage improves children's health and that healthier children have better educational and labor market outcomes. This suggests that the benefits of higher insurance rates among children go beyond improvements in health. However, there are no investigations in the United States that track the long-term socioeconomic benefits of health insurance coverage during childhood. Using data from the Children of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth to estimate family fixed effects models, I find evidence that health insurance coverage at ages 0-4 has a positive effect on test scores in mathematics, reading recognition, reading comprehension, and vocabulary at ages 5-14. The second essay in this dissertation, co-authored with Charles Courtemanche, investigates the effect of the Massachusetts health care reform on self-reported health. The main objective of this reform was to achieve universal health insurance coverage through a combination of insurance market reforms, mandates, and subsidies. This reform was later used as a model for the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA). Using individual-level data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System and a difference in differences estimation strategy, this essay provides evidence that this reform led to better overall self-assessed health. Several determinants of overall health, including physical health, mental health, functional limitations, joint disorders, body mass index, and moderate physical activity also improved. Public food assistance programs share the fundamental goal of helping needy and vulnerable people in the U.S. obtain access to nutritious foods that they might not otherwise be able to afford. These programs also have other objectives, such as improving recipients' health, furthering children's development and school performance. To investigate these broader impacts, the third chapter of this dissertation, co-authored with David Ribar, examines the relationship between participation in food assistance programs, family routines and time use. Results from fixed effects models estimated using longitudinal data from the Three-City Study indicate that SNAP participation is negatively associated with homework routines. WIC participation on the other hand, is positively associated with family routines in general and with dinner routines, homework routines, and family-time routines in particular."--Abstract from author supplied metadata.
Author: Theodore R. Marmor
Publisher: Yale University Press
ISBN: 0300110871
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 592
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Book Description
Two towering figures in the field of health care policy analysis, Theodore R. Marmor and Rudolf Klein, reflect on a lifetime of thought in this wide-ranging collection of essays published in the wake of President Obama’s health care reform. Presented as a kind of dialogue between the two, the book offers their recent writings on the future of Medicare; universal health insurance; conflicts of interest among physicians, regulators, and patients; and many other topics.
Author: Laura Rose Wherry
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781267438805
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 138
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Book Description
This dissertation is comprised of two essays examining expansions in eligibility for public health insurance in the U.S. In the first essay, I focus on expanded eligibility for family planning services under Medicaid and the impact on fertility and the utilization of women's preventive care. In the second essay, which is joint work with Bruce D. Meyer, we examine the immediate and longer-term mortality effects of Medicaid eligibility expansions for children. Both of these papers use variation in public health insurance eligibility created by changes in federal or state eligibility rules to identify a causal relationship between public coverage and health-related outcomes.
Author: Rosemary A. Stevens
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1351475800
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 368
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Book Description
The distinctive mixing and continuous remixing of public and private roles is a defining feature of health care in the United States. The Public-Private Health Care State explores the interweaving of public and private enterprise in health care in the United States as a basis for thinking about health care in terms of its history and its continuing evolution today. Historian and policy analyst Rosemary Stevens has selected and edited seventeen essays from both her published and unpublished work to illustrate continuing themes, such as: the flexible meanings of the terms public and private, and how useful their ambiguity has been and is; the role of ideology as ratifying rather than preordaining change; and the common behavior of public leaders and corporate entities in the face of fiscal opportunity. The topics--covering the period of 1870 through the twenty-first century--represent Stevens' research interests in hospital history and policy, the medical profession, government policy, and paying for health care. The volume also considers her involvement with policy questions, which include health services research, health maintenance organizations, and physician workforce policy. Section I demonstrates the long history of state government involvement with private not-for-profit hospitals from the 1870s through the 1930s. Section II examines the federal role in health care from the 1920s through the 1970s, including the establishment of veterans' hospitals and the implementation of Medicaid. Section III shows how shifting governmental roles require constantly changing organizing rhetoric, whether for inventing a federal role for health services research and HMOs, regionalization in the 1970s, or defining civil rights and equity as mobilizing vehicles in the 1980s. Section IV examines growing concerns from the 1970s through the present about the traditional public role of the largely private medical profession. Section V returns to the ambiguous public-priv
Author: Marika Ilona Cabral
Publisher: Stanford University
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 290
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Book Description
This dissertation consists of four distinct essays. In an essay entitled "Claim Timing and Ex Post Adverse Selection: Evidence from Dental 'Insurance, ' " I explore the impact of strategic timing on insurance market allocations. If people can delay a claim just long enough to buy more insurance coverage in anticipation of it, severe adverse selection may result, and in extreme cases, this can lead to the complete unraveling of an insurance market. I study these forces by analyzing dental treatments and insurance, with the goal of understanding insurance in the market for dental care and also revealing lessons that apply to insurance markets more broadly. Using rich claim-level data from a large firm, my analysis reveals that the strategic delay of treatment and the associated adverse selection may be an important factor in explaining why so few people have dental coverage in the US and why typical dental "insurance" contracts provide so little insurance. More generally, my results suggest that insurance products without contract features designed to limit coverage for strategically delayed costs (e.g., open-enrollment periods, pricing pre-existing conditions) may generate unraveling. An essay entitled "The Hated Property Tax: Salience, Tax Rates, and Tax Revolts" (with Caroline Hoxby), explores the relationship between the salience of the property tax and observed property tax rates. We hypothesize that high salience explains the unpopularity of the property tax, the level of the property tax, and prevalence of property tax revolts. To identify variation in the salience of the property tax over local jurisdictions and over time, we exploit conditionally random variation in tax escrow, a method of paying the property tax that makes it much less salient. We find that areas in which the property tax is less salient are areas in which property taxes are higher and property tax revolts are less likely to occur. In an essay entitled "Private Coverage and Public Costs: Identifying the Effect of Private Supplemental Insurance on Medicare Spending" (with Neale Mahoney), we explore the impact of private supplemental insurance on Medicare spending. Private supplemental insurance to "fill the gaps" of Medicare, known as Medigap, is very popular. We estimate the impact of this supplemental insurance on total medical spending using an instrumental variables strategy that leverages discontinuities in Medigap premiums at state boundaries. Our estimates suggest that Medigap increases medical spending by 57 percent---or about 40 percent more than previous estimates suggest. Back-of-the-envelope calculations indicate that a 20 percent tax on premiums would generate combined revenue and savings of 6.2 percent of Medicare baseline costs. An essay entitled "The Effect of Insurance Coverage on Preventive Care" (with Mark Cullen), explores the effect of insurance coverage on preventive care utilization. Using health insurance claims data from a large company, this paper examines the implementation of an insurance benefit design which differentially increased the marginal price of curative care (non-preventive care) while decreasing the marginal price of prevention. We examine the effect of the differential price change on the use of preventive procedures. We reveal evidence consistent with an important negative cross-price effect; that is, increases in the price of curative care can depress preventive care utilization.
Author: Ilya Rahkovsky
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Disclosure of information
Languages : en
Pages : 176
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Book Description
