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Author: Gerta Vrbová
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1402082339
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 127
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Book Description
The first evidence that electrical changes can cause muscles to contract was p- vided by Galvani (1791). Galvani’s ideas about ‘animal electricity’ were explored during the 19th and 20th century when it was firmly established that ‘electricity’ is one of the most important mechanisms used for communication by the nervous system and muscle. These researches lead to the development of ever more soph- ticated equipment that could either record the electrical changes in nerves and muscles, or elicit functional changes by electrically stimulating these structures. It was indeed the combination of these two methods that elucidated many of the basic principles about the function of the nervous system. Following these exciting findings, it was discovered that electrical stimulation and the functions elicited by it also lead to long-term changes in the properties of nerves and particularly muscles. Recent findings help us to understand the mec- nisms by which activity induced by electrical stimulation can influence mature, fully differentiated cells, in particular muscles, blood vessels and nerves. Electrically elicited activity determines the properties of muscle fibres by activating a sequence of signalling pathways that change the gene expression of the muscle. Thus, elect- cal activity graduated from a simple mechanism that is used to elicit muscle c- traction, to a system that could induce permanent changes in muscles and modify most of its characteristic properties.
Author: Gerta Vrbová
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1402082339
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 127
Get Book Here
Book Description
The first evidence that electrical changes can cause muscles to contract was p- vided by Galvani (1791). Galvani’s ideas about ‘animal electricity’ were explored during the 19th and 20th century when it was firmly established that ‘electricity’ is one of the most important mechanisms used for communication by the nervous system and muscle. These researches lead to the development of ever more soph- ticated equipment that could either record the electrical changes in nerves and muscles, or elicit functional changes by electrically stimulating these structures. It was indeed the combination of these two methods that elucidated many of the basic principles about the function of the nervous system. Following these exciting findings, it was discovered that electrical stimulation and the functions elicited by it also lead to long-term changes in the properties of nerves and particularly muscles. Recent findings help us to understand the mec- nisms by which activity induced by electrical stimulation can influence mature, fully differentiated cells, in particular muscles, blood vessels and nerves. Electrically elicited activity determines the properties of muscle fibres by activating a sequence of signalling pathways that change the gene expression of the muscle. Thus, elect- cal activity graduated from a simple mechanism that is used to elicit muscle c- traction, to a system that could induce permanent changes in muscles and modify most of its characteristic properties.
Author: Wilfred A. Nix
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642713378
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 149
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Book Description
In many cases of neuromuscular disorders the physician is faced with a complete lack of therapeutic approaches. This helplessness places the doctor in a position of conflict between his desire to help and his awareness that there is no treatment. In this situation it is tempting to indiscriminately use any procedure that avoids an admission of medical helplessness while satisfying the patient's demand for treatment. Electrical interventions are often used to avoid this situation. Due to the random use of therapeutic approaches it is not known what really happens. Presumptions and biased empirical observations have led to the exten sive use of different forms of electrical stimulation regimes in neuromuscular diseases. Due to this unsatisfactory situation it is necessary to know more about appropriate methods that are being used in particular disorders. The search for a better understanding of nerve-muscle interaction has shown that certain activity patterns can influence muscle. These experi mental results provide a rational basis for a possible therapeutic use of electrical stimulation of nerve and muscle. Previously most research has been conducted in normal tissue, and little is known regarding the re sponses of diseased muscle. In an interdisciplinary approach to this, it is our intention to present the current knowledge about basic principles of electrical stimulation in normal muscle. Before electrical stimulation can be accepted as a therapeutic tool, we felt it necessary to summarize the effects of activity in normal and diseased muscle and nerve.
Author: David C. Preston
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN: 1455744735
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 663
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Book Description
Diagnose neuromuscular disorders more quickly and accurately with Electromyography and Neuromuscular Disorders: Clinical-Electrophysiologic Correlations, 3rd Edition! State-of-the-art guidance helps you correlate electromyographic and clinical findings and use the latest EMG techniques to their fullest potential. Consult this title on your favorite e-reader with intuitive search tools and adjustable font sizes. Elsevier eBooks provide instant portable access to your entire library, no matter what device you're using or where you're located. Successfully correlate electrodiagnostic findings with key clinical findings for more confident diagnoses. Clearly see how to apply what you’ve learned with abundant case studies throughout the book. Obtain relevant clinical guidance quickly and easily with an accessible, easy-to-read writing style that’s both comprehensive and easy to understand. Ensure correct EMG needle placement and avoid neurovascular injuries by referring to more than 65 detailed, cross-sectional anatomy drawings. Diagnose many newly defined genetic neuromuscular conditions based on their electrodiagnostic presentation. Stay up to date with must-know information on iatrogenic complications of electrodiagnostic studies. Visualize key concepts more easily with a brand-new full-color design, new artwork, and new photographs. Access Electromyography and Neuromuscular Disorders online, fully searchable, at www.expertconsult.com, along with more than 70 videos that allow you to see and hear the EMG waveforms discussed in the text, as well as a convenient "test yourself" module.
Author: Thomas K. Uchida
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 0262359197
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 396
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Book Description
An engaging introduction to human and animal movement seen through the lens of mechanics. How do Olympic sprinters run so fast? Why do astronauts adopt a bounding gait on the moon? How do running shoes improve performance while preventing injuries? This engaging and generously illustrated book answers these questions by examining human and animal movement through the lens of mechanics. The authors present simple conceptual models to study walking and running and apply mechanical principles to a range of interesting examples. They explore the biology of how movement is produced, examining the structure of a muscle down to its microscopic force-generating motors. Drawing on their deep expertise, the authors describe how to create simulations that provide insight into muscle coordination during walking and running, suggest treatments to improve function following injury, and help design devices that enhance human performance.
Author: Kevin C. Chung
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN: 1437736238
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 401
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Book Description
Practical Management of Pediatric and Adult Brachial Plexus Palsies covers in-depth surgical techniques for managing disorders of this crucial nerve complex so that you can most effectively treat injuries in patients of any age. Drs. Kevin Chung, Lynda Yan, and John McGillicuddy present a multidisciplinary approach to pediatric brachial plexus injury treatment and rehabilitation, obstetric considerations, and other hot topics in the field. With access to the full text and surgical videos online at expertconsult.com, you’ll have the dynamic, visual guidance you need to manage injuries to the brachial plexus. Access the fully searchable text online at www.expertconsult.com, along with surgical videos demonstrating how to perform key procedures. See cases as they present in practice through color illustrations, photos, and diagrams that highlight key anatomical structures and relationships. Apply multidisciplinary best practices with advice from internationally respected authorities in neurosurgery, orthopaedics, plastic surgery, and other relevant fields. Hone your technique with coverage that emphasizes optimizing outcomes with pearls and discussions of common pitfalls. Prepare for collaborating with other physicians thanks to a multidisciplinary approach that covers medical and legal aspects in addition to surgery. Find information quickly and easily with a full-color layout.
Author: Jun Kimura
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0199738688
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1177
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Book Description
Intended for clinicians who perform electrodiagnostic procedures as an extension of their clinical examination, and for neurologists and physiatrists who are interested in neuromuscular disorders and noninvasive electrodiagnostic methods, particularly those practicing electromyography (EMG) this book provides a comprehensive review of most peripheral nerve and muscle diseases, including specific techniques and locations for performing each test.
Author: Steven C. Cramer
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1139490656
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 307
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Book Description
Increasing evidence identifies the possibility of restoring function to the damaged brain via exogenous therapies. One major target for these advances is stroke, where most patients can be left with significant disability. Treatments have the potential to improve the victim's quality of life significantly and reduce the time and expense of rehabilitation. Brain Repair After Stroke reviews the biology of spontaneous brain repair after stroke in animal models and in humans. Detailed chapters cover the many forms of therapy being explored to promote brain repair and consider clinical trial issues in this context. This book provides a summary of the neurobiology of innate and treatment-induced repair mechanisms after hypoxia and reviews the state of the art for human therapeutics in relation to promoting behavioral recovery after stroke. Essential reading for stroke physicians, neurologists, rehabilitation physicians and neuropsychologists.
Author: Alojz Kralj
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1351446843
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 209
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Book Description
This reference text covers the fundamental knowledge and principles of functional electrical stimulation (FES) as applied to the spinal cord injured (SCI) patient. The principles of FES application and basic biomechanical issues related to FES in SCI are stressed. The fundamentals regarding patient selection criteria, indication, contraindications, and descriptions of procedures are clearly presented. Also included are the fundamentals and rationale of gait restoration with patient selection, control strategies, and the synthesis of gait sequences with trends in the field. Each chapter contains numerous references to the FES literature for the reader to easily evaluate and extend his knowledge in the area of interest. Biomedical and rehabilitation engineering professionals and researchers for medical doctors, physical therapists, and orthotists will find this publication invaluable.
Author: George Karpati
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521650625
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 800
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Book Description
Rewritten and redesigned, this remains the one essential text on the diseases of skeletal muscle.
Author: David J. Magee
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN: 0323310737
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1236
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Book Description
- NEW! The Skin and Wound Healing chapter looks at the numerous tools available to assist in objectively monitoring and treating a patient with an acute or chronic wound. - NEW! Rotator Cuff Pathology chapter highlights the anatomy, function, and etiology of the rotary cuff, and addresses rotary cuff injuries, physical examination, and non-operative and operative treatment. - UPDATED! Substantially revised chapter on the Thoracic Ring ApproachTM facilitates clinical reasoning for the treatment of the thoracic spine and ribs through the assessment and treatment of thoracic spine disorders and how they relate to the whole kinetic chain. - UPDATED! Revised Lumbar Spine – Treatment of Motor Control Disorders chapter explores some of the research evidence and clinical reasoning pertaining to instability of the lumbar spine so you can better organize your knowledge for immediate use in the clinical setting. - UPDATED! Significantly revised chapter on the treatment of pelvic pain and dysfunction presents an overview of specific pathologies pertaining to the various systems of the pelvis — and highlights how "The Integrated Systems Model for Disability and Pain" facilitates evidence-based management of the often complex patient with pelvic pain and dysfunction. - NEW! Musculoskeletal Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors chapter covers common bones tumors, anatomic considerations and rehabilitation, pediatric patients, and amputation related to cancer. - UPDATED! Thoroughly revised chapters with additional references ensure you get the most recent evidence and information available. - NEW! Full color design and illustration program reflects what you see in the physical world to help you recognize and understand concepts more quickly.
