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Author: Mohamed Suliman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 312
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Book Description
Violent internal conflicts in more and more countries are ruining the lives of millions of people and undermining the ability of their governments to provide security and a tolerable economic existence. The contributors to this book take a new view of the reasons for this grave development in Africa, the Balkans, Central Asia and elsewhere. They question traditional analyses of conflict which rely primarily on ethnic, religious and cultural explanations since these do not take account of the increasingly obvious link between the growing scarcity of renewable resources and violent conflict in developing countries. Shortages of cropland, fresh water, woodfuel, pasture and marine resources cannot be ignored. At the same time, this book argues that one cannot understand domestic conflicts simply in environmental terms. For environmental scarcity functions in a society within a complex matrix of historically derived economic and political situations. In particular, an unequal social distribution of resources exacerbates scarcity and fuels popular conflict.
Author: Mohamed Suliman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 312
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Book Description
Violent internal conflicts in more and more countries are ruining the lives of millions of people and undermining the ability of their governments to provide security and a tolerable economic existence. The contributors to this book take a new view of the reasons for this grave development in Africa, the Balkans, Central Asia and elsewhere. They question traditional analyses of conflict which rely primarily on ethnic, religious and cultural explanations since these do not take account of the increasingly obvious link between the growing scarcity of renewable resources and violent conflict in developing countries. Shortages of cropland, fresh water, woodfuel, pasture and marine resources cannot be ignored. At the same time, this book argues that one cannot understand domestic conflicts simply in environmental terms. For environmental scarcity functions in a society within a complex matrix of historically derived economic and political situations. In particular, an unequal social distribution of resources exacerbates scarcity and fuels popular conflict.
Author: Daniel Deudney
Publisher: SUNY Press
ISBN: 9780791441152
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 326
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Book Description
Presents diverse views on the relationship between environmental politics and international security.
Author: Colin H. Kahl
Publisher: Princeton University Press
ISBN: 0691188378
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 352
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Book Description
Over the past several decades, civil and ethnic wars have undermined prospects for economic and political development, destabilized entire regions of the globe, and left millions dead. States, Scarcity, and Civil Strife in the Developing World argues that demographic and environmental stress--the interactions among rapid population growth, environmental degradation, inequality, and emerging scarcities of vital natural resources--represents one important source of turmoil in today's world. Kahl contends that this type of stress places enormous strains on both societies and governments in poor countries, increasing their vulnerability to armed conflict. He identifies two pathways whereby this process unfolds: state failure and state exploitation. State failure conflicts occur when population growth, environmental degradation, and resource inequality weaken the capacity, legitimacy, and cohesion of governments, thereby expanding the opportunities and incentives for rebellion and intergroup violence. State exploitation conflicts, in contrast, occur when political leaders themselves capitalize on the opportunities arising from population pressures, natural resource scarcities, and related social grievances to instigate violence that serves their parochial interests. Drawing on a wide array of social science theory, this book argues that demographically and environmentally induced conflicts are most likely to occur in countries that are deeply split along ethnic, religious, regional, or class lines, and which have highly exclusive and discriminatory political systems. The empirical portion of the book evaluates the theoretical argument through in-depth case studies of civil strife in the Philippines, Kenya, and numerous other countries. The book concludes with an analysis of the challenges demographic and environmental change will pose to international security in the decades ahead.
Author: Eliana Cusato
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1108837522
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 307
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Book Description
Unpacks key assumptions about the 'environment', its relationship with violent conflict, and the justification for its protection underlying international law.
Author: Nicole Detraz
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317656075
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 196
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Book Description
Over the past 20 years scholars, policymakers, and the media have increasingly recognized the links between both traditional and non-traditional security issues and the changing condition of the global environment. Concepts such as 'environmental security' and 'resource conflict' have been used to hint at these significant linkages. While there has been a good deal of scholarly work conducted that seeks to identify the ways that actors link these concepts, there has been little examination of the intersection between approaches to environmental security and gender. This book explores this intersection to provide an insight into the gendered nature of both global environmental politics and security studies. It examines how the issues of security and the environment are linked to theory and practice, and the extent to which gender informs these discussions. By adopting a feminist environmental security discourse, this book provides crucial redefinitions of key concepts and offers new insights into the ways we understand security-environment connections. Case studies evaluate if, and how, environment and security discourses are being used to understand a range of environmental issues, and how a feminist environmental security discourse contributes to our understanding of security-environment connections. This multidisciplinary volume draws on literature from the environmental sciences, security studies and sociology to highlight the complex human insecurities that often accompany environmental change. As conceptualizations of security continue to shift and broaden to include environmental issues and concerns, it is imperative that gender informs the debate.
Author: M. Schnurr
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 1137002468
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 211
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Book Description
This volume brings together international scholars reflecting on the theory and practice of international security, human security, natural resources and environmental change. It contributes by 'centring the margins' and privileging alternative conceptions and understandings of environmental (in)security.
Author: Thomas F. Homer-Dixon
Publisher: Princeton University Press
ISBN: 1400822998
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 272
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Book Description
The Earth's human population is expected to pass eight billion by the year 2025, while rapid growth in the global economy will spur ever increasing demands for natural resources. The world will consequently face growing scarcities of such vital renewable resources as cropland, fresh water, and forests. Thomas Homer-Dixon argues in this sobering book that these environmental scarcities will have profound social consequences--contributing to insurrections, ethnic clashes, urban unrest, and other forms of civil violence, especially in the developing world. Homer-Dixon synthesizes work from a wide range of international research projects to develop a detailed model of the sources of environmental scarcity. He refers to water shortages in China, population growth in sub-Saharan Africa, and land distribution in Mexico, for example, to show that scarcities stem from the degradation and depletion of renewable resources, the increased demand for these resources, and/or their unequal distribution. He shows that these scarcities can lead to deepened poverty, large-scale migrations, sharpened social cleavages, and weakened institutions. And he describes the kinds of violence that can result from these social effects, arguing that conflicts in Chiapas, Mexico and ongoing turmoil in many African and Asian countries, for instance, are already partly a consequence of scarcity. Homer-Dixon is careful to point out that the effects of environmental scarcity are indirect and act in combination with other social, political, and economic stresses. He also acknowledges that human ingenuity can reduce the likelihood of conflict, particularly in countries with efficient markets, capable states, and an educated populace. But he argues that the violent consequences of scarcity should not be underestimated--especially when about half the world's population depends directly on local renewables for their day-to-day well-being. In the next decades, he writes, growing scarcities will affect billions of people with unprecedented severity and at an unparalleled scale and pace. Clearly written and forcefully argued, this book will become the standard work on the complex relationship between environmental scarcities and human violence.
Author: Gary E. Machlis
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9400712138
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 303
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Book Description
The purpose of this book is specific and ambitious: to outline the distinctive elements, scope, and usefulness of a new and emerging field of applied ecology named warfare ecology. Based on a NATO Advanced Research Workshop held on the island of Vieques, Puerto Rico, the book provides both a theoretical overview of this new field and case studies that range from mercury contamination during World War I in Slovenia to the ecosystem impacts of the Palestinian occupation, and from the bombing of coral reefs of Vieques to biodiversity loss due to violent conflicts in Africa. Warfare Ecology also includes reprints of several classical papers that set the stage for the new synthesis described by the authors. Written for environmental scientists, military and humanitarian relief professionals, conservation managers, and graduate students in a wide range of fields, Warfare Ecology is a major step forward in understanding the relationship between war and ecological systems.
Author: Wenona Giles
Publisher: Univ of California Press
ISBN: 0520237919
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 372
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Book Description
In this book, militarization, nationalism, and globalization are scrutinized at sites of violent conflict from a range of feminist pespectives.
Author: N.P. Gleditsch
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 940158947X
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 626
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Book Description
Nils Petter Gleditsch International Peace Research Institute, Oslo (PRIO) & Department of Sociology and Political Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trond heim This book could hardly have happened but for the end of the Cold War. The decline of the East-West conflict has opened up the arena for increased attention to other lines of conflict, in Europe and at the global level. Environmental disruption, not a new phenomenon by any means, is a chief beneficiary of the shift in priorities in the public debate. The Scientific and Environmental Affairs Divi sion of NATO has moved with the times and has defined environmental security as one of its priority areas for cooperation with Central and Eastern Europe and countries of the former Soviet Union. This book is the main output of an Advanced Research Workshop (ARW), held in Bolkesjl/l, Norway, 12-16 June 1996. I would like to acknowledge the personal support of L. Veiga da Cunha, Director of the Priority Area on Environmental Security. Research on these issues is now very much a collaborative effort across former lines of division in Europe. NATO encourages, indeed requires, that this be reflected in the composition of the participants, as well as the organizing committee. This meeting was organized by a group of five people from five different countries: Lothar Brock (Germany), Nils Petter Gleditsch (Norway), Thomas Homer-Dixon (Canada), Renat Perelet (Co-Director, Russia), and Evan Vlachos (USA).
