Etude écologique du compartiment bactérien dans les estuaires de l'Elbe, de l'Escaut et de la Gironde PDF Download
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Author: Maria Aránzazu Hernández-Palomino
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : fr
Pages : 281
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Book Description
L'OBJECTIF DE CETTE THESE A ETE D'ANALYSER COMPARATIVEMENT LA DYNAMIQUE DU COMPARTIMENT BACTERIEN ET SES FACTEURS DE CONTROLE DANS TROIS ESTUAIRES EUROPEENS (ELBE, ESCAUT, GIRONDE). LES ESTIMATIONS DU CARBONE ORGANIQUE BACTERIEN (COB) MONTRENT QUE CELUI CI REPRESENTE UNE PROPORTION NON NEGLIGEABLE PAR RAPPORT AU CARBONE ORGANIQUE TOTAL, ET PEUT ETRE DU MEME ORDRE QUE LE CARBONE ORGANIQUE PHYTOPLANCTONIQUE (PHYTOC). LE COB DEVRAIT DONC ETRE PRIS EN COMPTE POUR EVALUER LE NIVEAU D'EUTROPHISATION DES ESTUAIRES. AINSI, L'ESCAUT APPARAIT PLUS EUTROPHE QUE L'ELBE ET QUE LA GIRONDE. LES DONNEES DE PRODUCTION BACTERIENNE OBTENUES DANS LA REGION DE TURBIDITE MAXIMALE, OU LE RAPPORT COB/PHYTOC EST LE PLUS ELEVE, CONFIRMENT CE CLASSEMENT. MAIS, LES PEUPLEMENTS DE L'ESCAUT ET DE LA GIRONDE PRESENTENT DES TAUX DE CROISSANCE ET DE PRODUCTIVITE COMPARABLES, SUPERIEURS A CEUX DE L'ELBE. LE FACTEUR ENVIRONNEMENTAL DETERMINANT SEMBLE ETRE LA TEMPERATURE QUI EST BIEN PLUS FAIBLE DANS CE DERNIER ESTUAIRE. LES PREDATEURS PRINCIPAUX DE LA PRODUCTION BACTERIENNE SONT DE TAILLE INFERIEURE A 5 M. ILS PARVIENNENT A CONSOMMER PRES DE 100% DE LA PRODUCTION, SAUF DANS L'ESCAUT (67%) OU LES FAIBLES CONCENTRATIONS EN OXYGENE LIMITERAIENT LEUR ACTIVITE. L'ETUDE DE L'UTILISATION DE 95 SOURCES DE CARBONE PAR 369 SOUCHES ISOLEES DES TROIS ESTUAIRES, CONFIRME L'IMPORTANCE DES VOIES FERMENTATIVES DANS L'ESCAUT, ET EN GENERAL, UNE ADAPTATION DES BACTERIES ESTUARIENNES AUX CONDITIONS DE DISPONIBILITE DE SUBSTRATS ET DE SALINITE.
Author: Maria Aránzazu Hernández-Palomino
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : fr
Pages : 281
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Book Description
L'OBJECTIF DE CETTE THESE A ETE D'ANALYSER COMPARATIVEMENT LA DYNAMIQUE DU COMPARTIMENT BACTERIEN ET SES FACTEURS DE CONTROLE DANS TROIS ESTUAIRES EUROPEENS (ELBE, ESCAUT, GIRONDE). LES ESTIMATIONS DU CARBONE ORGANIQUE BACTERIEN (COB) MONTRENT QUE CELUI CI REPRESENTE UNE PROPORTION NON NEGLIGEABLE PAR RAPPORT AU CARBONE ORGANIQUE TOTAL, ET PEUT ETRE DU MEME ORDRE QUE LE CARBONE ORGANIQUE PHYTOPLANCTONIQUE (PHYTOC). LE COB DEVRAIT DONC ETRE PRIS EN COMPTE POUR EVALUER LE NIVEAU D'EUTROPHISATION DES ESTUAIRES. AINSI, L'ESCAUT APPARAIT PLUS EUTROPHE QUE L'ELBE ET QUE LA GIRONDE. LES DONNEES DE PRODUCTION BACTERIENNE OBTENUES DANS LA REGION DE TURBIDITE MAXIMALE, OU LE RAPPORT COB/PHYTOC EST LE PLUS ELEVE, CONFIRMENT CE CLASSEMENT. MAIS, LES PEUPLEMENTS DE L'ESCAUT ET DE LA GIRONDE PRESENTENT DES TAUX DE CROISSANCE ET DE PRODUCTIVITE COMPARABLES, SUPERIEURS A CEUX DE L'ELBE. LE FACTEUR ENVIRONNEMENTAL DETERMINANT SEMBLE ETRE LA TEMPERATURE QUI EST BIEN PLUS FAIBLE DANS CE DERNIER ESTUAIRE. LES PREDATEURS PRINCIPAUX DE LA PRODUCTION BACTERIENNE SONT DE TAILLE INFERIEURE A 5 M. ILS PARVIENNENT A CONSOMMER PRES DE 100% DE LA PRODUCTION, SAUF DANS L'ESCAUT (67%) OU LES FAIBLES CONCENTRATIONS EN OXYGENE LIMITERAIENT LEUR ACTIVITE. L'ETUDE DE L'UTILISATION DE 95 SOURCES DE CARBONE PAR 369 SOUCHES ISOLEES DES TROIS ESTUAIRES, CONFIRME L'IMPORTANCE DES VOIES FERMENTATIVES DANS L'ESCAUT, ET EN GENERAL, UNE ADAPTATION DES BACTERIES ESTUARIENNES AUX CONDITIONS DE DISPONIBILITE DE SUBSTRATS ET DE SALINITE.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : fr
Pages : 397
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Author: Société royale des sciences de Liège
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Biology
Languages : fr
Pages : 564
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Author: Canada. Department of Fisheries and Oceans
Publisher: Peches Et Oceans Direction Generale Des Communications = Fisheries and Oceans Communications Dir
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : fr
Pages : 376
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Book Description
Proceedings of a workshop, the scientific reviews and the contributed papers presented at the symposium. The document presents a brief historical summary of marine research in the Gulf; reports the discussions, conclusions and recommendations of the different working groups on oceanography (physics, biology, chemistry and sedimentology) and on the fishery (fish and invertebrates); then presents the discussions of each multidisciplinary working group, centered around how the St. Lawrence system may be used as a natural laboratory which will contribute to the solution of major long-term problems of conservation of natural resources and of the quality of the environment.
Author: A. Tremblay
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3540266437
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 743
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Book Description
In a time when an unquestionable link between anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases and climatic changes has finally been acknowledged and * widely documented through IPCC reports, the need for precise estimates of greenhouse gas (GHG) production rates and emissions from natural as well as managed ecosystems has risen to a critical level. Future agreements between nations concerning the reduction of their GHG emissions will - pend upon precise estimates of the present level of these emissions in both natural and managed terrestrial and aquatic environments. From this viewpoint, the present volume should prove to a benchmark contribution because it provides very carefully assessed values for GHG emissions or exchanges between critical climatic zones in aquatic en- ronments and the atmosphere. It also provides unique information on the biases of different measurement methods that may account for some of the contradictory results that have been published recently in the literature on this subject. Not only has a large array of current measurement methods been tested concurrently here, but a few new approaches have also been developed, notably laser measurements of atmospheric CO concentration 2 gradients. Another highly useful feature of this book is the addition of - nitoring and process studies as well as modeling.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agriculture
Languages : en
Pages : 862
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Author: J. M. Jouanneau
Publisher: E. Schweizerbartsche Verlagsbuchhandlung
ISBN:
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 132
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Author: Nicolas Flipo
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030542602
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 430
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Book Description
This open access book reviews the water-agro-food and socio-eco-system of the Seine River basin (76,000 km2), and offers a historical perspective on the river’s long-term contamination. The Seine basin is inhabited by circa 17 million people and is impacted by intensive agricultural practices and industrial activities. These pressures have gradually affected its hydrological, chemical and ecological functioning, leading to a maximum chemical degradation between the 1960s and the 1990s. Over the last three decades, while major water-quality improvements have been observed, new issues (e.g. endocrine disruptors, microplastics) have also emerged. The state of the Seine River network, from the headwaters to estuary, is increasingly controlled by the balance between pressures and social responses. This socio-ecosystem provides a unique example of the functioning of a territory under heavy anthropogenic pressure during the Anthropocene era. The achievements made were possible due to the long-term PIREN Seine research program, established in 1989 and today part of the French socio-ecological research network “Zones Ateliers”, itself part of the international Long-term Socio-economic and Ecological Research Network (LTSER). Written by experts in the field, the book provides an introduction to the water budget and the territorial metabolism of the Seine basin, and studies the trajectories and impact of various pollutants in the Seine River. It offers insights into the ecological functioning, the integration of agricultural practices, the analysis of aquatic organic matter, and the evolution of fish assemblages in the Seine basin, and also presents research perspectives and approaches to improve the water quality of the Seine River. Given its scope, it will appeal to environmental managers, scientists and policymakers interested in the long-term contamination of the Seine River.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Biology
Languages : en
Pages : 610
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Author: Roland Wollast
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642760643
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 518
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Book Description
This book is a natural extension of the SCOPE (Scientific Committee of Problems on the Environment) volumes on the carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and sulfur (S) biogeochemical cycles and their interactions (Likens, 1981; Bolin and Cook, 1983). Substantial progress in the knowledge of these cycles has been made since publication of those volumes. In particular, the nature and extent of biological and inorganic interactions between these cycles have been identified, positive and negative feedbacks recognized and the relationship between the cycles and global environmental change preliminarily elucidated. In March 1991, a NATO Advanced Research Workshop was held for one week in Melreux, Belgium to reexamine the biogeochemical cycles of C, N, P and S on a variety of time and space scales from a holistic point of view. This book is the result of that workshop. The biogeochemical cycles of C, N, P and S are intimately tied to each other through biological productivity and subsequently to problems of global environmental change. These problems may be the most challenging facing humanity in the 21 st century. In the broadest sense, "global change" encompasses both changes to the status of the large, globally connected atmospheric, oceanic and terrestrial environments (e. g. tropospheric temperature increase) and change occurring as the result of nearly simultaneous local changes in many regions of the world (e. g. eutrophication).
