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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789080170407
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 154
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Book Description
"In this thesis the dynamics of water and hydrated protons in confinement has been studied using nonlinear spectroscopy methods, including IR pump-probe spectroscopy and vibrational sum frequency generation spectroscopy (VSFG spectroscopy). Using the IR pump-probe spectroscopy, we first investigated the structural and dynamical properties of the O-H vibrations of the proton hydration complexes in hydrated Nafion. We found a strong reorganization of the proton hydration structure following single-quantum excitation of a proton vibration with infrared pulses. While, the infrared induced proton transfer becomes less observable with the increase of hydration level due to the acceleration of the vibrational relaxation and the increasingly dominant influence of the heating effect that results from the vibrational relaxation. With same method, we also studied the vibrational relaxation of aqueous protons in hydrated water clusters formed in acetonitrile, the vibrational dynamics of the bending mode of hydrated protons in Nafion and the energy relaxation dynamics of the hydration complex of hydroxide. With VSFG spectroscopy, we investigated the vibrational response of the hydration shells of hydrophobic anions (triflate, ethanesulfonate, and butanesulfonate). The addition of these hydrophobic anions mainly leads to a frequency shift of the main VSFG band for solution in H2O, while to a strong amplitude increase for solution in D2O. The difference is associated with a strong isotope effect in the intra- and intermolecular mixing of the hydroxyl stretch vibrations of the water molecules contained in the hydration shells of the hydrophobic anions."--Samenvatting auteur.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789080170407
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 154
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Book Description
"In this thesis the dynamics of water and hydrated protons in confinement has been studied using nonlinear spectroscopy methods, including IR pump-probe spectroscopy and vibrational sum frequency generation spectroscopy (VSFG spectroscopy). Using the IR pump-probe spectroscopy, we first investigated the structural and dynamical properties of the O-H vibrations of the proton hydration complexes in hydrated Nafion. We found a strong reorganization of the proton hydration structure following single-quantum excitation of a proton vibration with infrared pulses. While, the infrared induced proton transfer becomes less observable with the increase of hydration level due to the acceleration of the vibrational relaxation and the increasingly dominant influence of the heating effect that results from the vibrational relaxation. With same method, we also studied the vibrational relaxation of aqueous protons in hydrated water clusters formed in acetonitrile, the vibrational dynamics of the bending mode of hydrated protons in Nafion and the energy relaxation dynamics of the hydration complex of hydroxide. With VSFG spectroscopy, we investigated the vibrational response of the hydration shells of hydrophobic anions (triflate, ethanesulfonate, and butanesulfonate). The addition of these hydrophobic anions mainly leads to a frequency shift of the main VSFG band for solution in H2O, while to a strong amplitude increase for solution in D2O. The difference is associated with a strong isotope effect in the intra- and intermolecular mixing of the hydroxyl stretch vibrations of the water molecules contained in the hydration shells of the hydrophobic anions."--Samenvatting auteur.
Author: Pussana Hirunsit
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are performed to study structural and dynamic properties of water confined within graphite surfaces. The surfaces are separated at distances varying between 7 and 14.5 Å and the water density is held constant at 1g/cc. Results at 298 K show the formation of a well-ordered structure constituted by water layers parallel to the graphite surfaces. The water molecules in the layers in contact with the surface have a tendency to orient their dipole parallel to the surface. Such ice-like structures may have different structural and dynamic properties than those of ice. The calculated mean square displacement reveals that the mobilities of the confined water at a separation of 8 Å become similar to that of low-temperature water (213 K) at the same density, although the structures of water are very different. The temperature at which the mobility of water confined at the separation of 7 Å would become similar to that of bulk low-temperature water was found to be 373K. With respect to the dynamics of confined water, a significant blue shift is observed in the intermolecular vibrational modes associated with the O···O···O bending and O···O stretching of molecules linked by hydrogen bonds. The analysis of the geometry of water clusters confined between two graphite surfaces has been performed using ab initio methods. The ab initio calculations yield two preferential orientations of water molecules which are; 1) one O-H bond points to the surface and the other is parallel; 2) both O-H bonds are parallel to the surface. These orientations agree with those found in our MD simulation results. The calculated energy barriers for proton transfer of the confined H3O-(H2O) complexes between two graphite model surfaces suggest that the confinement enhances the proton transfer at the separation 6-14.5 Å. When the confinement is high, at a separation of 4 Å, the barrier energies are extremely large. The confinement does not enhance proton transfer when the H3O-(H2O) complexes are located further from the surfaces by more than 8 Å. As a result, the barrier energies start to increase at the separation of 20 Å.
Author: R. Mantz
Publisher: The Electrochemical Society
ISBN: 156677778X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 21
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Book Description
The papers included in this issue of ECS Transactions were originally presented in the symposium ¿Measurement and Diagnostics for Energy Systems¿, held during the 215th meeting of The Electrochemical Society, in San Francisco, CA from May 24 to 29, 2009.
Author: Rustem Valiullin
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN: 1782623779
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 595
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Book Description
With the increasing role of porous solids in conventional and newly emerging technologies, there is an urgent need for a deeper understanding of fluid behaviour confined to pore spaces of these materials especially with regard to their transport properties. From its early years, NMR has been recognized as a powerful experimental technique enabling direct access to this information. In the last two decades, the methodological development of different NMR techniques to assess dynamic properties of adsorbed ensembles has been progressed. This book will report on these recent advances and look at new broader applications in engineering and medicine. Having both academic and industrial relevance, this unique reference will be for specialists working in the research areas and for advanced graduate and postgraduate studies who want information on the versatility of diffusion NMR.
Author: Philippe Knauth
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0470669373
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 426
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Book Description
Proton conduction can be found in many different solid materials, from organic polymers at room temperature to inorganic oxides at high temperature. Solid state proton conductors are of central interest for many technological innovations, including hydrogen and humidity sensors, membranes for water electrolyzers and, most importantly, for high-efficiency electrochemical energy conversion in fuel cells. Focusing on fundamentals and physico-chemical properties of solid state proton conductors, topics covered include: Morphology and Structure of Solid Acids Diffusion in Solid Proton Conductors by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Structure and Diffusivity by Quasielastic Neutron Scattering Broadband Dielectric Spectroscopy Mechanical and Dynamic Mechanical Analysis of Proton-Conducting Polymers Ab initio Modeling of Transport and Structure Perfluorinated Sulfonic Acids Proton-Conducting Aromatic Polymers Inorganic Solid Proton Conductors Uniquely combining both organic (polymeric) and inorganic proton conductors, Solid State Proton Conductors: Properties and Applications in Fuel Cells provides a complete treatment of research on proton-conducting materials.
Author:
Publisher: ScholarlyEditions
ISBN: 1481677799
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 521
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Book Description
Monovalent Cations—Advances in Research and Application: 2013 Edition is a ScholarlyBrief™ that delivers timely, authoritative, comprehensive, and specialized information about ZZZAdditional Research in a concise format. The editors have built Monovalent Cations—Advances in Research and Application: 2013 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about ZZZAdditional Research in this book to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Monovalent Cations—Advances in Research and Application: 2013 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.
Author: Matthias Sattig
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Biman Bagchi
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1107037298
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 383
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Book Description
A unified overview of the dynamical properties of water and its unique and diverse role in biological and chemical processes.
Author: Mae-wan Ho
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9813108886
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 500
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Book Description
The scope of this extraordinary selection of essays, distilled from nearly a thousand works that the author has written, is literally the entire universe and universe of knowledge. It charts the author's quest for the meaning of life faced with a dominant knowledge system she regards as incoherent, meaningless, and often acting against people and planet. She shows how contemporary scientific findings across all disciplines already provide an authentic knowledge system that's coherent with life and the universe. The aim is to transform science thoroughly from inspiration to research to applications that work for people and planet.This book is simply unique in its scope and content. There is no equivalent. The author surveys and explains contemporary science in depth ranging over philosophy, anthropology, quantum physics and chemistry, neurobiology, psychology, genetics and epigenetics, cosmology, art, humanities, and mathematics. It presents a truly holistic view of nature, with profound implications for life in the social, political, and personal realm.
Author: Omotayo Ademola Arotiba
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2832542360
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 296
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Book Description
