Effects of Opening Size and Competition Levels on the Growth and Canopy Recruitment of Saplings in Northern Hardwood Forests PDF Download
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Author: John M. Goodburn
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 116
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Author: John M. Goodburn
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 116
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dissertations, Academic
Languages : en
Pages : 804
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Author: Jacob H. Dyer
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 200
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Forests and forestry
Languages : en
Pages : 156
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Forests and forestry
Languages : en
Pages : 388
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Author: Jeffrey W. Stringer
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ISBN:
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 304
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The Central Hardwood Forest stretches from the upper Southeast to the Great Lakes & from Arkansas to Mass. It is an oak-dominated deciduous forest occurring in hilly to mountainous areas of this region -- the most extensive temperate deciduous forest in the world. Concerns the biology & management of central hardwoods by forest scientists from throughout the Central Hardwood Region of the Eastern U.S. Includes papers on: nutrient dynamics; stand structure; reforestation/reclamation; harvesting; modeling/inventory; wildlife; silviculture; disturbance effects; & genetics/tree improvement. Includes 21 poster presentations.
Author: Catherine Rose Henry
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ISBN:
Category : Electronic dissertations
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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For managed forests which rely on natural tree regeneration for canopy recruitment, abundance and composition of tree regeneration portend future forest structure and diversity. For northern hardwood forests, a geographically widespread forest type in North America, typical single-tree selection (STS) management relies on natural regeneration to promote new cohorts of canopy trees. Harvesting dispersed, select trees every 15 - 20 years, STS generates low light levels intended to promote sugar maple (Acer saccharum) and other shade-tolerant tree species in an uneven-aged system. However, following 60 + years of STS implementation in the Great Lakes region, concerning regeneration trends have emerged, namely low densities of sugar maple and low tree species diversity. Additionally, few studies have analyzed age structure under this system to assess its past efficacy in generating uneven-aged forests. The research presented here characterizes regeneration and recruitment outcomes of STS, analyzing data from a uniquely detailed and geographically widespread research project of 141 northern hardwood stands across northern Michigan.Given the silvicultural focus on regenerating sugar maple, the first two chapters focus on management outcomes for this key species. First, a flexible Bayesian hierarchical model offers insight on patterns of sugar maple regeneration for key size classes as a function of plot and stand level predictors. Our results indicate that sugar maple regeneration is sparse to absent, particularly for size classes actively browsed by deer and recently escaped from the deer browsing zone. The second analysis characterizes age structure for a subset of 51 stands, drawing on 1499 sugar maple trees > 5 cm diameter sampled via basal discs from recently harvested stumps; this analysis provides insight to past patterns of recruitment and establishment. The results suggest little evidence of sugar maple seedling regeneration and canopy ingrowth over the past 60 + years of STS management; instead, stands have highly suppressed saplings plus aging poletimber and sawtimber classes, which are at or quickly approaching economic maturity. Given declines in sugar maple dominance as evidenced by the first two research analyses, the third analysis assesses stand-level tree species diversity and individual species abundance as a function of landscape predictors and size class to shed light on projected future canopy composition. On average, there are approximately three effective common species for seedlings, saplings, and canopy stems at the stand level, and species less desirable for management are occupying growing space in the sapling layer.Together, these results indicate that STS has been unsuccessful in regenerating or recruiting sugar maple over the past 60 + years, and stands are characterized by a paucity of tree species. Our results support several potential alternative management strategies, including decreasing basal area via more intense harvests, prohibiting deer browsing via natural browsing barriers, or introducing greater diversity of tree species via direct seeding or planting. These results should be considered to improve current management of northern hardwood forests in the Great Lakes region.
Author: Trevor A. Jones
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780494158074
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 298
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The basal area increment (BAI) response of trees to gap creation was generally positive; however, there was a lag in BAI response which typically lasted between one and three years. Tree size was the best predictor of both pre-harvest BAI and BAI response to gap creation. Large trees had the greatest BAI but did not respond as positively to gap creation as smaller trees. Unexpectedly, it was observed that the BAI response of the more shade tolerant species was more positive than the less tolerant species. This may be related to species differences in canopy structure, with the deep crowns of shade tolerant species providing increased light interception following gap creation. The management of tolerant hardwood forests in central Ontario is typically done using the selection harvest system where no more than one third of the stand basal area is removed in each harvest while a balanced distribution of tree sizes and species is maintained to ensure continual stand development. Because regeneration is achieved through the manipulation of the understory light environment, the response of tree seedlings and saplings to changing light availability has been well studied. However, little is known about either the physiological acclimation processes or the growth responses of canopy trees to gap creation. This thesis examines the physiological acclimation and growth responses of large trees to selection management and addresses the factors that determine the temporal pattern and magnitude of the growth response. In order to better understand growth responses of large trees to gap creation an experiment examining canopy physiological and morphological acclimation to gap creation was conducted. Leaves within the lower portions of the canopy experienced gradual increases in area-based maximum photosynthetic rates, stomatal conductance, and leaf nitrogen. No change in these variables was observed that could not be accounted for by changes in leaf mass per unit area. Both the growth and physiological studies point to the importance of increases in incident light in the lower portions of the canopy, in conjunction with slow acclimation responses, as drivers of whole tree carbon gain and growth following selection harvests.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Forests and forestry
Languages : en
Pages : 598
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 276
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