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Author: Wilfredo Leiva Maldonado
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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In this paper we model foreign capital flow to Brazil as stemming from an investment decision that whose risk depends on the expected rate of loss of foreign reserves. This motivates the estimation of an empirical relationship between these two variables that is valid for "normal" periods (when there is no foreign exchange crisis) which is used to calculate the capital flow associated with a given expected rate of foreign reserves loss. This empirical relationship is then introduced in a static General Equilibrium Model for Brazil which has exogenous foreign capital flow and follows a relatively standard specification, to produce a version of it with endogenous capital flow. After employing the inverse of the estimated relationship to calculate the difference between the expected and the realized values of the reserve loss in 1998, and using it to adjust the base year data, we recalibrate the model and compare the response of the two versions of the model to a simulation of the implementation of two free trade agreements: with the Americas (ALCA) and with the European Union. The main conclusion is that the inclusion of endogenous foreign capital flow in the model significantly amplifies, and in some cases changes, the real effects of these free trade agreements.
Author: Wilfredo Leiva Maldonado
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
In this paper we model foreign capital flow to Brazil as stemming from an investment decision that whose risk depends on the expected rate of loss of foreign reserves. This motivates the estimation of an empirical relationship between these two variables that is valid for "normal" periods (when there is no foreign exchange crisis) which is used to calculate the capital flow associated with a given expected rate of foreign reserves loss. This empirical relationship is then introduced in a static General Equilibrium Model for Brazil which has exogenous foreign capital flow and follows a relatively standard specification, to produce a version of it with endogenous capital flow. After employing the inverse of the estimated relationship to calculate the difference between the expected and the realized values of the reserve loss in 1998, and using it to adjust the base year data, we recalibrate the model and compare the response of the two versions of the model to a simulation of the implementation of two free trade agreements: with the Americas (ALCA) and with the European Union. The main conclusion is that the inclusion of endogenous foreign capital flow in the model significantly amplifies, and in some cases changes, the real effects of these free trade agreements.
Author: Wilfredo L. Maldonado
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : International business enterprises
Languages : en
Pages : 44
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Author: Ms. Eliane A. Cardoso
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1451899238
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 50
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This paper creates an index of capital controls to analyze the determinants of capital flows to Brazil, accounting for the endogeneity of capital controls by considering a government that sets controls in response to capital flows. It finds that the government reacts strongly to capital flows by increasing controls on inflows during booms and relaxing them in moments of distress. The paper estimates a vector autoregression with capital flows, controls, and interest differentials. It shows that controls have been temporarily effective in altering levels and composition of capital flows but have had no sustained effects in the long run.
Author: Mary E. Burfisher
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1107132207
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 443
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Book Description
The book provides a hands-on introduction to computable general equilibrium (CGE) models, written at an accessible, undergraduate level.
Author: Shu-Heng Chen
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0199844372
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 785
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Book Description
The Oxford Handbook of Computational Economics and Finance provides a survey of both the foundations of and recent advances in the frontiers of analysis and action. It is both historically and interdisciplinarily rich and also tightly connected to the rise of digital society. It begins with the conventional view of computational economics, including recent algorithmic development in computing rational expectations, volatility, and general equilibrium. It then moves from traditional computing in economics and finance to recent developments in natural computing, including applications of nature-inspired intelligence, genetic programming, swarm intelligence, and fuzzy logic. Also examined are recent developments of network and agent-based computing in economics. How these approaches are applied is examined in chapters on such subjects as trading robots and automated markets. The last part deals with the epistemology of simulation in its trinity form with the integration of simulation, computation, and dynamics. Distinctive is the focus on natural computationalism and the examination of the implications of intelligent machines for the future of computational economics and finance. Not merely individual robots, but whole integrated systems are extending their "immigration" to the world of Homo sapiens, or symbiogenesis.
Author: Ronaldo Seroa da Motta
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Brazil
Languages : en
Pages : 40
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Author: Daniel Da Mata
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Brazil
Languages : en
Pages : 50
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Author: Katia Rocha
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Default (Finance)
Languages : en
Pages : 38
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Author: Daniel Da Mata
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Cities and towns
Languages : en
Pages : 52
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In this paper, we examine the determinants of Brazilian city growth between 1970 and 2000. We consider a model of a city, which combines aspects of standard urban economics and the new economic geography literatures. For the empirical analysis, we constructed a dataset of 123 Brazilian agglomerations, and estimate aspects of the demand and supply side as well as a reduced form specification that describes city sizes and their growth. Our main findings are that increases in rural population supply, improvements in inter-regional transport connectivity and education attainment of the labor force have strong impacts on city growth. We also find that local crime and violence, measured by homicide rates impinge on growth. In contrast, a higher share of private sector industrial capital in the local economy stimulates growth. Using the residuals from the growth estimation, we also find that cities who better administer local land use and zoning laws have higher growth. Finally, our policy simulations show that diverting transport investments from large cities towards secondary cities do not provide significant gains in terms of national urban performance.
Author: Elcyon Caiado Rocha Lima
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Autoregression (Statistics)
Languages : en
Pages : 42
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