Emerging Concepts of Tumor Exosome–Mediated Cell-Cell Communication PDF Download
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Author: Huang-Ge Zhang
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461436974
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 223
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Book Description
In multicellular organisms, communication between cells involves secretion of proteins that bind to receptors on neighboring cells. While this has been well documented, another mode of intercellular communication has recently become the subject of increasing interest: the release of exosomes. In cancer, tumor exosomes are involved in various aspects of pathogenesis, including proliferation, immunosuppression, and metastasis. Given the ability of exosomes to export unneeded endogenous molecules from cells, these structures hold great potential as anticancer therapeutic agents. They are also being studied as prognostic markers for cancer.
Author: Huang-Ge Zhang
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461436974
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 223
Get Book Here
Book Description
In multicellular organisms, communication between cells involves secretion of proteins that bind to receptors on neighboring cells. While this has been well documented, another mode of intercellular communication has recently become the subject of increasing interest: the release of exosomes. In cancer, tumor exosomes are involved in various aspects of pathogenesis, including proliferation, immunosuppression, and metastasis. Given the ability of exosomes to export unneeded endogenous molecules from cells, these structures hold great potential as anticancer therapeutic agents. They are also being studied as prognostic markers for cancer.
Author:
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9781461436980
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 230
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Book Description
Author: Yaoliang Tang
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128004975
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 287
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Book Description
Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes are at the forefront of research in two of the most high profile and funded scientific areas – cardiovascular research and stem cells. Mesenchymal Stem Cell Derived Exosomes provides insight into the biofunction and molecular mechanisms, practical tools for research, and a look toward the clinical applications of this exciting phenomenon which is emerging as an effective diagnostic. Primarily focused on the cardiovascular applications where there have been the greatest advancements toward the clinic, this is the first compendium for clinical and biomedical researchers who are interested in integrating MSC-derived exosomes as a diagnostic and therapeutic tool. - Introduces the MSC-exosome mediated cell-cell communication - Covers the major functional benefits in current MSC-derived exosome studies - Discusses strategies for the use of MSC-derived exosomes in cardiovascular therapies
Author: Lawrence R. Edelstein
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128160543
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 550
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Book Description
Exosomes: A Clinical Compendium is a comprehensive and authoritative account of exosomes in the context of biomarkers, diagnostics, and therapeutics across a wide spectrum of medical disciplines, as well as their role in cell-cell communication. It is intended to serve as a reference source for clinicians, physicians, and research scientists who wish to gain insight into the most recent advances in this rapidly growing field. The exosome revolution may well be the greatest advance in physiology and medicine since antibiotics. The discovery of their epigenetic role in intercellular signaling in virtually all tissues is a major breakthrough in our understanding of how cells function. - Provides readers with a broad and timely overview of exosomes in health and disease, closing with a thought-provoking chapter on transgenerational inheritance, Darwin and Lamarck. - Summarizes the most recent laboratory and clinical findings on exosomes across numerous medical disciplines, thereby offering readers a broad-ranging and solid foundation for prospective investigative efforts - Twenty-one chapters authored by a global team of peer-acknowledged experts, each representing a key medical disciplineProvides readers with a broad and timely overview of exosomes in health and disease, closing
Author: Mustapha Kandouz
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9401773807
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 370
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Book Description
Cells are by nature compelled to live in groups. They develop dependence over signaling cues received from their microenvironment, in particular from other cells, whether of their own “kind” or of a different type. Therefore, communicating with these cells is a critical aspect of their behavior and fate, as they live and die normally or as they undergo disease-related pathological changes, with dramatic repercussions. In this book, we have asked expert researchers in the field of Intercellular Communication in Cancer to provide chapters on different aspects of interaction between neighboring cells, in the context of cancer diseases. We have specifically focused our efforts on membrane-to-membrane contact-based rather than growth factors-mediated modes of intercellular communications. The contributing authors provide an extensive overview of their respective area of specialization, with an in-depth discussion of the molecular mechanisms of cell-cell interactions, the impact on tumor progression and response to therapies, as well as the cancer diagnostic value of this scientific information. This book aims to introduce essential aspects of the normal and pathological cellular fate and homeostasis to both scientists and clinicians, and also to provide established researchers with an update on the novelties and future directions this expanding field is witnessing.
Author: Mansoor M. Amiji
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128128046
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 402
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Book Description
Diagnostic and Therapeutic Applications of Exosomes in Cancer evaluates the potential of exosome content manipulation in the development of novel therapeutics. In recent years, exosomes, the small vesicles produced by all cell types, have been identified as contributors to cancer growth and metastasis. However, due to their unique biophysical properties, they are also being tested for use in therapeutic design and delivery, as well as in diagnostics. This book presents a comprehensive analysis on exosomes, with a main emphasis on their biogenesis and signaling, use as biomarkers, and as tools for imaging, drug delivery and the treatment of cancer. - Covers emerging pharmaceutical and diagnostic applications, including exosomes being tested as carriers of anticancer drugs, ongoing clinical trials, and exosomes as imaging agents for cancer diagnosis and treatment - Brings together a team of highly regarded international authors who provide a full-rounded analysis - Presents comprehensive coverage of the unique biophysical properties of exosomes - Explores current and future possibilities
Author: Ramesh - Singh
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 118
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Book Description
Exosomes are nano-vesicles released into the microenvironment by different cell types including normal and cancer cells. Initial studies showed that these extracellular vesicles are used by cells to get rid of obsolete cellular molecules, toxic end products and drugs. Exosomes have acquired a lot of attention because of their ability to act as mediator of cell-cell communication. They have tetraspanin proteins on their membrane and contain lipids, proteins, mRNAs and non-coding RNAs. In this work we explore the potential of exosomal microRNAs and IncRNAs as mediators of cell communication. In this study, we demonstrate that exosomes carrying non-coding RNA can be transferred among different cell lines through direct uptake. We show that miR-10b, highly expressed in metastatic breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells as compared to non-metastatic breast cancer cells or nonmalignant breast cells, is actively secreted into conditioned medium via exosomes. In particular, nSMase2 or ceramide promotes the exosome-mediated miR-10b secretion whereas ceramide inhibitor suppresses this secretion. Moreover, upon uptake, miR-10b can suppress the protein level of its target genes such as HOXD10 and KLF4, indicating its functional significance. Finally, treatment with exosomes derived from MDA-MB-231 cells could induce the invasion ability of nonmalignant HMLE cells. We also found that IncRNA BC200 is upregulated in breast cancer and actively secreted by cancer cells. BC200 is transcriptionally induced by estradiol (E2) in ER positive breast cancer cell lines and is vital for cell growth and viability. BC200 knockout, generated using CRISPR/Cas9 technique induces growth inhibition and cell apoptosis. Of great interest, BC200 knockout enhances expression of pro-apoptotic bcl-XS variant at both mRNA and protein level. Further studies confirmed that BC200 binds with hnRNP A2/B1 and thereby facilitates binding of hnRNP A2/B1 with bcl-X mRNA. In vivo study in mice shows that BC200 knockout MCF-7 cells had a marked reduction in tumor weight as compared to donor control tumor. The regulation of bd-X alternative splicing depends upon endogenous expression of BC200 that would help hnRNP A2/B1 to position itself on bd-X mRNA and modulate splicing in favor of bcl-XL. Thus, loss of BC200 leads to generation of bcl-XS protein synthesis and apoptosis. Together, these results suggest that BC200 functions as a negative regulator of apoptosis in breast cancer and thus, it may serve as a potential target for cancer therapies. Work done in this study suggests that a set of specific non-coding RNAs may play an important role in modulating tumor microenvironment through exosomes. Thus, a better understanding of this process may aid in the development of novel therapeutic agents.
Author: Dmitry I. Gabrilovich
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1489980563
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 471
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Book Description
Tumor-Induced Immune Suppression - Prospects and Progress in Mechanisms and Therapeutic Reversal presents a comprehensive overview of large number of different mechanisms of immune dysfunction in cancer and therapeutic approaches to their correction. This includes the number of novel mechanisms that has never before been discussed in previous monographs. The last decades were characterized by substantial progress in the understanding of the role of the immune system in tumor progression. Researchers have learned how to manipulate the immune system to generate tumor specific immune response, which raises high expectations for immunotherapy to provide breakthroughs in cancer treatment. It is increasingly clear that tumor-induced abnormalities in the immune system not only hampers natural tumor immune surveillance, but also limits the effect of cancer immunotherapy. Therefore, it is critically important to understand the mechanisms of tumor-induced immune suppression to make any progress in the field and this monograph provides these important insights.
Author: Junjie Xiao
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9811043973
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 300
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Book Description
The book provides and intensive overview on exosomes in cardiovascular diseases, its potential as biomarkers, as well as pathological and therapeutic effects. It firstly describes the general aspects of exosomes including the definition, formation and secretion of exosomes and highlight their roles as biomarkers and pathological and therapeutic effects in cardiovascular diseases as well. Secondly, basic aspects of exosomes including the purification methods of exosomes, exosomes content, and functional roles of the cardiovascular exosomes are summarized. Thirdly, exosomes as biomarkers of cardiovascular diseases are overviewed including their roles in diagnosis, prognosis and reaction to therapy. Fourthly, pathological effects of exosomes and therapeutic effects of exosomes are highlighted. Finally, future prospects of exosomes in cardiovascular research would be provided. This is an essential reference for researchers working in cell biology and regeneration, as well as clinicians such as cardiologist.
Author: Armando Meyer
Publisher: Nova Biomedical Books
ISBN: 9781634857161
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 92
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Book Description
Exosomes are small (30-100 nm diameter) membrane enclosed vesicles of endosomal origin, released by a variety of cell types, which are capable of transferring biologically active macromolecules, such as proteins, lipids and RNA to other cells. Therefore, exosomes are important mediators of intercellular communication influencing physiological or pathological processes at recipient cells. In this book, Chapter One briefly reviews the knowledge gained on the molecular mechanisms underlying exosome formation and release. Chapter Two studies whether the Extracellular Vesicle (EV) Array can be utilized to phenotype unpurified small EVs (sEVs) from other body fluids such as urine, saliva, synovial fluid, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), ascites, bone marrow (BM) and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Chapter Three examines the multifaceted roles of tumor-associated exosomes in the development and progression of cancer as well as the unique utility they present to detect, monitor, and therapeutically combat tumor occurrences. Chapter Four provides a review of the types of EVs encountered by sperm in the environment they traverse on their journey to the ampulla in the oviduct.
