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Author: Wei Liu
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
ABSTRACT: This study reports on the development of methods for pretreatment of feedstock and post treatment of residue and leachate to improve the performance of UF-patented anaerobic composting technology. These improvements were needed for application of this technology as a solid waste management subsystem on long-term NASA space missions, as well as in treating industrial organic wastes, such as beet pulp and beet tailings from the beet sugar industry. Post treatments were needed for the NASA space mission application and beet pulp application, and involved stabilization of anaerobically digested solid residue by a nitrification process, integration of ammonia removal from liquid leachate within the anaerobic digestion process, and incorporation of both treatments into the overall system configuration. Pretreatment of readily biodegradable feedstock was needed for the sugar beet tailings application, and consisted of adding a pre-wash step to wash and remove the large fraction of soluble organic matter in the sugar beet tailings, and holding this fraction in a separate reservoir for subsequent controlled release into the system. Results from post treatment of solid residue showed that nitrification initiated within 2 days by continuous flow of air through the residue at a rate of 187 mL/minute/kg wet residue,
Author: Wei Liu
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Get Book Here
Book Description
ABSTRACT: This study reports on the development of methods for pretreatment of feedstock and post treatment of residue and leachate to improve the performance of UF-patented anaerobic composting technology. These improvements were needed for application of this technology as a solid waste management subsystem on long-term NASA space missions, as well as in treating industrial organic wastes, such as beet pulp and beet tailings from the beet sugar industry. Post treatments were needed for the NASA space mission application and beet pulp application, and involved stabilization of anaerobically digested solid residue by a nitrification process, integration of ammonia removal from liquid leachate within the anaerobic digestion process, and incorporation of both treatments into the overall system configuration. Pretreatment of readily biodegradable feedstock was needed for the sugar beet tailings application, and consisted of adding a pre-wash step to wash and remove the large fraction of soluble organic matter in the sugar beet tailings, and holding this fraction in a separate reservoir for subsequent controlled release into the system. Results from post treatment of solid residue showed that nitrification initiated within 2 days by continuous flow of air through the residue at a rate of 187 mL/minute/kg wet residue,
Author: J. Mata-Alvarez
Publisher: IWA Publishing
ISBN: 1900222140
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 292
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Book Description
Biomethanization of the Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Wastes is a comprehensive introduction to both the fundamentals and the more practical aspects of the anaerobic digestion of organic solid wastes, particularly those derived from households, that is, the organic fraction of municipal solid wastes (OFMSW). It can be used as a textbook for specialized courses and also as a guide for practitioners. In the first part, the book covers the relevant aspects of anaerobic digestion (AD) of organic wastes. The fundamentals and kinetic aspects of AD are reviewed with particular emphasis on the aspects related to solid wastes. This introduction is necessary to have a comprehensive view of the AD process and to understand the practical principles as well as the origin of possible problems arising from the management of the process. Chapter 2 emphasizes the role of kinetics in designing the reactor, paying special attention to existing models, particularly the dynamic ones. Through this introduction, it is intended to facilitate the technology transfer from laboratory or pilot plant experiences to full-scale process, in order to implement improvements in current digesters. Laboratory methods are described for the analysis and optimization of reactor performance, such as methanogenic activity tests or experimental evaluation of the biodegradation kinetics of solid organic waste. The different reaction patterns applied to industrial reactors are outlined. Industrial reactors are classified in accordance with the system they use, pointing out advantages and limitations. Co-digestion, enabling the co-treatment of organic wastes of different origin in a more economically feasible way, is described in detail. Examples of co-digestion are given, with OFMSW as a base-substrate. Finally, full-scale co-digestion plants are discussed. Various types (mechanical, biological, physico-chemical) of pre-treatment to increase the biodegradability, and thus the yields of the process, are reviewed in detail. The use of the fermentation products of anaerobic digesters for biological nutrient removal processes in wastewater treatment plants is described. This constitutes an example of integrated waste management, a field in which both economic and technical advances can be achieved. Balances are given to justify the approach, and a full-scale case study is presented. The important topic of economics and the ecological advantages of the process are emphasized. The use of compost, the integration with composting technology, and advantages over other technologies are detailed in the framework of an environmental impact assessment of biowaste treatment. Finally, the anaerobic digestion of MSW in landfills is reviewed in detail, with emphasis on landfill process enhancement and strategies for its application.
Author: Michael H. Gerardi
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0471468959
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 189
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Book Description
Anaerobic digestion is a biochemical degradation process that converts complex organic material, such as animal manure, into methane and other byproducts. Part of the author's Wastewater Microbiology series, Microbiology of Anareboic Digesters eschews technical jargon to deliver a practical, how-to guide for wastewater plant operators.
Author: Vinay Kumar Tyagi
Publisher: IWA Publishing
ISBN: 1780409737
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 457
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Book Description
The anaerobic process is considered to be a sustainable technology for organic waste treatment mainly due to its lower energy consumption and production of residual solids coupled with the prospect of energy recovery from the biogas generated. However, the anaerobic process cannot be seen as providing the ‘complete’ solution as its treated effluents would typically not meet the desired discharge limits in terms of residual carbon, nutrients and pathogens. This has given impetus to subsequent post treatment in order to meet the environmental legislations and protect the receiving water bodies and environment. This book discusses anaerobic treatment from the perspective of organic wastes and wastewaters (municipal and industrial) followed by various post-treatment options for anaerobic effluent polishing and resource recovery. Coverage will also be from the perspective of future trends and thoughts on anaerobic technologies being able to support meeting the increasingly stringent disposal standards. The resource recovery angle is particularly interesting as this can arguably help achieve the circular economy. It is intended the information can be used to identify appropriate solutions for anaerobic effluent treatment and possible alternative approaches to the commonly applied post-treatment techniques. The succeeding discussion is intended to lead on to identification of opportunities for further research and development. This book can be used as a standard reference book and textbook in universities for Master and Doctoral students. The academic community relevant to the subject, namely faculty, researchers, scientists, and practicing engineers, will find the book both informative and as a useful source of successful case studies.
Author: Nicholas Korres
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1136489630
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 627
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Book Description
Interest in anaerobic digestion (AD), the process of energy production through the production of biogas, has increased rapidly in recent years. Agricultural and other organic waste are important substrates that can be treated by AD. This book is one of the first to provide a broad introduction to anaerobic digestion and its potential to turn agricultural crops or crop residues, animal and other organic waste, into biomethane. The substrates used can include any non-woody materials, including grass and maize silage, seaweeds, municipal and industrial wastes. These are all systematically reviewed in terms of their suitability from a biological, technical and economic perspective. In the past the technical competence and high capital investment required for industrial-scale anaerobic digesters has limited their uptake, but the authors show that recent advances have made smaller-scale systems more viable through a greater understanding of optimising bacterial metabolism and productivity. Broader issues such as life cycle assessment and energy policies to promote AD are also discussed.
Author: F. Cecchi
Publisher: IWA Publishing (International Water Assoc)
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 324
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Book Description
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Author: Abbass Jafari Kang
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Technology
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Anaerobic digestion (AD) of organic municipal solid waste (OMSW) is considered as a key element in sustainable municipal waste management due to its benefits for energy, environment, and economy. This process reduces emission of greenhouse gases, generates renewable natural gas, and produces fertilizers and soil amendments. Due to its advantages over other treatment methods and waste-to-energy technologies, anaerobic digestion has attracted more attention so that numerous research works in this area are performed. In this chapter, an overview of previous studies on anaerobic digestion using OMSW as the feedstock is presented. First, the principals of anaerobic digestion including chemical and biological pathways and microorganisms responsible for different steps of the process are discussed. Factors influencing the efficiency of the process such as temperature, pH, moisture content, retention time, organic loading rate and C/N ratio are also presented in this chapter. Different methods of pretreatment applied to enhance biogas production from anaerobic digestion of municipal solid waste are also discussed.
Author: Başak Kılıç Taşeli
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 1839627069
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 148
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Book Description
Creating decent living conditions for all people while decoupling economic growth from the increasing use of virgin resources and environmental impacts is the major challenge of this millennium. There are many approaches suggested for solving these problems, including changing consumption behavior from material products to services, finding technological solutions to create more closed loops for materials, and using fewer virgin resources and energy obtained from clean renewable sources. A main issue to address is sludge formation during wastewater treatment. As such, this book, over seven chapters divided into two sections, investigates the application of biosolids or sewage sludge together with possible resources for sustainable development. It also presents information on resource efficiency from a more complex perspective, looking at several resources and the causal links between them in order to point out new pathways towards a more sustainable use of resources.
Author: Dieter Deublein
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 3527318410
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 469
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Book Description
Written as a practical introduction to biogas plant design and operation, this book fills a huge gap by presenting a systematic guide to this emerging technology -- information otherwise only available in poorly intelligible reports by US governmental and other official agencies. The author draws on teaching material from a university course as well as a wide variety of industrial biogas projects he has been involved with, thus combining didactical skill with real-life examples. Alongside biological and technical aspects of biogas generation, this timely work also looks at safety and legal aspects as well as environmental considerations.
Author: Helen Treichel
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3030105164
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 308
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Book Description
This book highlights the current limitations of biogas production and yield and new avenues to improving them. Biogas production and yield are among the most important renewable energy targets for our world. Pursuing an innovative and biotechnological approach, the book presents alternative sources for biogas production and explores a broad range of aspects, including: pre-treatment of substrates, accelerators (enzyme-mediated) and inhibitors involved in the process of obtaining biogas and its yield, design specifications for digesters/modified digesters, managing biogas plants, microbial risk and slurry management, energy balance and positive climatic impacts of the biogas production chain, and the impacts on Human, Animal and Environmental Health (“One Health” concept for the biogas chain).
