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Author: Stefanie Yvonne Schmitt
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Stefanie Yvonne Schmitt
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Jérémy Boccanfuso
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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This dissertation is a collection of three essays on the economic implications of limited attention. It is supplemented with a general introduction (Chapter 1).The first chapter introduces an ongoing paradigm shift in the macroeconomic literature from full-information rational expectations to rationally inattentive economic agents. It then presents some characteristics of this new class of models and current challenges in the literature that motivates the work in this dissertation.The second chapter is a contribution to consumption theory. It studies the consumption-saving problem of a consumer who faces a fixed cost for paying attention to noisy information and whose attention strategy, i.e., whether or not she pays attention, can be a function of the underlying information. At the optimum, consumers chose to be at- tentive when evidence accumulates far from their prior beliefs. The model provides an explanation for four puzzling empirical findings on consumption and expectations. First, consumers' attention depends on the information content. Second, aggregate information rigidities vary over the business cycle. Third, consumers only react to large anticipated shocks and neglect the impact of small ones. Fourth, aggregate consumption dynamics vary over the business cycle. The third chapter is a theoretical contribution to the literature in behavioral public economics. It studies how information frictions in agents' tax perceptions affect the design of actual tax policy. Developing a positive theory of tax policy, it shows that agents' inattention interacts with policymaking and induces the government to implementinefficiently high tax rates. It then quantifies the magnitude of this policy distortion for the US economy. Overall, the findings suggest that existing information frictions - and thereby tax complexity - lead to undesirable, large and regressive tax increases.The fourth chapter is an empirical contribution to the macroeconomic literature on information frictions. Using the ECB survey of professional forecasters, it estimates a two margin forecast formation process that allows for forecast rounding on individual and consensus forecast data. Forecasters decide when to revise their forecast (extensive margin). When they do, they slowly incorporate new information (intensive margin) and may report a rounded value for their new forecast (rounding). It finds that these three rigidities simultaneously exist and estimate their respective contribution. The overall forecast stickiness is almost exclusively the consequence of the rigidities at the intensive margin. It then derives quarterly time series for the evolution of information frictions and proposes a simple mapping to account for these variations in economic models.
Author: Thomas H. Davenport
Publisher: Harvard Business Press
ISBN: 9781578518715
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 278
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Thought provoking -Time Magazine Welcome to the attention economy, in which the new scarcest resource isn't ideas or talent, but attention itself. This groundbreaking book argues that today's businesses are headed for disaster-unless they overcome the dangerously high attention deficits that threaten to cripple today's workplace. Learn to manage this critical yet finite resource, or fail! "A worthy message" -Publishers Weekly AUTHORBIO: Thomas H. Davenport is the Director of the Accenture Institute for Strategic Change and author of Process Innovation and Working Knowledge, Harvard Business School Press. John C. Beck is an Associate Partner and Senior Research Fellow at the Accenture Institute for Strategic Change.
Author: Don Norman
Publisher: Basic Books
ISBN: 0465004172
Category : Design
Languages : en
Pages : 276
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Book Description
Why attractive things work better and other crucial insights into human-centered design Emotions are inseparable from how we humans think, choose, and act. In Emotional Design, cognitive scientist Don Norman shows how the principles of human psychology apply to the invention and design of new technologies and products. In The Design of Everyday Things, Norman made the definitive case for human-centered design, showing that good design demanded that the user's must take precedence over a designer's aesthetic if anything, from light switches to airplanes, was going to work as the user needed. In this book, he takes his thinking several steps farther, showing that successful design must incorporate not just what users need, but must address our minds by attending to our visceral reactions, to our behavioral choices, and to the stories we want the things in our lives to tell others about ourselves. Good human-centered design isn't just about making effective tools that are straightforward to use; it's about making affective tools that mesh well with our emotions and help us express our identities and support our social lives. From roller coasters to robots, sports cars to smart phones, attractive things work better. Whether designer or consumer, user or inventor, this book is the definitive guide to making Norman's insights work for you.
Author: Peter Doran
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317743415
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 138
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The power of capital is the power to target our attention, mould market-ready identities, and reduce the public realm to an endless series of choices. This has far-reaching implications for our psychological, physical and spiritual well-being, and ultimately for our global ecology. In this consumer age, the underlying teachings of Buddhist mindfulness offer more than individual well-being and resilience. They also offer new sources of critical inquiry into our collective condition, and may point, in time, to regulatory initiatives in the field of well-being. This book draws together lively debates from the new economics of transition, commons and well-being, consumerism, and the emerging role of mindfulness in popular culture. Engaged Buddhist practices and teachings correspond closely to insights in contemporary political philosophical investigations into the nature of power, notably by Michel Foucault. The 'attention economy' can be understood as a new arena of struggle in our age of neoliberal governmentality; as the forces of enclosure – having colonized forests, land and the bodies of workers – are now extended to the realm of our minds and subjectivity. This poses questions about the recovery of the 'mindful commons': the practices we must cultivate to reclaim our attention, time and lives from the forces of capitalization. This is a valuable resource for students and scholars of environmental philosophy, environmental psychology, environmental sociology, well-being and new economics, political economy, environmental politics, the commons and law, as well as Buddhist theory and philosophy.
Author: Hannes Werthner
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030861449
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 342
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Book Description
This open access book aims to set an agenda for research and action in the field of Digital Humanism through short essays written by selected thinkers from a variety of disciplines, including computer science, philosophy, education, law, economics, history, anthropology, political science, and sociology. This initiative emerged from the Vienna Manifesto on Digital Humanism and the associated lecture series. Digital Humanism deals with the complex relationships between people and machines in digital times. It acknowledges the potential of information technology. At the same time, it points to societal threats such as privacy violations and ethical concerns around artificial intelligence, automation and loss of jobs, ongoing monopolization on the Web, and sovereignty. Digital Humanism aims to address these topics with a sense of urgency but with a constructive mindset. The book argues for a Digital Humanism that analyses and, most importantly, influences the complex interplay of technology and humankind toward a better society and life while fully respecting universal human rights. It is a call to shaping technologies in accordance with human values and needs.
Author: Sean Lane
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
ISBN: 9781433832079
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 223
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Book Description
The rise of ubiquitous information technology--smartphones, unbridled Internet access, and various applications of these tools--has interacted with the ways we are wired to think, feel, and behave. This book provides a fascinating look at the impact of the Internet and technology through the lens of human capacity. Chapters examine what makes these technologies so addictive; their effect on emotional well-being, memory, learning, and driving; replenishing depleted cognitive reserves; and how to chart a way forward in the attention economy.
Author:
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0444633898
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 749
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Book Description
Handbook of Behavioral Economics: Foundations and Applications presents the concepts and tools of behavioral economics. Its authors are all economists who share a belief that the objective of behavioral economics is to enrich, rather than to destroy or replace, standard economics. They provide authoritative perspectives on the value to economic inquiry of insights gained from psychology. Specific chapters in this first volume cover reference-dependent preferences, asset markets, household finance, corporate finance, public economics, industrial organization, and structural behavioural economics. This Handbook provides authoritative summaries by experts in respective subfields regarding where behavioral economics has been; what it has so far accomplished; and its promise for the future. This taking-stock is just what Behavioral Economics needs at this stage of its so-far successful career. Helps academic and non-academic economists understand recent, rapid changes in theoretical and empirical advances within behavioral economics Designed for economists already convinced of the benefits of behavioral economics and mainstream economists who feel threatened by new developments in behavioral economics Written for those who wish to become quickly acquainted with behavioral economics
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309452961
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 583
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Book Description
In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.
Author: Rui Guan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Evidence suggests that individual behavior may deviate from preference maximization due to limited attention to alternatives. I study this issue by developing a framework that incorporates choice procedures where individuals consider at least two available alternatives. I show that choices made under sequential elimination (where individuals sequentially eliminate alternatives until only one survives) always maximize preferences, whereas choices made directly from menus do not. Using a controlled experiment, I find that sequential elimination substantially improves individual consistency with preference maximization, especially for subjects with low cognitive ability. Moreover, I explore individual preferences for sequential elimination and their implications.
