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Author: P. Narasimha Rao
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agriculture
Languages : en
Pages : 248
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Book Description
Modernisation Of Agriculture Is A Worldwide Trend. Modernisation And Technological Inputs Are Highly Interrelated. Among Technological Innovations, The Mechanization Is Perhaps The Most Critical One. Unfortunately, The History Of Agricultural Policy In Many Developing Countries, Including India, Is Replete With Controversies When It Come To Mechanization. Mechanization Was Dubbed As Anti-Labour, Anti-Employment, Anti-Poor, And Hence Needs To Be Discouraged At Any Cost. Over The Years, The Scare Among Policy Makers About Mechanization Has Receded In Its Intensity But The Phobia Has Not Disappeared. Many Economists Have Also Contributed To The Predicament Of Policy Makers In This Regard. Part Of It Was Ideological And Visibly Anti-Big Farmer Oriented. In This Perspective, Mechanization Was Identified With Large Farms And Big Farmers. The Present Study About The Impact Of Mechanization, Is Able To Pinpoint With A Great Deal Of Accuracy, The Desirable Consequences And Welcome Features Of Mechanization. It Is Able To Explore The Effects Of Mechanization On Farm Income, Employment, Productivity And Economic Efficiency In Crop Production. The Arguments That Have Been Made In The Present Study Regarding The Social Costs And Benefits Of The Existing Pattern Of Mechanization Leads To The Conclusion That Net Social Benefits Are Positive. Analysis Of Data From The Present Study Indicates That The Existing Pattern Of Mechanization Does Not Add To Unemployment In The Region, Where The Thrust Is To Expand Agricultural Output, Because Machines Are Used In Response To Worthwhile Techno-Economic Considerations And High Cost Of Draught Power. As Machines Help To Save Resources, Hitherto Allotted To Maintain Draught Animals They Enable An Increase In Output By Raising Crop Intensity And Yield Per Acre. Their Use May Be Socially More Beneficial In The Context Of Shortages And High Prices Of Agricultural Commodities. The Increase In The Scale Of Operation, The Rise In The Crop Intensity And Yield Per Acre Made Possible By Mechanization Can Lead To A Net Increase In Farm Employment. Being In An Age Of Technology, We Simply Cannot Ignore This Beneficial Fallout From Mechanization. Although, The Empirical Work Is Confined To Andhra Pradesh, In Its Analytical Framework, Methodology And Discussion Of Relevant Issues It Has Much Wider Application. It Is A Major Contribution To The Research And Would Be Useful To Economists, Agricultural Scientists And Policy Makers.
Author: P. Narasimha Rao
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agriculture
Languages : en
Pages : 248
Get Book Here
Book Description
Modernisation Of Agriculture Is A Worldwide Trend. Modernisation And Technological Inputs Are Highly Interrelated. Among Technological Innovations, The Mechanization Is Perhaps The Most Critical One. Unfortunately, The History Of Agricultural Policy In Many Developing Countries, Including India, Is Replete With Controversies When It Come To Mechanization. Mechanization Was Dubbed As Anti-Labour, Anti-Employment, Anti-Poor, And Hence Needs To Be Discouraged At Any Cost. Over The Years, The Scare Among Policy Makers About Mechanization Has Receded In Its Intensity But The Phobia Has Not Disappeared. Many Economists Have Also Contributed To The Predicament Of Policy Makers In This Regard. Part Of It Was Ideological And Visibly Anti-Big Farmer Oriented. In This Perspective, Mechanization Was Identified With Large Farms And Big Farmers. The Present Study About The Impact Of Mechanization, Is Able To Pinpoint With A Great Deal Of Accuracy, The Desirable Consequences And Welcome Features Of Mechanization. It Is Able To Explore The Effects Of Mechanization On Farm Income, Employment, Productivity And Economic Efficiency In Crop Production. The Arguments That Have Been Made In The Present Study Regarding The Social Costs And Benefits Of The Existing Pattern Of Mechanization Leads To The Conclusion That Net Social Benefits Are Positive. Analysis Of Data From The Present Study Indicates That The Existing Pattern Of Mechanization Does Not Add To Unemployment In The Region, Where The Thrust Is To Expand Agricultural Output, Because Machines Are Used In Response To Worthwhile Techno-Economic Considerations And High Cost Of Draught Power. As Machines Help To Save Resources, Hitherto Allotted To Maintain Draught Animals They Enable An Increase In Output By Raising Crop Intensity And Yield Per Acre. Their Use May Be Socially More Beneficial In The Context Of Shortages And High Prices Of Agricultural Commodities. The Increase In The Scale Of Operation, The Rise In The Crop Intensity And Yield Per Acre Made Possible By Mechanization Can Lead To A Net Increase In Farm Employment. Being In An Age Of Technology, We Simply Cannot Ignore This Beneficial Fallout From Mechanization. Although, The Empirical Work Is Confined To Andhra Pradesh, In Its Analytical Framework, Methodology And Discussion Of Relevant Issues It Has Much Wider Application. It Is A Major Contribution To The Research And Would Be Useful To Economists, Agricultural Scientists And Policy Makers.
Author: Gordon Gemmill
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agriculture
Languages : en
Pages : 76
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Book Description
Agricultural economics research paper presenting a framework for the economic analysis of the social implications and economic implications of agricultural mechanization in developing countries - specifies the major types of agricultural policy decisions in this field and the research needs for improving decision making, reviews selected economic studies on farm mechanization in terms of research methodology, etc., and makes suggestions for the redirection of research. Bibliography pp. 57 to 67.
Author: Ranjith Kumar P.S
Publisher: Prem Jose
ISBN:
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Mechanization is a process of replacing biological sources of energy involving animal and human labour to mechanized sources of energy. Farm mechanization indicates the use of machines for conducting agricultural operations replacing the traditional methods which involve human and animal labour. In the period 2004-05 to 2011-12, robust growth in the secondary and tertiary sectors led to significant job creation in agriculture sector. Tractors and power tillers have been driving the farm mechanization in India. Tractor sales have grown at a CAGR of 9.0 % in Financial Year (FY) 05-15 to around 5.5 lakh tractors in FY15 (around 2.3 lakh in FY2005) whereas sales of power tillers have grown at a CAGR of 10.6% in FY2005 to 2015 to 48,000 power tillers in FY2015 (17,841 in FY2005). Farm mechanisation is a fuel to agriculture production now days. As several studies indicate the mechanisation not only reduced the drudgery of manual labour and it enables the efficient and judicious use of resources. The increased agricultural production and productivity over the decades is coupled with the farm power availability. High labour intensive crops have turned to low labour intensive crops by replacing the mechanical power, which also reduced the cost of production and improved quality of produce led to increased farmers income share.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agricultural innovations
Languages : en
Pages : 190
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Book Description
Author: James Ralston Cooper
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agricultural machinery industry
Languages : en
Pages : 452
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Book Description
Author: Barry Price
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1000304515
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 144
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Book Description
For more than a decade the trend toward increased mechanization in U.S. agriculture has been the source of farm worker protests, legislative hearings, and lawsuits. (The recent case pitting the University of California’s prestigious agriculture research establishment against Cesar Chavez and the United Farm Workers is a prominent example of such litigation.) A key question in the controversy is whether federal and state governments should continue to invest more than $1 billion per year in the development of large-scale, capital-intensive technologies known to have significant social costs. Opponents of continued public support for these new technologies argue that they will eliminate thousands of farm jobs when the nation already suffers from a serious unemployment problem; proponents contend that such capital-intensive technologies keep food prices down for consumers while generating the potential for increased wages for farm workers. This book explores both sides of the debate, tracing the history of the mechanization issue and assessing the economic and sociological bases of the opposing positions. Maintaining that present methods of analysis are not adequate for resolving the conflict, Professor Price suggests an alternative approach, highlighted by a detailed case study of the costs and benefits generated by a new harvest technology adopted in the tomato-processing industry in California. He singles out the role of market structure as the most important variable in the distribution of benefits resulting from mechanization. Finally he relates his research findings to policy alternatives concerning farm mechanization in general, as well as to other problems involving technological change.
Author: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN: 9251308713
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 150
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Book Description
This framework presents ten interrelated principles/elements to guide Sustainable Agricultural Mechanization in Africa (SAMA). Further, it presents the technical issues to be considered under SAMA and the options to be analysed at the country and sub regional levels. The ten key elements required in a framework for SAMA are as follows: The analysis in the framework calls for a specific approach, involving learning from other parts of the world where significant transformation of the agricultural mechanization sector has already occurred within a three-to-four decade time frame, and developing policies and programmes to realize Africa’s aspirations of Zero Hunger by 2025. This approach entails the identification and prioritization of relevant and interrelated elements to help countries develop strategies and practical development plans that create synergies in line with their agricultural transformation plans. Given the unique characteristics of each country and the diverse needs of Africa due to the ecological heterogeneity and the wide range of farm sizes, the framework avoids being prescriptive.
Author: Takeshima, Hiroyuki
Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN:
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 34
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Book Description
Agricultural mechanization has often been characterized by scale-effects and increased specialization. Such characterizations, however, fail to explain how mechanization may grow in Africa where production environments are more heterogeneous and diversification of production may help in mitigating risks from increasingly uncertain climatic conditions. Using panel data from farm households and crop-specific production costs in Nigeria, we estimate how the adoption of animal traction or tractors affects the economies of scope (EOS) between rice, non-rice grains, legume/seed crops, and other crops, which are the crop groups that are most widely grown with animal traction or tractors in Nigeria. The results indicate that the adoption of these mechanization technologies is associated with lower EOS between non-rice grains, legume/seed crops, and other crops, but greater EOS between rice and other crops. An increase in EOS for rice is indicated in both primal and dual analytical approaches. Mechanical technologies may raise EOS between crops that are grown in more heterogeneous environments, even though it may lower EOS between crops that are grown in relatively similar environments. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first paper that shows the effects of mechanical technologies on EOS in agriculture in developing countries.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Farm mechanization
Languages : en
Pages : 16
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Book Description
Author: Bhim Sen Bhatia
Publisher: Daya Publishing House
ISBN: 9789351308751
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 184
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Book Description
"Farm Mechanisation in a Developing Economy" presents an objective and plausible attempt to study the phenomenon of adoption of innovations through the interdisciplinary approach. The Book contains useful information on status of farm mechanisation in five cropping patterns of Punjab and also the socio-economic profile of farmers in these areas. It also provides appraisal of the different models of adoption and defusion along with critical review of research studies conducted on farm mechanisation in various disciplines. Moreover, prediction models developed through multivariate analysis and meant for estimation of adoption levels of agricultural engineering technologies have been specified. The innovative component of the book includes detailed procedure outlined for developing a knowledge test and statistical techniques for testing regression models for various deficiencies. Finaly, the strategies for enhancing the levels of farm mechanisation have been proposed.
