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Author: Lingyang Feng
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2832534465
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 138
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Book Description
Author: Lingyang Feng
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2832534465
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 138
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Book Description
Author: William Nelson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Intercropping has long been a key crop production strategy for low input farming systems, such as those of smallholders, and organic farmers, where two or more crops are used to allow for the complementary use of resources, such as light, water, and nutrients. Although some intercropping systems have shown success, our understanding of them is not fully complete. The increasing need to utilise ecosystem resources as efficiently as possible demands a more comprehensive understanding, in particular as large-scale, high production farming systems begin to show interest in mixed specie crop pro...
Author: Annika Meißner
Publisher: Cuvillier Verlag
ISBN: 3736964471
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 286
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Book Description
Legume-based intercropping systems have the potential for a more efficient use of water resources. This depends on various factors such as environmental conditions and genotypic characteristics. Therefore, several genotypes of legumes and non-legumes of arable, grassland and woody crops were tested comparing intercropping and pure stands under both greenhouse and field conditions. Greenhouse experiments with winter faba bean and winter wheat under water deficit revealed genotypic differences in the suitability for intercropping as well as effects on the microbial community. Field experiments with direct and remote measurements showed that including legumes in arable and grassland low-input systems improves water use efficiency and productivity in comparison to pure non-legumes. The grassland mixing partners perennial ryegrass and chicory had additional effects. Furthermore, arable intercropping reduced nitrous oxide emissions compared to fertilized wheat stands. From the consolidated results, some winter faba bean and white clover genotypes could be identified for further breeding for intercropping systems. In summary, intercropping with legumes improves the water use efficiency and the general performance and sustainability of the agro-ecosystem.
Author: S. R. Waddington
Publisher: CIMMYT
ISBN: 9789686127508
Category : Cereals
Languages : en
Pages : 260
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Book Description
Author: Ram Swaroop Meena
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0323857973
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 728
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Book Description
Advances in Legume-based Agroecoystem for Sustainable Intensification explores current research and future strategies for ensuring capacity growth and socioeconomic improvement through the utilization of legume crop cultivation and production in the achievement of sustainability development goals (SDGs). Sections cover the role of legumes in addressing issues of food security, improving nitrogen in the environment, environmental sustainability, economic-environmentally optimized systems, the importance and impact of nitrogen, organic production, and biomass potential, legume production, biology, breeding improvement, cropping systems, and the use of legumes for eco-friendly weed management. This book is an important resource for scientists, researchers and advanced students interested in championing the effective utilization of legumes for agronomic and ecological benefit. Focuses on opportunities for agricultural impact and sustainability Presents insights into both agricultural sustainability and eco-intensification Includes the impact of legume production on societal impacts such as health and wealth management
Author: Marianne Ricord
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agricultural ecology
Languages : en
Pages : 134
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Book Description
Sole crops are commonly used in the most productive agricultural area in Argentina, the Pampas, and represent the biggest land-area in the country, and the most responsible for the release of greenhouse gas emissions to the atmosphere. For this reason, the Government has adopted sustainable practices such as intercropping systems (e.g., cereal-legume) to increase soil organic carbon and soil organic matter. An increase in soil organic matter has proven to capture greater amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2), a threatening greenhouse gas for climate change. In addition, it has shown to decrease nitrogen losses in the form of nitrous oxide (N2O), which is more potent than CO2. Agricultural soils are the main contributor to increased atmospheric nitrous oxide (N2O) concentrations with negative impacts on global climate. In Latin America, Argentina has been enlisted as one of the highest emitters of N2O emissions. In fact, almost half of their emissions originate from cropping systems, especially, sole crops, which tend to lose higher soil organic carbon. Cereal-legume intercrops are beneficial due to the complementary and simultaneous usage of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) that helps to promote greater storage of C and reduce N losses. Due to the positive cycling of both elements in the intercrops, this helps to store C and N more effectively and reduce greenhouse gases in the soil in the long term, making them more sustainable and beneficial with respect to climate change. Although intercropping systems have shown a vast array of benefits there is still an urge to evidence that intercrop systems can reduce both CO2 and N2O emissions compared to sole crop systems. The objective of this study was to determine the capacity of a cereal-legume intercrop to lower both greenhouse gases under nitrifying and denitrifying conditions, compared to a cereal and legume sole crop. Results showed that mean CO2 emissions in the nitrification ranged from 1.77 to 2.22 mg CO2-C g-1 h-1 in the fertilized group while in the unfertilized group ranged from 1.61 to 1.92 mg CO2-C g-1 h-1. Conversely, N2O emissions in the nitrification ranged from 0.48 to 1.64 [mu]g N2O-N g-1 h-1. in the fertilized group to 0.43 to 0.56 [mu]g N2O-N g-1 h-1 in the unfertilized group. Under nitrification conditions (60% water-filled-pore-space) in the fertilized group, the maize sole crop and intercrop mean N2O emissions were 1.64 and 0.48 [mu]g N2O-N g-1 h-1, respectively. The CO2 mean emissions favoured by the nitrification in the maize sole crop, soybean sole crop, and intercrop were 2.22, 1.77, and 2.20 mg CO2-C g-1 h-1, respectively. Nonetheless, throughout the 48 hours of the incubation experiment, these results were not significantly different. Meanwhile, under denitrification conditions mean N2O emissions of soybean sole crop (80% water-filled-pore-space) resulted in 12.74 [mu]g N2O-N g-1 h-1 and were higher than maize sole crop and intercrop (12.28 and 9.37 [mu]g N2O-N g-1 h-1, respectively). Overall, the emissions followed lower increases of N2O under the influence of intercropping systems in both nitrification and denitrification processes. In the nitrification, however, maize sole crops had a greater soil ammonium concentration (5.82 g N gdw-1) which seem to explain higher N2O emissions compared to intercrop systems (5.51 g N gdw-1). Nitrate concentrations under nitrification were the lowest in the intercrops (1.18 g N gdw-1) and the highest in soybean sole crop (1.27 g N gdw-1), which suggests that the nitrification in the latter was occurring at faster rates than in intercrops, thus reducing emissions overall in intercrops. Greenhouse gas emissions were highly correlated to nitrifying genes indicating that the apparent source of emissions are promoted by nitrifying microbial functional genes. Although there is an evident linkage between N2O emissions and microbial abundance, the microbial functionality needs to be further analyzed to confirm that the actual microbial source of N2O emissions under nitrification conditions was of the nitrifying group. Moreover, isotopic measurements would elucidate the contribution of these greenhouse gases and would deliver a better understanding of the contribution of both C and N in CO2 and N2O emissions. In order to assess intercrop systems in terms of C storage and CO2 reduction, long-term studies are needed (e.g., more than 10 years). Nonetheless, this study evidenced that intercropping systems are effectively reducing N2O emissions and that have the potential to sustainably abate one of the most potent greenhouse gases that contribute to climate change.
Author: Ram Swaroop Meena
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9811302537
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 541
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Book Description
Sustainable management of soils is an important global issue of the 21st century. Feeding roughly 8 billion people with an environmentally sustainable production system is a major challenge, especially considering the fact that 10% of the world’s population at risk of hunger and 25% at risk of malnutrition. Accordingly, the 68th United Nations (UN) general assembly declared 2016 the “International Year of Pulses” to raise awareness and to celebrate the role of pulses in human nutrition and welfare. Likewise, the assembly declared the year 2015 as the “International Year of Soils” to promote awareness of the role of “healthy soils for a healthy life” and the International Union of Soil Science (IUSS) has declared 2015-2024 as the International Decade of Soils. Including legumes in cropping systems is an important toward advancing soil sustainability, food and nutritional security without compromising soil quality or its production potential. Several textbooks and edited volumes are currently available on general soil fertility or on legumes but‚ to date‚ none have been dedicated to the study of “Legumes for Soil Health and Sustainable Management”. This is important aspect, as the soil, the epidermis of the Earth (geoderma)‚ is the major component of the terrestrial biosphere. This book explores the impacts of legumes on soil health and sustainability, structure and functioning of agro-ecosystems, agronomic productivity and food security, BNF, microbial transformation of soil N and P, plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria, biofertilizers, etc. With the advent of fertilizers, legumes have been sidelined since World War II, which has produced serious consequences for soils and the environment alike. Therefore, legume-based rational cropping/soil management practices must support environmentally and economically sustainable agroecosystems based on (sequential) rotation and intercropping considerations to restore soil health and sustainability. All chapters are amply illustrated with appropriately placed data, tables, figures, and photographs, and supported with extensive and cutting-edge references. The editors have provided a roadmap for the sustainable development of legumes for food and nutritional security and soil sustainability in agricultural systems, offering a unique resource for teachers, researchers, and policymakers, as well as undergraduate and graduate students of soil science, agronomy, ecology, and the environmental sciences.
Author: L. Bedoussac
Publisher: Burleigh Dodds Science: Instant Insights
ISBN: 9781801464918
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
This collection provides a comprehensive overview of the use of intercropping across agriculture, focussing on its use to manage and improve soil health, as well as its use in temperate agroforestry systems to mitigate the sector's environmental impact.
Author: Manish Kumar Singh
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
ISBN: 3656420289
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 132
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Book Description
Master's Thesis from the year 2010 in the subject Agrarian Studies, , course: M. Sc. (Agriculture), language: English, abstract: Rice farmers are mostly involved in monoculture practices. This deprives the land for growing other food crops. Hence, a better alternative of mono/sole cropping is required to overcome this shortcoming. Therefore, a shift from mono cropping to inter/multiple cropping as an excellent strategy for intensifying land use and increasing income and production per unit area and time is appreciated. Keeping this view in mind, the experiment was conducted during the Kharif and Rabi seasons of 2009-10 at University Research cum Instructional Farm, IGKV, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India. The major objectives were to assess the production potential and economic viability of different rabi intercropping under rice based cropping systems and to identify the suitable/ remunerative rice based cropping systems with vegetables and oilseeds intercrops.
Author: Baoli Zhu
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2832549675
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 115
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Book Description
Currently, the global average temperature is projected to increase by 0.2 °C per decade due to past and ongoing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. To limit global warming to 1.5 °C above pre-industrial levels, not only does carbon dioxide (CO2) emission need to reach net zero around 2050, but the emissions of other GHGs also have to reduce substantially. Nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) are very important GHGs, and their global warming potentials are 300 and 25 times that of CO2 over a 100-year time scale. Since pre-industrial times, atmospheric N2O concentrations have increased by more than 20%, and CH4 concentrations have nearly tripled to the current 1900 ppb. Studies have suggested that the ongoing increase of atmospheric N2O and CH4 emissions is mostly attributed to microbial activities.
