Effects of Dietary Crude Protein and Energy Concentration on Performance, Carcass Characteristics, and Carcass Chemical Composition in Feedlot Cattle Fed to Achieve Step-wise Increases in Rate of Gain PDF Download
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Author: Johnny E. Rossi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 466
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Author: Johnny E. Rossi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 466
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dissertation abstracts
Languages : en
Pages : 816
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dissertations, Academic
Languages : en
Pages : 830
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Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies
ISBN: 0309049970
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 94
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Book Description
In the past decade, animal scientists have learned that administering recombinantly derived somatotropin (growth hormone) to cows improves milk production and that giving beta-adrenergic agonists to meat animals improves productivity and leanness. In order for these metabolic modifiers to yield benefits, however, sound management of the animals' nutrition is necessary. This volume reports on how these substances work in the animals' metabolism, what effects they might have on nutrient requirements of domestic livestock, and what information should be developed further by investigators. The book explores the current understanding of the biology, structure, mechanisms of action, and treatment effects of somatotropin, beta-adrenergic agonists, and anabolic steroids. A companion volume to the Nutrient Requirements of Domestic Animals series, this authoritative volume will be required reading for animal scientists, researchers, veterinarians, livestock farmers, and faculty and students in university animal veterinary science programs.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Animal nutrition
Languages : en
Pages : 726
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Author: Paige Rebecca Spowart
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Beef cattle
Languages : en
Pages : 190
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Book Description
Feeds such as Sweet BranTM (SB) and wet distillers grains with solubles (WDGS) contribute high concentrations of dietary energy and low starch while potentially providing buffering qualities that may improve rumen health and performance. Feeding combinations of SB and WDGS is common but research is limited. This study evaluated the effects of SB and WDGS in the diet alone or in combination on performance, carcass characteristics, ruminal pH, and rumination time of finishing beef cattle. The study was a randomized complete block design using pen as the experimental unit. Steers (n = 455; 373 ± 15.5 kg) were randomly allocated to 48 pens (12 blocks, 4 pens/block) and transitioned over 20 d to 1 of 4 steam-flaked corn-based dietary treatments containing: no byproducts (CON), 20% WDGS (WDGS), 20% SB (SB), or 20% SB and 10% WDGS (COMBO). Within each pen, 2 steers were randomly selected to receive an indwelling ruminal pH bolus to quantify pH of the rumen and a 3-axis accelerometer tag to measure rumination for the first 92 d of the study. Diet samples were collected weekly to determine particle size, NDF concentration, and physically effective fiber (peNDF). Cattle performance (BW, DMI, ADG, G:F) was not different (P = 0.96) through the transition period across all treatments. Overall, final BW, DMI, and ADG were greater (P 0.01) for WDGS, SB, and COMBO than CON. Although overall G:F was not different (P = 0.48), feed cost of gain was greatest (P
Author: J. McKinnon
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
While it is recognized that cattle breeds differ in frame size and growth when calculating nutrient requirements for growing and finishing, there is confusion over the adequacy of current crude protein recommendations for large frame cattle. This study was designed to evaluate feedlot performance and carcass characteristics of medium and large frame steers fed finishing rations which varied in energy and protein content. Two hundred eighty-eight medium and large frame steer calves were fed six experimental rations consisting of 1 of 2 energy levels (73.5% or 78.5%) and 1 of 3 crude protein levels (11%, 13%, 15%). Biweekly weight average daily gain, skeletal size, days to market, feed consumption and feed efficiency were monitored during feeding. Carcass data included warm weight, fat cover, ribeye area, marbling score, dressing percentage and cutability. Carcass composition was estimated from dissection of randomly selected calves at the start of the experiment and at slaughter from 8 bone rib samples. Ration digestibility and nitrogen balance were determined concurrently in a separate feeding trial for 8 steers.
Author: Danilo Domingues Millen
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2832530184
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 115
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Book Description
The increasing demand for high-quality beef has led to the necessity of including higher levels of cereal grains and its by-products into cattle diets. In this context, adequate nutrition of beef cattle involves knowledge of energy and nutrient requirements to define specific nutritional strategy. The evolution feeding strategies to feedlot cattle depends on advances related to ruminant metabolism, as well as to the ruminal microbiota. Furthermore, a continuous flow of knowledge development in feedlot cattle nutrition and metabolism is important, as new feeds, additives, or even new management approaches come up very often, and new scenarios will impact protein and energy metabolism, the ruminal microbiota, and also strategies to modulate ruminal fermentation to improve health and performance of feedlot cattle. Overall, the main goal of this Research Topic is to contribute with recent advances in feedlot cattle nutrition and metabolism, addressing studies related to the nutrition of high-performing ruminants, with a special emphasis on the feed efficiency, ruminal fermentation and animal performance. Furthermore, we are interested in different aspects of sustainability and efficiency. In other words, the goal is to attract studies that address such issues, both from a general perspective and in relation to specific domains. Hence, the integration of existing and current knowledge will help refine strategies to optimize the performance of feedlot cattle.
Author: Judson T. Vasconcelos
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Beef cattle
Languages : en
Pages : 162
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Author: Judson Tadeu De Vasconcelos
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 160
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Forty eight crossbred steers (BW = 296 +/- 16.7 kg) were fed four dietary treatments for 56 d: AL-LS (low starch diet fed ad libitum for a rate of gain of 1 kg/d), AL-HS (high starch diet fed ad libitum), LF-HS (a limit fed high starch diet designed to be isocaloric with AL-LS), and AL-IS (a diet fed ad libitum for the midpoint daily energy intake between AL-LS and AL-HS). On d 57 all steers were placed on AL-HS for finishing until d 140. Steers that consumed more total energy (AL-HS and AL-IS) throughout production achieved greater carcass fatness in the end of the 140 d period, although these responses were difficult to evaluate via real-time ultrasound measurements. No differences in insulin and glucose kinetics were observed. Data suggested that energy source may influence energy partitioning during the growing period, but these effects may be overcome by differences in energy intake. Higher marbling scores (AL-HS and AL-IS) rewarded higher grid values and greater premiums, which increased profitability. This data set was also used for a model evaluation that showed that mathematical models (CVDS and NRC) were able to explain most of the variation in individual feed requirements of group-fed growing and finishing cattle. Another data set was used for evaluation of a decision support system Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System (CNCPS) as a tool to minimize nutrient excretion from fed cattle. One-hundred eight-four group-fed steers were fed a 13% crude protein (CP) diet until reaching 567 kg of BW, when their diets were either maintained at 13% or reduced to 11.5% or 10% CP. Data from the second half of the experiment were modeled to predict urinary, fecal, and total N excretion. As dietary CP decreased from 13 to 11.5%, the model indicated a total N excretion of 16%. An even greater reduction in total N excretion (26%) occurred when dietary CP was decreased from 11.5% to 10%. The overall decrease from 13 to 10% CP resulted in a reduction of total N excretion by 38%. Data suggest that decision support systems can be used to assist in balancing diets to meet environment restriction.
